有机蒙脱土对百菌清废水的吸附作用

以钠基膨润土为原料,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)进行有机改性,制得有机蒙脱土.研究了有机蒙脱土对有机氯农药百菌清废水的吸附性能,考察了溶液pH、温度、吸附时间以及有机蒙脱土用量对吸附率的影响.结果表明:百菌清溶液浓度为0.30 g/L、蒙脱土用量为10 g/L、pH为7、温度25℃、吸附时间为30min时,百菌清的脱除率可达82%.     

有机蒙脱土对百菌清废水的吸附作用

以钠基膨润土为原料,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)进行有机改性,制得有机蒙脱土.研究了有机蒙脱土对有机氯农药百菌清废水的吸附性能,考察了溶液pH、温度、吸附时间以及有机蒙脱土用量对吸附率的影响.结果表明:百菌清溶液浓度为0.30 g/L、蒙脱土用量为10 g/L、pH为7、温度25℃、吸附时间为30min时,百菌清的脱除率可达82%.     

膨润土有机改性及其对含油废水的吸附性能

以十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(OTAB)为改性剂,对天然膨润土进行有机改性,并采用X射线衍射仪对样品进行表征.考察温度、吸附时间、有机改性膨润土投加量、pH对含油废水中COD去除效果的影响.结果表明:OTAB成功插入到膨润土层间,其层间距增加.在30℃、有机改性膨润土投加量9g/L、吸附时间45 min、pH 6.0的条件下,有机改性膨润土对含油废水中COD的去除率可达86.8％.该研究为膨润土表面改性方法改进提供了借鉴.     

有机改性膨润土吸附模拟染料废水的工艺条件

为提高天然膨润土的吸附性能,以十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）为改性剂,制备有机阳离子改性膨润土,并通过吸附实验分析有机改性剂用量、吸附时间、改性膨润土投加量、废水pH及初始质量浓度对模拟染料废水脱色率的影响。结果表明：有机改性剂质量分数为20%,有机改性膨润土投加量为1.0 g/L,振荡时间为30 min,废水pH为6.0,初始质量浓度为40 mg/L时,有机改性膨润土对模拟染料废水的处理效果最佳,脱色率可达到95.66%。该研究为新型改性膨润土处理染料废水提供了技术参考。     

改性膨润土吸附萘的实验研究

选择双阳离子十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-四甲基溴化铵(3∶1)对膨润土进行改性.结果表明最佳吸附条件是:改性膨润土投加量25g/L,pH为6,反应温度40℃,摇床转速150r/min,吸附时间30min,此时改性膨润土对20mg/L的萘吸附率可达99.4%.改性后膨润土阳离子交换容量增加了1.6倍;红外光谱图显示,表面活性剂已经进入膨润土层间;解吸实验表明,有机膨润土是一种有效的吸附剂,能较好吸附萘.此外,有机膨润土可以同时吸附萘和磷酸盐.对萘的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温式,对磷酸盐的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式.     

阴-阳离子有机膨润土对酸性靛蓝的吸附及动力学研究

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基硫酸钠复合改性膨润土制备阴-阳离子有机膨润土.研究了阴-阳离子有机膨润土对废水中酸性靛蓝的吸附性能、影响因素及动力学过程.结果表明:阴-阳离子有机膨润土明显提高了膨润土对酸性靛蓝的吸附能力.当溶液pH2、常温、振荡时间75 min、阴-阳离子有机膨润土用量4g/L时,阴-阳离子有机膨润土对浓度为201.82 mg/L的酸性靛蓝的脱色率达99.87%,最大吸附量为50.387mg/g.阴-阳离子有机膨润土对酸性靛蓝的吸附规律符合Freund lich吸附等温式,吸附动力学遵循Freund lich方程描述的规律.     

氨氮废水的处理

探讨了经Al3+改性并煅烧的膨润土对含氨氮废水的吸附特性,考察了pH、反应温度、反应时间、改性膨润土的用量等因素对改性膨润土吸附性能的影响.结果表明,经Al3+改性的膨润土对氮有很好的吸附性能,且当膨润土中Al3+质量分数为2.0%、经300℃煅烧2 h,在pH=6,Al3+改性的膨润土的用量为8 g/L,吸附时间为30 min的条件下,对100 mg/L含氮废水的去除率可达到92%,处理后的废水含氮量小于15 mg/L,达到了国家一级排放标准.     

改性蒙脱土对废水中苯酚吸附性能研究

以钙基膨润土为原料,经提纯钠化后用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)进行有机改性,制得有机蒙脱土,探讨了其对废水中苯酚的吸附性能.结果表明,对50 mL浓度为50 mg/L的苯酚溶液,在溶液pH值为6.3、温度35℃、吸附时间50 min、有机蒙脱土投加量20 g/L条件下,对苯酚的脱除率可达78%.     

有机改性膨润土的制备及甲基橙废水脱色工艺研究

以十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（1831）为改性剂,制得有机阳离子改性膨润土．研究了有机膨润土投加量、吸附时间、废水pH值及废水初始浓度对甲基橙废水脱色率的影响．实验结果表明,有机阳离子改性膨润土投加量为1．5g／L,吸附时间为60min,废水pH值为8．0,废水初始浓度为100mg／L时,有机阳离子改性膨润土对甲基橙废水的脱色率达到98．08％．     

有机蒙脱土的制备及对苯胺废液的吸附性能

以信阳上天梯矿膨润土为原料,经过钠化改型处理后,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵进行有机改性,制得有机蒙脱土,利用正交试验研究有机蒙脱土对苯胺的吸附性能.结果表明,对于质量浓度为20 mg/L的苯胺溶液,在温度40 ℃、吸附时间50 min、有机蒙脱土投加量80 g/L、溶液pH值7的条件下,对苯胺的脱除率可达84.2%.吸附等温曲线符合Freundlich方程.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.