固定化WAS吸附剂净化Pb(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)污染水体影响因素研究

采用固定化WAS吸附剂,净化Pb(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)污染水体影响,结果表明:该吸附剂吸附2种重金属离子时呈现出不同的规律,吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的最佳条件为在25℃,200 mL,质量浓度为99.23 mg/L,pH值为5,WAS与固化剂的包埋比例(质量比)为1∶5,振荡吸附1 h,最大吸附率为71.00%,吸附量为14.20 mg/g;吸附Hg(Ⅱ)的最佳条件为在25℃,质量浓度为99.87 mg/L,pH值为4,WAS与固化剂的包埋比例(质量比)为1∶5,振荡吸附1 h后,最大吸附率为60.60%,吸附量为12.12 mg/g。在所实验的质量浓度范围内,基本符合经典Langmuir等温吸附模型,固定化WAS吸附Pb(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)的表观最大吸附量分别为88.50 mg/g和66.67 mg/g,为固定化WAS吸附剂净化Pb(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)污染水体应用研究提供可靠依据。     

白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附特性

采用间歇试验研究白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性,考虑了吸附剂用量、初始溶液pH、离子强度、反应时间、温度及铅初始浓度等因素的影响.间歇试验结果表明,吸附剂用量、pH、离子强度等因素对铅去除影响显著,温度对白陶土吸附能力影响相对较小.在20℃、pH0=5.5、初始浓度200 mg/L、吸附剂用量1g/L下,白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附量可达136.33mg/g.动力学试验结果表明,白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附为快速反应,10min时的吸附量为最大吸附量的80%,180min内即达到吸附平衡,伪二级动力学模型对白陶土吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的过程拟合较好.Langmuir模型可较好地预测白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的等温吸附.热力学试验结果表明,白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附为自发与吸热反应,升温有利于吸附反应的进行.白陶土对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附机制为离子交换、静电吸附与络合反应.     

ESA/AMPS共聚物的合成及阻垢性能分析

以MA和AMPS为原料,以过硫酸铵为引发剂合成了ESA/AMPS共聚物.通过静态阻垢实验,考察了各实验条件对ESA/AMPS共聚物阻碳酸钙垢、磷酸钙垢的阻垢率的影响.得出最佳合成工艺条件为单体配比m(MA)∶m(AMPS)=3∶1,引发剂用量质量分数4%,聚合时间3h,聚合反应温度85~90℃.阻垢剂投药量约5mg/L时,阻垢效果最好.     

纳米TiO_2对痕量Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

利用TiO2纳米颗粒的表面吸附活性,应用火焰原子吸收光谱检测方法,高效分离了水中痕量的Pb(Ⅱ).系统研究了纳米TiO2的晶体结构、溶液的pH值、吸附时间、Pb(Ⅱ)的起始质量浓度对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附率的影响,得到纳米TiO2对Pb(Ⅱ)的最佳吸附条件为:pH=6.5,m(TiO2)=20 mg,ρ0(Pb(Ⅱ))=18 mg.L-1,t=90 min.测定了纳米TiO2对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附等温线,应用Freundlich公式得到了吸附等温方程.     

活性炭纤维负载钙的制备及其对铅的吸附性能

研究活性炭纤维负载Ca(Ⅱ)盐(Ca-ACF)吸附剂的制备及其对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附性能.文中考察了ACF的比表面积、溶液pH值、吸附剂用量、负载Ca(Ⅱ)盐的种类与浓度等因素对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附性能的影响.结果表明,比表面积为1 500 m2/g的活性炭纤维负载0.25 mol/L CaCl2时,活性炭纤维对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附效果最好,其对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温模型.当pH值为6、吸附剂加入量为0.2 mg/mL,静态饱和吸附容量达到201.25 mg/g,重复使用时性能稳定,具有处理含Pb(Ⅱ)废水的应用前景.     

改性木薯淀粉的制备及其对焦化废水絮凝效果研究

目的 合成可生物降解的炼焦废水絮凝剂-羧甲基淀粉(CMS),并对其絮凝效果进行研究.方法 用ClCH2COOH对木薯淀粉(St)进行改性,采用乙醇作为溶剂,分两步合成CMS.结果 实验结果表明,改性木薯淀粉较佳制备条件:nSt(M=162)∶nClCH2COOH=1∶1,n NaOH∶n(ClCH2COOH)=2.5∶1,碱化温度35 ℃,醚化温度50 ℃.获得改性木薯淀粉处理焦化废水工艺条件,在淀粉取代度为0.37,投入量为50 g/L废水,反应温度为40 ℃,搅拌时间为10 min,静置时间为30 min时,处理效果最好,对焦化废水浊度去除率高达79.5 %以上.结论 改性木薯淀粉对焦化废水浊度有明显降低效果,但用量大(50 kg/m3废水)和对于废水中的CODCr去除率低依然需要深入研究.     

用柠檬酸法改性锰矿及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

以Cu2+为模拟污染物,研究了柠檬酸法改性锰矿制备重金属离子吸附剂的实验条件及其吸附性能.结果表明:m(柠檬酸)∶m(TR)为1∶20时,H2SO4浓度为0～3 mol/L,随H2SO4浓度的增大吸附率-pH曲线向左移动,pH50由5.2降低到2.6;H2SO4浓度为3 mol/L,m(柠檬酸)∶m(TR)分别为0,1∶100,1∶50,1∶20时,pH50分别为3.8,3.0,2.5,2.6;pH=5.5条件下,m(柠檬酸)∶m(TR)=1∶50的柠檬酸改性锰矿对Cu2+的饱和吸附量增大到35.97 mg/g.     

桔绿木霉产木聚糖酶固体发酵条件研究

对桔绿木霉(Trichoderma citrinoviride)XE-13产木聚糖酶发酵条件进行优化.采用单因素法,研究固体发酵条件下最适培养基组成、料水比以及培养温度、培养基初始p H、培养时间、接种量等条件对产酶的影响.确定培养基组成为:碳源(m(麸皮)∶m(玉米芯)=4 g∶6 g);氮源(NH_4)_2SO_4;碳∶氮=(m(C)∶m(N)=1 g∶0.05 g);料∶水=1 g∶1.5 mL.最适合的培养条件为:培养温度30℃、培养基初始pH值6.0、培养时间72 h、接种量1.0×10~7个/mL孢子悬液/培养基干料=0.3 mL/10 g.在此条件下,木聚糖酶活力可达391.5 U/g.     

赤泥-海藻酸钠水凝胶对水中Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附性能

以赤泥和海藻酸钠为原料，采用交联反应的方法制备赤泥-海藻酸钠水凝胶(RMSA)。通过批量实验考察溶液初始pH、吸附温度、吸附时间、初始浓度以及多元重金属体系对RMSA吸附Pb(Ⅱ)效果的影响，并结合XRD、FTIR和SEM-EDS表征分析，研究其对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性。实验结果表明，拟二级动力学吸附模型和Langmuir吸附等温模型能够更好地描述RMSA对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附过程，该吸附过程属于单分子层化学吸附。在pH=6,温度为25℃,吸附时间为900 min, Pb(Ⅱ)初始浓度为30～900 mg/L的最佳条件下，RMSA对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大理论吸附量为454.54 mg/g。RMSA在多元重金属体系吸附实验中对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附更具选择性。分析表明，离子交换是RMSA吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的主要机理。此外，RMSA经过5次循环实验仍能保持较高的吸附性能，在经济适用性方面具有较好的应用前景。     

合成纳米锰钾矿去除废水中Cd2+的实验研究

利用合成纳米锰钾矿去除模拟废水中Cd(Ⅱ),研究不同去除反应条件对废水中镉离子去除率的影响.结果表明:合成纳米锰钾矿对水溶液中Cd2+的去除平衡时间约为2h;在Cd2+质量浓度为50mg·L-1、溶液初始pH=6.50、反应温度25℃、处理剂粒径96～120μm、每升模拟废水中投加2g合成纳米锰钾矿时,平衡后Cd2+去除率为90.6%.当Cd2+质量浓度不高于300 mg·L-1时,吸附等温线近似符合Langmuir模型,合成纳米锰钾矿最大理论吸附量为120.5mg·g-1.纳米锰钾矿对于Cd2+的去除是表面配位吸附、静电吸附、离子交换三种模式共同作用的结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.