石油跨国投资决策多层次灰色综合评价模型

经济发展的全球化和国际化从宏观上要求我国经济加入世界经济大循环。在石油企业跨国经营实践中 ,对外投资决策是最复杂、最富有挑战性的环节。从系统论的角度出发 ,定性与定量相结合 ,提出了一种投资决策方法 ,建立了多层次灰色综合评价模型 ,利用该模型对 3个海外投资项目进行了实际评价。     

ANN技术评价技改项目成功度的尝试

将人工神经网络（ANN）技术应用于工程项目的成功度评价，采用前馈式网络和反向传播算法，利用其自学习、自适应的特点建立了评价模型，从而确定项目投资决策水平所处的等级。该方法经济、高效，在一定程度上克服了项目投资决策中的主观性。     

J市工业经济增长的定量分析

本文从系统整体性出发,分析了J市工业系统的结构和功能。采用Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型,计算和评价了1980—1986年工业经济增长中的技术进步作用和结构因素作用,并根据资源优化配置原理建立了全市工业投资决策模型。所得结论可供有关部门参考。     

我国火电企业投资决策影响因素评价方法及模型研究

本文建立了火电企业投资决策影响因素的层次体系，对我国火电企业投资决策影响因素的评价方法和模型进行了研究，通过多层次分析法分析各影响因素的相对重要性，建立多层次分析模型，通过计算的权重，判断出各因素对于最优化投资决策影响的强弱．     

电信投资决策的模糊综合评价模型

在电信投资决策评价的传统方法中对模糊因素的评价一般采用定性的描述,无法采用定量的比较。给出了电信建设投资决策的一种模糊综合评价模型,探讨了投资决策的经济性评价中相关因素的定量比较。     

试论投资决策技术的动态方法在包装企业中的应用

分析讨论了投资决策技术的动态方法 ,并提出了包装企业投资决策的经济理论模型。通过实例论证了动态投资决策技术在包装企业中投资决策中的可行性。     

模糊综合评价方法在房地产投资决策中的应用

从市场风险、金融风险、技术风险、政策法律风险和不可抗力风险等角度建立了房地产项目风险综合评价指标体系,并运用层次分析法与模糊评价法结合的思路,提出了房地产投资决策模糊综合评价模型,并用其进行了实例分析。     

经济约束条件下新钻井经济界限模型

在经济约束条件下新钻井经济界限主要体现了投资决策要求.提出了投资、油价和成本决定新钻井经济界限,并且经济界限本身是依据科学方法制定的在一定经济条件下衡量油田或区块能否满足投资要求尺度的观点.以此为基础,借用现金流量法基本模式,新建立了经济约束条件下新钻井单井增加可采储量和新井初期产量经济界限求解模型,并进行了实例计算,计算结果符合现场实际.新方法的建立突破了传统的以油藏具体条件反求经济条件的评价类研究方法,对投资决策具有指导意义.     

EVA在项目投资预算中的应用研究

企业通常使用贴现现金流模型作为投资决策的工具,编制投资预算,导致项目投资预算和业绩评价脱节;经济增加值(EVA)贴现模型和贴现现金流模型具有等价性。该文探讨了使用EVA编制投资预算,以投资预算中的EVA作为业绩目标考核经理业绩,实现投资预算和业绩评价的结合;在实际应用中,根据项目风险特征改进EVA模型,可以有效地避免业绩评价指标产生的激励扭曲问题。     

R＆D项目技术升级投资决策实物期权的研究

针对研发项目的高度不确定性使得传统的评价与决策方法不再适用于R＆D项目的投资决策问题，采用生产函数中的技术效率参数描述技术水平．并考虑投资成本对技术升级水平的影响，建立技术升级阶段实物期权投资决策模型，求解了技术升级的最优投资时机和实物期权价值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.