基于平均矩阵元法的RBF网络降水预报模型

针对径向基神经网络(RBF NN)的隐节点数难确定的问题,提出了一种基于相似矩阵确定RBF网络隐层节点数的新方法。采用基于输入输出全部信息的模糊相似矩阵的平均矩阵元法自适应确定隐节点数。建立自动确定隐节点数、中心、宽度、权值等网络参数的RBF网络降水预报模型,对广西5月的平均日降水量进行仿真实验,结果表明,该方法确定的隐节点数,网络规模较小,模型切实可行,在预报性能上明显优于同期的T213(中国气象局的全球中期天气数值预报产品预报值)降水预报,可为RBF神经网络隐节点数确定提供新思路,在降水预报上有一定的参考价值。     

超大能力超细全尾砂长距离自流输送临界流速ELM预测

 为准确预测司家营铁矿超大能力超细全尾砂浆体长距离管道自流输送的临界流速,对比传统的BP 神经网络、支持向量机(SVM),建立了以管道直径、物料平均粒径、浆体体重和体积浓度为输入因子,临界流速为输出因子的极限学习机(ELM)预测新模型。研究结果表明,ELM 模型与SVM 模型的相对误差均控制在5%以内,远低于BP 神经网络模型的9.56%。由于隐层节点参数均随机选取且无需调节,使得ELM 算法在隐层节点数为110 和200 时,训练时间仅为0.02 s 和0.05 s,远少于同节点状态SVM 模型的0.04 s 和0.095 s,且隐含节点数越多,训练时间差距越大,运算效率越高。     

模糊神经网络中长期负荷预报研究

采用动量法、自适应学习率和异变换函数对BP算法进行改进,并通过模糊神经网络对中长期负荷进行预测,还针对BP算法中隐层节点难以确定的不足,大胆采用预测误差曲面方法,使隐层节点个数选择具有科学的依据,算法计算表明,采用模糊神经网络提高了预测精度。     

基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络及其应用

针对输入变量相关性较高的非线性建模模型,经典模糊神经网络算法存在收敛速度缓慢、模糊规则数大、陷入局部最小值的问题。提出一种基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络模型;该模型基于聚类思想,构建多变量高斯模糊隶属度函数,将其表示为不可分离的模糊关系来处理相关变量模型;再采用LM优化算法,通过Hessian矩阵和一阶梯度向量同时调整网络参数;并引入Cholesky定理缩减网络参数个数。应用LM算法的模糊神经网络模型实验结果表明,可以加快收敛速度、减少模糊规则数,比经典的模糊神经网络有更好的预测精度。     

基于BP神经网络的电解加工精度预测模型

为精确地预测电解加工精度,采用了BP神经网络的方法进行建模．在分析影响加工精度主要因素的基础上,确定了BP神经网络模型的特征参数,并根据实际情况,确定了输入层和中间隐层的维数,从而确定了模型的结构．用试验参数对模型结构进行训练,最终建立了一个用于电解加工精度预测的BP神经网络模型．利用该模型进行的精度预测结果表明,该模型的预测误差可以控制在10％以内,具有很高的精度预测能力．     

基于量子粒子群-径向基神经网络模型的风速预测

风速预测对风电场和电力系统的运行都具有重要意义.为了提高风速预测的精度,提出了一种基于量子粒子群-径向基神经网络模型,在确定网络隐含层节点数后,将RBF网络的参数编码成优化算法中的粒子个体进行优化,在全局空间搜索最优适应值的参数.用优化后的神经网络进行风速预测,实例结果表明该算法在预测速度和精度上都得到了提高.     

免振捣粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度的神经网络预测

为了解决免振捣粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度预测问题,采用BP神经网络方法通过免振捣粉煤灰混凝土不同配合比训练网络预测其抗压强度,对于BP网络的隐层节点属于不确定层,采用三层结构的BP网络.但隐含单员个数仍未知。在实验过程中将隐含层的神经单元个数作为一个参数试验,结果表明BP神经网络的隐层节点数目对预测精度有较大影响。通过分析得出采用BP神经网络对免振捣粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度预测是可行的。     

AFSs-RBF神经网络模型在轻亚黏土地震液化判别中应用研究

以自适应模糊系统AFSs为基础,运用径向基高斯函数RBF所建立的AFSs-RBF神经网络模型能够同时容纳模糊系统的推理功能和自适应性,动态调节隐节点数即模糊规则教,具有广泛的适用性.将这种模型应用于轻亚黏土地震液化评价中,选择震中距、上覆有效应力、黏粒含量、标贯击数、地下水位、循环应力比等6个与地震和场地条件有关的影响因子作为网络输入参数,对于轻亚黏土场地的液化势判别具体地建立了模糊神经网络模型AFSs-RBF.以唐山7.8级地震中天津某地区的轻亚黏土液化数据为训练样本,经验证和应用表明,这种AFSs-RBF网络具备更高的自适应性和非线性映射能力.     

一种改进的BP算法在工程造价预测中的应用

针对在神经网络中得到广泛应用的BP算法难以确定隐节点个数的缺点,提出了一种动态调整隐节点数的改进的BP算法,以恰当确定隐节点数。在收集相似工程有关资料的基础上,考虑物价波动的影响,应用上述算法对工程造价进行预测。算例结果表明：该方法所得的工程造价预测值精度令人满意,具有应用价值。     

基于遗传算法和改进Elman神经网络的股价预测

针对Elman神经网络在股价预测中存在网络结构的隐节点个数难以确定和网络训练极易陷入局部解的不足,以未来两天股票最高价作为预测对象,采用改进Elman神经网络结构.以辨识更高阶的动态系统;同时又利用遗传算法优化该神经网络的初始连接权和确定网络隐节点个数,从而解决上述网络在股价预测中的不足,并在遗传进化计算过程中采用保留最佳个体的策略,进行预测建模.结果表明这种模型对股价的预测精度较高,具有一定可行性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.