葡萄糖酸钠与二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺复配对碳钢缓蚀性能的影响

将葡萄糖酸钠（SG）、二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺（DMAPMA）及其复配体系应用于循环冷却水中碳钢的缓蚀。通过失重法、电化学法分别测试了SG、DMAPMA单独使用和复配使用的缓蚀性能。通过光学显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和分子动力学模拟,探讨了缓蚀机理;通过计算协同参数（S）来衡量SG和DMAPMA协同效应的强弱。结果表明,当体系的总质量浓度为100 mg/L时,复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀率可达到95%以上,当复配缓蚀剂含有50 mg/L SG和50 mg/L DMAPMA时缓蚀效果最好。SG和DMAPMA复配使用具有良好的缓蚀协同作用,可以相互促进吸附,使得其在钢片表面形成致密的保护膜。     

Na_2WO_4与BTA复配对碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用交流阻抗法和极化曲线法来研究环境友好型缓蚀剂钨酸盐和苯并三氮唑(BTA)、ZnSO4、D-葡萄糖酸钠等的复配对碳钢的缓蚀效果。研究发现,当缓蚀剂总浓度为5×10-4mol/L时,钨酸盐和BTA复配摩尔比为2∶1时缓蚀效果最好,当配方中含有4mg/LZnSO4,其缓蚀效果有一定增加;再加入10mg/LD-葡萄糖酸钠后缓蚀效果明显增加。     

天然海水中氨基酸复合缓蚀剂对黄铜缓蚀性能的研究

采用动电位极化和交流阻抗法测定海水环境中L-半胱氨酸及赖氨酸对黄铜试样的缓蚀性能，然后将这两种氨基酸分别与葡萄糖酸钠复配，研究其缓蚀协同作用。结果表明：单独使用L-半胱氨酸及赖氨酸，缓蚀效率最高分别为87.5%和89.93%；与葡萄糖酸钠复配后，两组复合缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能均显著提高，缓蚀效率分别达到97.35%和98.62%；两种氨基酸缓蚀剂在黄铜表面的吸附均遵从Langmuir吸附等温线。葡萄糖酸钠的加入弥补了单独使用氨基酸缓蚀剂吸附膜致密性差的缺陷，另外扫描电镜实验结果也显示缓蚀剂的加入明显抑制了金属的腐蚀。     

Na2WO4与BTA复配对碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用交流阻抗法和极化曲线法来研究环境友好型缓蚀剂钨酸盐和苯并三氮唑(BTA)、ZnSO4、D-葡萄糖酸钠等的复配对碳钢的缓蚀效果.研究发现,当缓蚀剂总浓度为5×10-4 mol/L时,钨酸盐和BTA复配摩尔比为2∶1时缓蚀效果最好,当配方中含有4 mg/L ZnSO4,其缓蚀效果有一定增加;再加入10 mg/L D-葡萄糖酸钠后缓蚀效果明显增加.     

Ce(Ⅲ)盐与葡萄糖酸钠在3.5%NaCl溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用失重法和动电位极化曲线法研究Ce(NO3)3、葡萄糖酸钠及其复合物在3.5% NaCl溶液中对碳钢腐蚀的抑制作用,用扫描电镜(SEM)对膜进行表征.结果表明:单独的Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠对碳钢均为阴极型缓蚀剂,且缓蚀效率均随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但缓蚀效率并不高.不同比例的Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠之间均存在明显的协同作用,缓蚀效率约为90%;碳钢在含Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠复合缓蚀剂的3.5% NaCl溶液中浸泡24h后表面形成了致密完整的保护膜.     

二氧化氯体系中碳钢缓蚀剂的研制及性能研究

研制了一种二氧化氯体系中的碳钢缓蚀剂。用静态失重法、电化学方法研究了A。3在质量分数为200×10^-6二氧化氯溶液中的电化学性能及加入缓蚀剂后对A3钢的缓蚀作用。几种研究方法结果一致表明：0．20g的GL与0．15mL的HEDP复配能使A3钢腐蚀率降低,腐蚀程度从重度腐蚀减轻到轻度腐蚀。此复配缓蚀剂的研究,对于碳钢在二氧化氯体系中的应用具有实际价值。     

吐温-80与硫脲对A3型钢在含氯乙酸介质中的初期缓蚀协同

尝试从较为环保且常规的缓蚀剂中选取2种复配,在用量较小的前提下提高缓蚀率,并解释它们的协同机理,进一步发掘复配型缓蚀的理论基础.用失重法研究室温下Cl-在乙酸介质中的最大腐蚀腐蚀浓度.通过Tafel极化曲线、电化学阻抗、扫描电镜等方法研究单独缓蚀和复配缓蚀的机理以及金属表面的形貌变化.单独实验表明:常温下氯离子质量浓度为600 mg/L时对冷轧钢的腐蚀率最大.氯离子质量浓度为600 mg/L的20%乙酸介质中,硫脲和吐温-80的缓蚀率都较低.而复配结果表明:硫脲质量浓度为2 mg/L,吐温-80质量浓度为400 mg/L时达到最大缓蚀率约70%.     

新型咪唑啉化合物的合成及缓蚀性能测试

合成了一种新型取代基咪唑啉化合物IM ,经复配后得到新型咪唑啉缓蚀剂IMC。用电化学和失重法测试了缓蚀剂IMC在强酸性介质中的缓蚀性能。在多种腐蚀介质中的缓蚀效果测试结果表明 ,该缓蚀剂可适用于酸性腐蚀介质 ,并具有很好的防腐效果 ,其缓蚀率在 92 %～ 98%     

混合表面活性剂对油酸乙酯增溶能力的研究

本文研究了非离子表面活性剂吐温85与吐温80,吐温40,吐温20复配对油酸乙酯的增溶能力。並研究了在吐温85 吐温80温合液中加入有机醚对增溶油酸乙酯的影响,结果表明:当吐温85与吐温80,40,20复配后,均使油酸乙酯增溶量增加。尤其吐温85与吐温80复配后使油酸乙酯增溶量增加更显著,若当在其中加入适量有机醚可使增溶量进一步提高。     

新型咪唑啉化合物的合成及缓蚀性能测试

合成了一种新型取代基咪唑啉化合物IM，经复配后得到新型咪唑啉缓蚀剂IMC。用电化学和失重法测试了缓蚀剂IMC在强酸性介质中的缓蚀性能。在多种腐蚀介质中的缓蚀效果测试结果表明，该缓蚀剂可适用于酸性腐蚀介质，并具有很好的防腐效果，其缓蚀率在92％－98％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-