基于形态学和提升小波的心电信号去噪方法研究

心电信号是一种典型的微弱信号,含有大量噪声,还具有强烈的非线性和非平稳性.针对传统小波计算量大,很难同时将心电信号中高频和低频噪声去除的问题,提出一种结合形态学与提升小波阈值去噪的算法,通过形态学滤波器去除信号的低频噪声,提升小波阈值去噪法去除信号中的高频噪声.经过对MIT-BIH心律失常数据库中的心电信号进行仿真,结果表明,结合形态学算法与提升小波去噪算法的去噪方法,能同时有效去除信号中的低频和高频噪声,提高了心电信号的质量.     

广义S变换及在地震波形处理中的应用

为解决标准S变换中高斯窗口不能随信号的特点而改变的问题,引入广义S变换方法,推导广义S变换公式,使用Matlab语言编写计算程序,对地震面波和背景噪声数据进行了降噪处理.与去噪前的信号进行比较,研究结果表明:利用广义S变换降噪方法在处理地震波形时能很好地去掉信号中的低频噪声,有效信号更容易分辨出来.广义S变换能根据信号特征改变高斯窗口大小,从而更好反映信号和噪声特征,提高信号降噪的效果.     

基于复合稀疏去噪的沙漠地震噪声消减

沙漠地震噪声既含有低频噪声又含有高斯白噪声,一般方法很难同时去除这两种噪声,针对此问题提出了使用复合稀疏去噪同时压制沙漠地震噪声中的低频噪声和高斯白噪声的方法。在复合稀疏去噪中将平方损失作为损失函数的保真度约束,将信号和信号一阶导数的 L1 范数作为损失函数的稀疏约束,然后通过最小化损失函数去除信号中的高斯白噪声。为同时去除低频噪声,复合稀疏去噪中联合使用了低通滤波器,即可一次性去除低频噪声和高斯白噪声。分别对模拟地震数据和实际地震数据进行仿真实验,实验表明该方法可有效地同时压制沙漠地震数据中的低频噪声和高斯白噪声,复合稀疏去噪的保幅略好于带通滤波器,去噪后带通滤波器会产生较严重失真,而复合稀疏去噪的失真较小。     

基于中性集合与双边滤波的NSCT域声呐图像去噪

声呐设备在获取水下图像时，由于海底混响、散射回波和设备等因素，会产生严重的斑点噪声干扰，降低图像质量.为了克服这一挑战，提出基于中性集合与双边滤波的非下采样轮廓波变换声呐图像去噪.该方法探索了一种适合处理非下采样轮廓波变换分解的高频子带噪声的聚类去噪方法，将中性集合域作为聚类的方法应用在每一层高频子图像，用真子集、不确定集和假集表示，实现分离噪声，保留有效信息；再使用双边滤波去除真子集中被误认为是图像信息的噪声；对低频系数使用双边滤波进行平滑.最后将处理后的低频子带与高频子带进行NSCT重构，达到从图像中去除斑点噪声的目的.实验表明，本文方法能够提高图像视觉效果，改善图像均方误差、峰值信噪比等评价指标，同时也适用于去除高密度噪声.     

基于密度聚类与灰度变换的NSST域声呐图像去噪

传统图像去噪方法在去除声呐图像斑点噪声的同时,难以有效保留细节特征.针对该问题,提出一种基于密度聚类与灰度变换的非下采样剪切波域图像去噪方法 .利用非下采样剪切波变换将含噪图像分解为高频系数和低频系数,根据声呐图像中斑点噪声的分布特性,采用基于密度的噪声应用空间聚类（Density-based Spatial Clus...     

大庆油田喇嘛甸地区转换波地震资料中十字排列去噪方法研究

如何去除面波,突出有效信号,前人已做过大量研究工作。目前工业应用的面波去噪方法主要是频率空间域的分频去噪法,但该方法在实际资料处理中较难取得理想的效果。针对此问题,对喇嘛甸油田3D3C地震资料,变换数据的观测系统,按炮线、检波线方向抽取十字排列的三维地震数据,在三维频率波数域内进行面波去除研究应用。结果表明:该去噪技术能够在不损害有效信号的前提下较好地去除面波,使资料信噪比有较大提高,从而在整体上大大地提高了地震资料处理的精度。     

利用天然源面波法进行地基勘探的应用研究

在我国城市发展过程中,需要详细了解城市的地下地基或地层信息,部分常用的工程地球物理方法受到地面或地下各种干扰的影响,不能满足精度要求.天然源面波技术采集的是自然信号,随机信号源的干扰相对较小,更受到勘探工作者的青睐.数据采集选用了由10个4.5 Hz的低频检波器组成的等边三角型阵列模式进行观测,共计40个测点,由大量微动信号中抽取面波的频散特性,根据面波的频散现象,求出不同频率的地震波的传播速度,通过不同深度反射的面波速度差异,以此探测地下各层的弹性参数,借此进行地层划分,为解决相关地质和城市地下检测问题提供更多真实可靠的参考资料.     

基于小波变换的自适应阈值微震信号去噪研究

针对矿山微震信号中所包含的随机噪声对微震监测和微震源的准确定位存在着严重干扰的问题，根据前人的研究成果，在分层阈值上增加分层自适应因子，提出一种新的分层自适应阈值方法.该方法根据矿山微震有效信号的低频特性，利用分层自适应因子，将高频部分的噪声信号最大限度地去除，提高矿山微震信号的信噪比;同时，最大程度地保留低频部分的信号.通过实际数据与分层阈值的对比，验证了该方法的有效性与优越性.     

基于波原子变换的语音信号去噪

波原子转换是在小波转换的基础上扩展出的一种转换方式,由于语音信号的非平稳性,传统的小波阈值去噪算法虽然能够去除一部分语音信号中的噪声,但造成有用语音信号尤其是清音部分的损失,导致去噪后的语音听觉质量下降,达不到很高的信噪比。针对这一问题,该文利用了波原子变换法对语音信号进行去噪,通过相同阈值下小波去噪后的效果,该方法能有效去除信号中的噪声和较好保留语音细节,达到更佳的语音净化效果。     

基于变分模态分解的相关能量熵自适应阈值去噪

为有效抑制噪声对地震数据的影响,根据地震信号的时频特性,提出了基于变分模态分解的相关能量熵阈值去噪方法。采用变分模态分解算法将地震信号分解为频率由高频到低频且具有一定带宽的模态分量,计算各模态分量与地震信号的规范化相关系数,实现对各模态分量中的有效信息和噪声的定位。将去除有效信息的各模态分量分成若干子区间,分别计算各子区间的噪声能量熵,选取能量熵最大区间的模态分量系数作为该分量的噪声方差获得该分量的阈值,再将经阈值处理后的各模态分量重构得到去噪信号。通过对合成地震模型和实际地震信号进行去噪处理,并与直接去除高频分量的变分模态分解去噪方法进行了对比,结果表明,该方法能在强噪声环境下更有效地提取地震信号中的有效成分,提高信噪比。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.