A novel photoluminescent and photochromic europium complex

A ternary europium complex of 4-aminobutyric acid (ABA) with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) [Eu₂(ABA)₄ (phen)₄](phen)₄(ClO₄)₆ was synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The result shows that 4-aminobutyric acid exists in zwitterion form in the binuclear complex and that the carboxylates coordinate with Eu³⁺ ion in bidentate bridging and tridentate chelating-bridging modes. There are two types of phen molecules, one is coordinated and the other is uncoordinated. When excited by YAG︰Nd laser with 355 nm light, the title complex can emit strong red fluorescence, and its high-resolution emission spectrum was recorded at 77 K. The Eu³⁺ ion site is in low symmetry, which is in agreement with the result of X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. When irradiated with a mercury lamp, the aqueous solution of the title complex can perform photochromism with the color change from colorless to green and the green color can fade away in the dark. The photochromic response time is related to the concentration and pH of the solution, the temperature and the light intensity.     

CFD simulation of fluidization quality in the three-dimensional fluidized bed

Multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become an alternative method to experimental investigation on predicting the fluid dynamics in gas-solid fluidized beds. The model of Brandani and Zhang, which contains additional terms in both the gas- and solid-phase momentum equations, is employed to explore homogenous fluidization of Geldart type A particles and bubbling fluidization of Geldart type B particles in three-dimensional gas-fluidized beds. In this model, only a correlation for drag force is necessary to close the governing equations. Two kinds of solids, i.e., fine alumina powder (d_p=60 μm and ρ_p=1500 kg/m³) and sand (d_p=610 μm and ρ_p=2500 kg/m³), are numerically simulated in a rectangular duct of 0.2 m (long) ×0.2 m (wide) ×0.5 m (high). The results show good agreement with the classic theory of Geldart.     

碲镉汞吸收缘以上E1和E2峰的指认

The fundamental reflectivity spectrum of HgCdTe have been investigated.The feature of the spectra is the presence of E₁ and E₂ peaks in the fundamental absorption region.The lower energy peak can be split into a doublet (E₁ and E₁＋Δ₁）.A three-dimensional saddle point is used to fit the E₁ and E₁+Δ₁ critical point and some simulated calculation is done for E₂ at X point.The calculated results are compared with the measured results and prominent features of the dielectric spectra are identified with critical-point transitions at the Λ and X points in the Brillouin zone.     

Novel sintering behavior of polystyrene nano-latex particles in filming process

Filming process of polystyrene nano-latex (NPS) particles was studied by a combination of various methods. For a constant annealing time of 1 h, the AFM images showed that the deformation and sintering temperatures for NPS particles were ca. 90℃ and 100℃ respectively. In spin-lattice relaxation measurements of solid state NMR, it is found that T_1L, T_1S and I_1L/I₀ increased significantly after annealing at 90℃ and above. DSC results showed that there was an exothermic peak near T_g after annealing for 1 h at the selected temperatures below 95℃; otherwise, the exothermic peak disappeared after annealing at 100℃ or above. The apparent density of NPS increased suddenly in the temperature range. The results implied that the macromolecules in NPS particles are in a confined state with higher conformational energy and less cohensional interactions which are the drive force for the sintering at a lower temperature compared with the multichain PS particles and the bulk polymer.     

Expression, purification and characterization of the soluble CuA domain of cytochrome c oxidase ofParacoccus versutus

The key subunit Ⅱ of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) contains a soluble binuclear copper center (Cu_A) domain. The Cu_A domain of Paracoccus versutus was cloned, expressed, purified and characterized. The gene encoding the Cu_A domain in pET11d vector was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The results showed that the Cu_A domain was expressed mostly in inclusion bodies and the Cu_A domain protein synthesized in E. coli cells represents approximately 10 percent of the total cellular proteins. Dissolved in urea, dialyzed and recombined with Cu⁺/Cu²⁺ and purified by the Q-sepharose fast flow anion-exchange column and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column, the soluble purple-colored protein, which shows a single band in electrophoresis, was obtained. The UV-visible absorption spectrum of Cu_A domain showed that there are intense band at 478 nm and a shoulder peak at 530 nm, and two weak bands at 360 and 806 nm respectively, which can be assigned to the charge transfer and the interactions of obitals of Cu—S and Cu——Cu in the mixed-valence binuclear metal center (Cu₂S₂R₂). The far-UV CD spectrum indicated that this domain is predominantly in β-sheet structure. The fluorescence spectra showed that its maximal excitation wavelength and maximal emission wavelength are at 280 and 345 nm, respectively.     

The characteristics of CO2 assimilation of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in transgenic PEPC rice

With PEPC, PPDK, NADP-ME and PEPC+ PPDK transgenic and untransformed rice (Orysa sativa L.), the activities of related C₄ photosynthesis enzymes, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, CO₂ exchange and other physiological indexes were compared, in which the physiological characteristics of PEPC transgenic rice were mainly studied. The results were as follows: (ⅰ) The activities of PEPC in PEPC transgenic rice were 20-fold higher than those in untransformed rice; the light-saturation photosynthetic rates and the carboxylation efficiency of PEPC transgenic rice were increased by 55% and 50% more than those of untransformed rice, respectively, while the CO₂ compensation point decreased by 27%. (ⅱ) The PSⅡ photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and photochemical quenching (q_P) of transgenic PEPC rice decreased less in comparison with those of untransformed rice after the treatment with high light intensity (3 h) or methyl viologen (MV), a photooxidative reagent, which demonstrated that the tolerance of PEPC transgenic rice to photoinhibition and photooxidation was enhanced. (ⅲ) Under the condition of high light intensity, the activity of RuBPCase in PEPC transgenic rice did not obviously vary while the activity induced of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in PEPC transgenic rice increased by 1.8 fold. These results would provide some beneficial enlightment for revealing the mechanism of high photosynthetic efficiency and breeding with high photosynthetic efficiency in rice.     

The Relationship Between Stress Ratio and Strain Incremental Ratio in Saturated Soil and Mine Tailing

Based on the consolidated-drained tri-axil compression tests in saturated Q₂ and Q₃ loess, saturated silt clay and saturated mine tailing, the relationship between stress ratio and strain increment ratio in these materials, whose bonding stress σ₀(σ₀=c.ctgφ) is not equal to zero, is studied. The results indicate that the relationship between stress ratio and strain incremental ratio in these materials is still a linear relation on the extended moblized plane. When the stree-strain relationship is the weak hardening, the relationship between stress ratio and strain incremental ratio shows the straight line with two different slopes. When stress-strain relationship in these materials is the hardened, the relationship between stress ratio and strain incremental ratio is one straight line. The consolidated stress and density have no effect upon this linear relationship.     

Correlation between aggregation structure and tailing mineral crystallinity

Direct reduction is an emerging technology for the utilization of refractory iron ore. With this technology, iron oxides in the ore can be reduced to recoverable elemental iron. The structure of granular aggregates in direct reduction products was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that iron is mainly generated as a shell in the outer edge of the aggregates. The thermal conductivity of the iron shell is higher than that of other minerals. Thus, minerals close to the iron shell cool faster than those in the inner shells and do not crystallize well. These minerals mainly become stage 2 tailings. Hence the XRD intensity of stage 2 tailings is lower than that of stage 1 tailings. When iron is mainly generated in the interior of the aggregates, the crystallinity of stage 2 tailings will be higher than that of stage 1 tailings. This indicates that the crystallinity of tailings can be used as a marker for the aggregate structure.     

Valance electron structure of carbide-diamond interface and catalytic mechanism for diamond synthesis under high-pressure and high-temperature

The metallic films surrounding a synthetic diamond formed under high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) in the presence of Fe-based and Ni-based catalysts were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was showed that the carbide was the primary carbon source for the nucleation and growth of diamond. Based on the EET (empirical electron theory in solid and molecules) theory, the valence electron structure of interface between carbide (Fe₃C, Ni₃C, (Fe, Ni)₃C) and diamond was calculated using the bonding length difference (BLD) method. The boundary criterion of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Cheng (TFDC): “the electron density being equal on the contacting surfaces of atoms” was applied to analyze the valence structure of carbide-diamond interface. The result based on the calculation valance electron structure is in good accordance with the experimental result. This study is very helpful to reveal the catalytic mechanism of diamond nucleation and growth and design the new catalyst for diamond synthesis.     

析提高灌浆防火效果的途径

本文从浆液输送时阻力与动力的匹配，泥浆灌注后在采空区中的分布以及浆材对泥浆分布的影响等方面对黄泥灌浆效率不高、防火效果不好进行了分析。得出要提高灌浆的效率必须有合理的动力与阻力匹配，要提高灌浆的效果，就必须在保证浆材质量的前提下，以合理的灌浆方式和合理的灌浆量来保证灌浆质量，从而达到灌浆应具有的效果。图３，表１，参１。     

相似技术动作程序教学在体操教学中的运用研究

根据体操技术动作的内在规律，编制相似技术动作教学程序，把要学习和掌握的动作技能置于教师的控制下，使教学过程的顺序性、经济性、实效性均达到最佳程度．     

西河沿岸植被与河岸的治理

西河位于南充市西郊,是嘉陵江的一条支流,近几年来,由于缺乏管理,污染极其严重。为综合治理西河,我们对河岸陆生维管植物及其生境进行了调查,并进而提出了对河岸治理的相应措施,供治理西河参考。     

超晶格中电子透射共振的机理

本文阐明了在超晶格中电子透射共振的机理，并将它与晶格中电子共振散射作了详细的比较，其理论计算的结果对超晶格某些原子层和分子层以及极薄的半导体层结构的研究都有重要意义，并为设计一种新型的放大率很高的量子放大器——透射共振量子放大器提供了理论计算的依据．     

市场经济下企业情报信息的分析和开发

本文通过对企业情报信息概念的确立,阐述了企业情报信息的流向和内容,以及在产生企业情报信息时的随机性和在市场经济中企业情报信息竞争性特有的形式和含义,提出了如何将在企业生产经营活动中产生的无序的情报信息有序化,和在获取企业情报信息激烈的竞争中及时掌握有用的企业情报信息。进而讨论了建立企业情报信息系统,全方位地搜集企业内,外部的情报信息,使企业情报信息为企业决策提供依据,在市场经济中发挥它的功效。     

圆杆的颈缩研究

本文研究弹塑性圆棒的颈缩,材料被认为是可压缩的。运用有限变形理论。获得了分岔荷载。     

线性空间的分解与若当标准形

本文证明了下面两点:(1)设A 是n×n 矩阵,那么A 相似于(?)为若当块矩阵,它仅有一个特征值和一个线性无关的特征向量.(2)者|λI-A|=(λ-λ_1)~(r_1)-(λ-λ_2)~(r_2)…(λ-λ_3)~(r_3),其中λ_1,λ_2,…,λ_3两两不同,那么dimN(A-λI)~(r(?))=r_(?)(i=1,2,…,8)其中Ⅳ(A-λ_1I)~(r(?))={α|α∈U~n,(A-λI)~(r(?))·α=0}.U~n 是n 维列向量.     

脉冲星的周期变化与地壳运动

本文研究脉冲星的周期变化与地壳运动的关系,指出:(1)由地震引起的板块运动和板内运动会影响观测到的脉冲星的脉冲周期的变率,特别是一些周期变率较小的脉冲星,这种影响将产生显著的观测效应;(2)分析现代脉冲星的观测资料,有助于研究板块结构,板块运动和地震预报.     

元素的结构分析与元素周期律的不规则性

本文通过对元素周期系中,各元素的结构分析,很方便地找到了对元素的不规则性的解释。