中国太行山数种花蟹蛛记述(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

记述中国太行山5种花蟹蛛,其中博氏花蟹蛛Xysticus bohdanouiczi sp.nov.,盾形花蟹蛛X.peltiformus sp.nov.和平山花蟹蛛X.pingshan sp.nov.为新种;莱普花蟹蛛X.lepne Utochkin,1968和细纹花蟹蛛X.lineatus(Westring,1851)为中国新记录种.     

中国花蟹蛛属(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)1新种

记述采自河北省的蟹蛛科花蟹蛛属1新种:近莽花蟹蛛Xysti cus audaxoides sp. nov..模式标本保存于河北大学生命科学学院,文中测量单位:mm.     

中国花蟹蛛属（蜘蛛目：蟹蛛科）1新种记述

记述采自云南蟹蛛科Thomisidae花蟹蛛属Xysticus蜘蛛1新种：大理花蟹蛛Xysticus dali sp．nov．。模式标本保存于大理学院生命科学与化学学院,文中测量单位：mm。     

中国花蟹蛛属2新纪录种记述(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

记述了首次发现分布于我国的2种花蟹蛛:南西伯利亚花蟹蛛Xysticus austrosibiricus LogunovMarusik,1998和内尼利花蟹蛛X.nenilini Marusik,1989.标本保存于河北大学博物馆.文中所有测量单位为mm.     

中国峭腹蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

记述了采自贵州省道真县河坝的蟹蛛科峭腹蛛属一新种,命名为河坝峭腹蛛 Tmarus heba sp. nov..     

我国卷蟹蛛属(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)—新种

本文记述采自浙江三门的蟹蛛科卷蟹蛛属一新种,定名为三门卷蟹蛛Thomisops sanmen sp.nov.卷蛛属为我国新纪录属。     

河北坝上地区花蟹蛛属2中国新纪录种记述(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

记述了首次发现分布于中国的2种花蟹蛛:伯曼氏花蟹蛛(Xysticus bermani Marusik,1994)和斯氏花蟹蛛(X.sjostedti Schenkel,1936).标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

八斑球腹蛛的生物学特性

八斑球腹蛛(Theridion octomacutatum Boes．et six．)是节肢动物门(Arthropoda)蛛形纲(Amchnida)蜘蛛目(Arcneida)球腹蛛科(Theridum)动物．幼蛛期四龄,雌蛛一生交尾一次,多次产卵,护卵习性强．在鄂南地区八斑球腹蛛一年之内发生完整六个世代,幼蛛和成蛛均能越冬,八斑球腹蛛的生活习性介于结网和游措蜘蛛之间,是农作物害虫的重要天敌,有一定的利用价值。     

中国狂蛛类平腹蛛

狂蛛类平腹蛛是平腹科中一个非正式类群,其特征是第三、四足后跗节远端腹面有一个由细刺排列组成的清理梳.本文记述中国平腹蛛科类4属25种:狂蛛属17种,近狂蛛属6种,粗狂蛛属和尾狂蛛属各1种.文内对属和种的鉴别特征均有简要描述,并附外雌器和触肢图,以利读者鉴别.文中还对这类蜘蛛的地理分布也增补了新的资料.     

香港蜘蛛一新属二新种（平腹蛛科,圆鄂蛛科）

记述采自香港的二种蜘蛛：１．平腹蛛科Ｇｎａｐｈｏｓｉｄａｅ的胡氏香港蛛，新属新种，２；圆颚珠科Ｃｏｒｉｎｎｉｄａｅ的普氏膨颚蛛，新种，香港蛛属为一新属，膨颚蛛属为我国新记录属。     

天河机场夏季鸟类生态研究

通过对天河机场附近5 种生境的11 条样带考察,记录到夏季鸟类59 种,分属13 目32科.东洋种31种(52.5% )、广布种12 种(20.3% )、古北种16 种(27.2% );夏候鸟25 种(42.4% )、留鸟24 种(40.7% )、旅鸟10 种(16.9% ).最重要鸟类为普通燕鸥(1.367 只/hm 2)、池鹭(0.484 只/hm 2)和棕背伯劳(0.338 只/hm 2);广性分布的有池鹭、普通燕鸥、黑卷尾等22 种;种间遇见率为0.838.     

Analysis of RAPD and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences from Trichiurus lepturus and Eupleurogrammus muticus in the Yellow Sea

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique is applied to 12 individuals from each species of the hairtail fishes Trichiurus lepturus and Eupleurogrammus muticus in the Yellow Sea. The percentage of polymorphic sites, degree of genetic polymorphism and genetic distance are compared and the phylogenetic tree is constructed by Neighbor-joining method. The partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene is amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR products are directly sequenced after being purified. These sequences, together with the homologous sequences of another Trichiuridae species Lepidopus caudatus obtained from GenBank, are used to analyze nucleotide difference and to construct a UPGMA phylogenetic tree by means of biological informatics. Analysis shows: (1) the RAPD technique is a highly sensitive method for investigating genetic diversity in T. lepturus, and E. muticus. T. lepturus exhibits a lower polymorphism and genetic diversity than E. muticus; (2) according to the analysis of the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences, a very low intraspecific variation and considerably high divergence among species were found, which reveals a dual nature of conservatism and variability in mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene; (3) five primers generate the species-specific RAPD sites and these sites can be served as the molecular markers for species identification and (4) it can be proved at DNA variation level that T. lepturus and E. muticus are of two species respectively pertaining to different genera, which supports the Nelson taxonomic conclusion.     

广西野生蔬菜资源的特点及其开发利用

广西野生蔬菜共１７０种,６４科,分别占广西植物种、科总数的２．０３％和２２．２２％;十字花科（Ｃｒｕｃｉｆｅｒａｅ）（１２种）、菊科（Ｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔａｅ）（１６种）、禾本科—竹亚科（Ｇｒａｍｉｎｅａｌ－Ｂａｍｂｕｓｏｉｄｅａｅ）（１２种）共有４０种,占野菜种数的２３．５３％;苋科（Ａｍａｒａｎｔｈａｃｅａｅ）（８种）、仙人掌科（Ｃａｃｔａｃｅａｅ）（８种）、百合科（Ｌｉｌｉａｃｅａｅ）（６种）、蓼科（Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎａｃｅａｅ）（６种）共有２８种,占野菜种数的１６．４７％;有３５个科的野菜仅１种。全区均有分布的野菜有４９科、８４种;分布于桂南的野菜有８科、１２种,分布于桂北的野菜２４科、６８种。１７０种野菜中,木本３６种,占２１．１８％,归属于１４科;草本１２７种,占７４．７０％,归属于４６科;藤本７种,占４．１２％,归属于５科;以整株、茎、叶、花为主要食用部位的（合占８４．１２％）多收采于春夏,而以果实、种子和根为主要食用部位的（合占１５．８８％）多收采于秋冬。不同种类野菜,其营养价值差异很大。一些野菜的某种营养成分的含量远高于栽培蔬菜,有的还含有栽培蔬菜中所没有的特殊营养成分和药用成分。     

中国扇山属两新种记述(蜻蜓目:山科)

记述贵州省扇山(虫,忽)属2新种,模式标本保存在浙江自然博物馆昆虫标本室.褐带扇山(虫,忽)Rhipidolestes fascia sp.nov图1-7.正模♂,贵州省赤水沙椤自然保护区.18-Ⅴ-2000;配模♀,副模10♂,8♀,采地与采期同正模.李氏扇山(虫,忽)Rhipidolestes lii sp.nov图1-7正模♂,贵州省习水国家级自然保护区,8-Ⅵ-2000;副模2♂,采地与采期同正模.     

安徽省淡水蚌类初步调查

为了解安徽省辖区淡水蚌类资源及其种类分布,利用徒手捕捞或（和）机动船拖网的方法采集安徽省辖区各地不同水域的蚌类,参考有关文献进行种类鉴定.从安徽省辖区16个城市采集蚌类3 007只,经鉴定共有12种,隶属于1科10属.优势种为圆顶珠蚌、洞穴丽蚌和短褶矛蚌.研究结果表明安徽省淡水蚌类资源丰富,但是不同地区的种类分布存在差异,应采取积极的保护措施.     

广东省鳞伞属的种类记述

本文根据Smith和Hesler(1968)的分类系统,对近年来发现于广东地区的16种鳞伞属种类作一记述。其中5个新种(另文发表),9个国内新纪录。     

新疆棉藓属(Plagiothecium B.S.G.)植物的分类及新记录

棉藓属Plagiothecium是棉藓科(Plagiotheciaceae)中仅有的代表属,全世界约90种。我国记录16种、6变种和1变型。根据在全疆范围内收集及采集的60号标本的鉴定和近20年来前人有关新疆棉藓属的记录,现已知新疆共有棉藓属植物4种,其中3种为新疆首次记录:包括圆条棉藓Plagiothecium cavifolium(Brid.)Iwats.、棉藓P.denticulatum(Hedw.)Schimp.、小叶棉藓P.latebricola Schimp.。文中列出了分种检索表,并对各种作了主要特征描述。     

广东南澳岛苔藓植物物种组成及区系成分分析

通过对广东省南澳岛苔藓植物的采集,以及对702份标本的鉴定,首次报道了南澳岛苔藓植物的物种组成和地理区系成分特点。经研究发现：1）南澳岛共有苔藓植物108种,其中苔类13科15属16种,藓类21科40属92种;2）南澳岛苔藓植物丛藓科为第一大科,含7属16种;3）泛热带（总种数占比20.37%）、东亚（18.52%）、北温带（16.67%）为南澳岛苔藓植物三大区系成分;4）南澳岛藓类植物物种组成和区系成分大体符合岭南地区热带特征,也与人为干扰强烈的地区有一定程度的相似之处;5）南澳岛苔藓植物主要的生境类型为石生、土生、石面薄土,分别占比31.59%,22.27%,16.93%;6）南澳岛苔藓植物样地群落多受基质、海拔、湿度、郁闭度的共同影响,其中海拔、湿度影响较大;7）南澳岛苔藓植物物种组成与周围岛屿相似度不高,可能是受水体隔离影响较大所导致的。     

An rpoB gene-based PCR-DGGE method for simultaneous detection of multiple Vibrio species

Using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) targeting the RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB) gene, a simultaneous detection method for Vibrio species was established. rpoB gene-based PCR-DGGE was carried out with eight Vibrio Reference strains (each from different species), mixed sample (including these Vibrio Reference strains),two non Vibrio strains, four environmental Vibrio strains, and three unidentified environmental strains. For comparison, 16S rRNA gene-based PCR-DGGE of the eight Vibrio Reference strains was performed with universal primers. In addition, three unidentified strains were identified by 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequencing and API20E system in order to confirm the accuracy of rpoB gene-based PCR-DGGE detection. Results revealed that rpoB-based PCR-DGGE could well discriminate eight Vibrio Reference strains and could not discriminate different strains within the same species. The bands derived from two non Vibrio strains could not match with any bands in Reference marker. Meanwhile, 16S rRNA gene-based DGGE failed to distinguish these Reference strains. Furthermore, four out of eight Vibrio species exhibited heterogenous bands in 16S rRNA gene-based DGGE. Sequencing and API 20E identification of unidentified strains coincided with the detection by rpoB gene-based PCR-DGGE. The results demonstrated that rpoB-based PCR-DGGE provided a rapid and efficient method for simultaneous detection of multiple Vibrio species, which can avoid the limitations inherent in 16S rRNA gene-based PCR-DGGE.     

湖北神农架自然保护区土壤中的暗色丝孢菌I.(英文)

采用土壤平板法和稀释平板法,自湖北神农架自然保护区的14份土壤样品中分离得到40个暗色丝孢菌分离物,鉴定为16属23种。其中,湖北弯孢Curvularia hubeiensis为一新种,嗜热革节孢Scytalidium thermophilum和禾色串孢Torula graminis为中国新记录种。对新种及中国新记录种作了详细的描述。其余20种为国内已报道种。所有研究菌株的干制培养物标本与活菌种均存放在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。