Effects of diatoms on reproduction and growth of marine copepods

Two hot spots in marine ecology, deleterious effects of diatoms and feeding selectivity of copepods, as well as new progress on these two issues achieved in the recent ten years, are reviewed. These two issues are considered correlated closely. Diatoms and their metabolites can induce deleterious effects on growth, reproduction and development of copepods, including increase of mortality and decrease of egg production, hatching and growth rates. Such negative effects, resulting from either chemical toxin or nutritional deficiency, can be conquered in natural environments by diverse feeding. It is therefore concluded that deleterious effects of diatoms observed in laboratory or during blooming period are only a special case that accommodation of feeding strategy of copepods is disabled. To understand their feeding strategy in natural environments is a prerequisite to explaining the mechanisms of deleterious effects caused by diatoms, and makes it possible to re-evaluate the energy flow in marine ecosystems.     

Broadcast Scheduling Strategy Based on the Priority of Real-Time Data in a Mobile Environment

Data broadcast is an important data dissemination approach in mobile environment. On broadcast channel, scalability and efficiency of data transmission are satisfied. In a mobile environment, there exists a kind of real-time database application in which both the transactions and data can have their timing constraints and priorities of different levels. In order to meet the requirement of real-time data disseminating and retrieving, a broadcast scheduling strategy HPF-ED F (Highest Priority First with Earlier Deadline and Frequency) is proposed under the BoD (Broadcast on Demand) model. Using the strategy, data items are scheduled according to their priority the transaction imposed on them or system set for them. The strategy also considers other characteristics of data items such as deadline and popularity of data. The extensive simulation experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results show that it can achieve excellent performance compared with existing     

Broadcast Scheduling Strategy Based on the Priority of Real.Time Data in a Mobile Environment

Data broadcast is an important data dissemination approach in mobile environment. On broadcast channel,scalability and efficiency of data transmission are satisfied. In a mobile environment, there exists a kind of real-time database application in which both the transactions and data can have their timing constraints and priorities of different levels.In order to meet the requirement of real-time data disseminaring and retrieving, a broadcast scheduling strategy HPF-ED F (Highest Priority First with Earlier Deadline and Frequency) is proposed under the BoD (Broadcast on Demand) model. Using the strategy, data items are scheduled according to their priority the transaction imposed on them or system set for them. The strategy also considers other characteristics of data items such as deadline and popularity of data. The extensive simulation experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results show that it can achieve excellent performance compared with existing strategies.     

Optimal Ordering Policies for Large-scale Retail Enterprises

For Chinese domestic commercial trade,especially when the suppliers want to sell their products by the large-scale retail enterprises,the suppliers often are required to pay the admission fee or to provide trade credit,owing to their own interests,the retailers will choose between the admission fee strategy and the trade credit strategy.Based on the EOQ framework,the algorithm of making choice between the admission fee strategy and the trade credit strategy provided by the suppliers to minmize the retailers＇ cost was given.Finally,the algorithm is stimulated with a numerical example.     

Data Integration Strategy for Database Grids Based on P2P Framework

The differences between the data integration of a dynamic database grid （DBG） and that of a distributed database system are analyzed, and three kinds of data integration strategies are given on the background of DBG based on Peer to Peer （P2P） framework, including the centralized data integration （CDI） strategy, the distributed data integration （DDI） strategy and the filter-based data integration （FDDI） strategy. CDI calls all the database grid services （DGSs） at a single node, DDI disperses the DGSs to multiple nodes, while FDDI schedules the data integration nodes based on filtering the keywords returned from DGSs. The performance of these three integration strategies are compared with and analyzed by simulation experiments. FDDI is more evident for filtering the keywords with data redundancy increasing. Through the reduction of large amount of data transportation, it effectively shortens the executing time for the task and improves its efficiency.     

Study on relaxation oscillation of Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped phosphate glass optical waveguide laser

Based on the principle and fabrication of the optical waveguide laser, and through the configuration of the energy level of Er^3＋/Yb^3＋. co-doped system, the time-dependent rate equations are formed and then solved by Runge-Kutta algorithm. The dynamic characteristic of the waveguide laser pumped unidirectionally by 980 nm LD is analyzed. The curves of the relaxation oscillation are drawn, showing that the photon number and inverted population vary alternately. The attenuation characteristic of the peak power is studied. It is gained that time constant changes with pump power, length of waveguide and the reflectivity of output mirror. Furthermore, the impact of the above three parameters on the frequency and end-time of relaxation oscillation is discussed. The frequency of relaxation oscillation is proportional to the pump power. Under high reflectivity conditions, the length of waveguide has a weak impact on the frequency. The end-time decreases as the three parameters increase. These features and results provide a theoretical basis for designing the Er^3＋/Yb63＋. co-doped phosphate optical waveguide laser.     

Some effects of interface on fluid flow and heat transfer on micro- and nanoscale

The interfacial effects on flow and heat transfer on micro/nano scale are discussed in this paper. Different from bulk cases where interfaces can be simply treated as a boundary, the interfacial effects are not limited to the interface on a microscale but could extend into a significant, even the whole domain of the flow and heat transfer field when the characteristic size of the domain is close to the mean free path （MFP） of the carriers inside an object. Most of microscale thermal phenomena result from interfacial interactions. Any changes in the interactions between the object and boundary particles, such as the force between fluid and solid wall particles, microstructure of interfaces, could affect thermal properties, flow and heat transfer characteristics and hence change thermal conductivity, velocity and temperature profiles, friction coefficient and thermal radiative properties, etc. The properties of nanostructure or flow and heat transfer features of fluid in micro/nanostructures not only depend on themselves, but also on the interaction with the interface because the interface impact can go deep inside the flow. The same fluid, same channel geometry but different wall materials could have different flow and heat transport characteristics on microscale.     

The Dynamic Evaluation of Enterprise''''s Strategy Based on Rough Set Theory

This paper presents dynamic evaluation of enterprise's strategy which is suitable for dealing with the complex and dynamic problems of strategic evaluation. Rough Set Theory is a powerful mathematical tool to handle vagueness and uncertainty of dynamic evaluation. By the application of Rough Set Theory, this paper computes the significance and weights of each evaluation criterion and helps to lay evaluation emphasis on the main and effective criteria. From the reduced decision table, evaluators can get decision rules which direct them to give judgment or suggestion of strategy. The whole evaluation process is decided by data, so the results are certain and reasonable.     

The impacts of biofuels on food security and supply in China

Biofuels are the current promising alternative to fossil fuels. However, the fluctuating food prices caused by oil price led to critics to biofuels. The paper surveyed biofuels production and grain production and consumption demand, and come to the conclusion that there was a little impact of corn ethanol on international food price, and there was no impact on China＇ s food prices. China has launched non-food biofuels development strategy to use marginal lands for growing hard crops, such as sweet sorghum, tuber crops, and switchgrass etc. to produce biofuels without any impact on food security in the future.     

The Impact of Nanocomposite Materials on Lithium Ion Batteries

1 Results Lithiumion batteries have become the power source of choice for consumer electronic devices such as cell phones and laptop computers due to their high energy density and long cycle life. In addition,lithium-ion batteries are expected to be a major breakthrough in the hybrid vehicle field.Despite their successful commercial application,further performance improvement of the lithium ion battery is still required.Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies can lead to a new generation of lithium secondary batteries.Here we present recent progress on nanocomposite materials and nanotechniques in our studies for anode materials of lithium rechargeable batteries.     

中国社会消费品零售总额的预测模型

用自回归、移动平均、自回归移动平均模型(ARIMA)拟合分析2002年1月到2008年8月中国社会消费品零售总额,建立预测消费品零售总额的疏系数乘积季节模型,并用该模型预测2008年6~10月的社会消费品零售总额和2009年月度消费品零售总额.模型预测误差率都在0.03以内,估计值与真实值吻合,拟合效果能达到预期的目的.     

基于小波分析的全国社会消费品零售总额时间序列预测

选取2003年1月到2010年3月的全国社会消费品零售总额数据,运用小波分析及Mat-lab,SPSS软件,分析了中国近几年社会消费品发展的变化趋势,用小波方法对原始数据进行消噪、阈值化处理后进行重构,使得消噪后数据更能反映其本质及变化规律,用ARIMA时间序列模型进行建模预测,并作出了实证分析.     

基于消费者策略行为的高新技术产品定价模型研究

随着技术更新速度的加快和市场竞争的加剧,厂商经常会采取降价促销的手段刺激高新技术产品的销售。久而久之,消费者自然形成一种等待厂商进一步降价的习惯。文章主要考虑基于消费者策略行为下,厂商实施的动态定价策略。讨论在需求不确定的条件下,厂商在面对消费者策略行为时,如何决定最优价格策略,以获得最大化利润。     

消费者情绪对物价波动影响的分析

用代表性消费者假设,建立了一个两期的经济模型,从消费者非完全理性的角度出发,分析了消费者情绪在过度乐观和过度悲观的情况下,消费者的消费行为对通货膨胀的影响。结果表明：过度乐观的消费者情绪会使得消费者增加当下的消费量并且会引起物价的上涨;而过度悲观的消费者情绪会使消费者减少当下消费量导致物价下跌。     

我国社会消费品饮食类零售总额的预测模型研究

文章运用时间序列乘积季节模型。在SPSS系统下对我国2004年1月至2009年12月共72个月份的社会消费品饮食类零售总额进行实证分析,从模型识别、参数估计、适应性检验和实际拟合4个方面确定了无常数项的统计预测模型,并对模型的预测效果进行检验,结果分析表明,该模型能较好地反应零售总额的变化规律．     

关于我国社会消费品零售总额的分析与预测

运用时间序列分析的方法,借助SAS软件对我国2000 年1 月份到2007 年12 月份社会消费品零售总额进行了分析与预测,得出了比较准确的结果,为有关部门做出正确的决策提供了有力的理论依据.     

超越顾客满意培养顾客忠诚

介绍了培养顾客忠诚的意义,论述了顾客满意、顾客信任和顾客忠诚的含义,提出了培养顾客忠诚的几点建议。     

基于数据挖掘的SP企业后继发展策略研究

运用数据挖掘技术中的关联规则,对某SP公司的业务数据进行了深入分析,得出了用户量与消费指数之间的正相关趋势,并结合实践中的经验,对公司的后继发展提出了相应对策．     

基于消费者购买行为趋势的企业营销策略探讨

在以消费者为中心的市场营销活动中,企业要在掌握和了解我国消费者购买行为及其发展趋势的基础上,有针对性地制定适应消费者的营销策略,即从影响消费者行为的经济因素、文化因素、心理因素入手,通过合理的产品定价、突出产品的人文内涵和准确的产品定位使企业在竞争中占据有利地位,赢得更多的市场机会。     

Socially responsible donation decision analysis in a supply chain under government subsidy

As an important form for firms to demonstrate social responsibility, socially responsible donation (SRD) is becoming increasingly widespread and attracting more attention. It is important to encourage firms to effectively undertake social responsibilities and improve social welfare. Recently, it has become very popular for firms to demonstrate their social responsibility through SRD campaigns. With the aim of solving the decision-making problem of a retailer-led socially responsible supply chain considering government subsidy, this study established a three-stage Stackelberg game model. By analyzing the impact of pricing and donation decisions on operations and management, either with or without government subsidy, we found that to achieve better performance, retail firms will choose to implement donation activities. However, it is not the case that the higher the donation, the better the performance. In addition, there is a gap: without government subsidy, social welfare is not optimal when members’ performance in the supply chain is maximized, and more donations are needed to maximize social welfare. This study proves that government subsidy can encourage supply chain members to generate more donations, while improving the performance of the supply chain and social welfare. We propose an optimal subsidy rate to eliminate the gap and maximize social welfare. We also analyze the impact of external parameters, including the cost parameter and consumer preference level, on the equilibrium results. Finally, we extend this research to provide management insights for businesses under uncertain market sizes and centralized decision-making scenarios.