微穿孔板结构声反射与吸收特性的实验和应用

依据马大猷教授的微穿孔板基本理论，在对微穿孔板吸声结构完成吸声理论计算的基础上，进行参数选择并设计了微穿孔吸声反射板的结构，用于新建的阶梯教室和体育馆中．同时，分析了这种微穿孔吸声反射板结构在阶梯教室中的声反射和声吸收性能、经现场测试与主观评价，证明了此方法对阶梯教室和体育馆音质效果控制的有效性和可行性，     

有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体吸声特性研究

基于声有限元数值方法研究了有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体的吸声特性.首先,建立了该类单层微穿孔板吸声体的有限元数值模型,并采用等效电路法对其准确性进行了验证.然后,基于已验证的仿真模型讨论了有限大背腔单层微穿孔板吸声体的斜入射吸声性能,以及背腔宽深比对其扩散场吸声系数的影响规律.结果显示,在正入射条件下,单层微穿孔板吸声体的吸声性能主要受到有限大背腔非切向模态的影响,而在斜入射条件下,主要受到切向模态的影响;不同入射角度的声波会激发有限大背腔不同的切向模态,从而改善单层微穿孔板吸声体的高频吸声性能;调整背腔宽深比能有效控制单层微穿孔板吸声体扩散场吸声系数曲线高频吸声峰的位置,并且存在最佳宽深比使其同时具有较高的吸声系数和较宽的吸声频带.本文可为噪声控制工程和室内声学设计提供有用的参考.     

微穿孔板吸声体的某些问题及计算机辅助设计

为使马大猷教授提出的关于微穿孔板吸声结构和吸声体的精确理论能够在生产实践中得到迅速而广泛的应用，本文进行了这方面的计算机辅助设计，并对其中的某些问题，如结构参数与吸声特性之间的相互影响及高声强环境下微穿孔极吸声体的设计特点等，进行了较为深入的分析和探讨．     

角锥吸声体布置方式对吸声性能的影响分析

本文分析了角锥吸声体不同布置方式对声吸收效果的影响，结果表明，分散棋格布置方式可获得较好的技术和经济效益。     

基于超构材料设计吸声降噪结构的研究进展

噪声污染是重要的环境问题,研究如何设计吸声结构以降低环境中的噪声一直是一项富有挑战性的课题。相比于传统材料,超构材料因其低频吸声的突出优势,成为目前设计研究的热点。首先介绍2种主要的声学吸收机制：声学黏滞性理论和热传导理论。在此基础上,阐述了吸声结构的基本设计分析方法,包括阻抗分析方法、数值计算方法以及实验方法,其中阻抗分析方法主要介绍了阻抗匹配理论和复频率平面分析方法。接着,根据目前吸声结构的设计研究现状进行分类,深入介绍基于超构材料设计的研究进展,讨论了其实际应用和可能的发展方向,最后从结构设计、工作频带、结构尺寸、吸声效果方面对基于超材料的吸声结构进行了总结,并分析了其在实际应用和不同工况下面临的挑战。     

透明微穿孔膜构造的吸声性能测量

为了研究微穿孔膜墙面吸声结构和空间吸声体的声学特性，在混响室中对8组墙面吸声体与7组空间吸声体的宽频带吸声系数进行了测量，以探讨吸声体的构造与其声学特性之间的关系．测量数据表明，微穿孔膜墙面吸声构造和空间吸声体具有良好的声学性能．该测量数据可以直接应用于实际声学工程，也可以用来与理论计算进行比较研究．     

空间有源声吸收的理论研究

理论研究了空间有源声吸收问题．从声场和能量的角度出发，通过理论分析，本文给出了空间声场中单极子、偶极子和四极子所能达到的最大消声量及为此而须满足的条件，并且分析了其吸声性能，指出了各自的空间吸声方位角．通过分析高阶次级源结构，概括了一维多极子源的吸声条件和吸声性能。由于一维多极子源结构存在空间吸声方位角，本文发展了多维次级源结构，可对空间内任何方向入射来的声波进行声吸收。分析中没有涉及初级声源，因此所得结果具有普遍性。     

烧结金属纤维多孔材料的高温吸声性能

以烧结金属纤维多孔材料为研究对象,对其在不同温度（20～500℃）和温度梯度（-2．4℃／mm,＋4．05℃／mm）作用下的吸声性能进行了理论计算和分析．应用双传声器传递函数法原理,设计并搭建了多孔金属材料高温吸声性能实验的测试装置,对材料在不同温度点下的吸声性能进行了实验测试,初步验证了理论计算的正确性．研究表明,采用参考温度法能够较好地计算温度较低时的材料吸声性能,温度的变化对多孔金属材料表面声阻抗率具有显著影响．当存在温度梯度场作用时,应重视温度梯度对多孔金属材料总体吸声性能的影响,在一定条件下,负温度梯度可以提高材料的吸声性能,而正温度梯度可使材料吸声性能趋于降低．     

空间吸声体吸声性能的研究

本文研究并实验了目前常用的四种装饰材料对吸声体吸声性能的影响，在同等表面积、等量相同的吸声材料、空腔体积依次增大、侧面边数增多的条件下，不同形状吸声体的吸声特性，以及吸声体底面面积，空腔体积和吸声系数的关系；研究并实验了声源是否固定，传声器带不带防风罩对测试结果的影响。     

对预测教堂内早期声能量衰变的延时耦合空间模型的改进

采用脉冲激励响应的方法对两种不同类型的教堂早期声能量衰变过程进行了研究．结果表明，在Barron模型中耦合效应比声源与接收点的距离影响更大．文中还提出了延时耦舍空间模型．将几何声学引入统计声学来检测扩散场条件，同时通过对声音从声源传播到每个扩散场子空间的延时，修正了关于脉冲宽度的初始条件．基于耦合空间的理论预测与实际测量结果较为一致．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.