加热温度对高速钢铸轧薄带中共晶碳化物形态的影响

研究了退火加热温度对高速钢双辊铸轧薄带中共晶碳化物形态的影响·试验结果表明,随着加热温度的提高,铸轧薄带中的网状共晶碳化物陆续熔断,粒状碳化物逐渐增多·当加热温度达到950℃后,铸轧薄带中的网状共晶碳化物基本上被粒状碳化物所取代·用汤普森弗瑞锥其(ThompsonFriedrich)方程,对试验结果进行了分析,并得出共晶碳化物层片间距的减小为高速钢铸轧薄带中的共晶碳化物的熔断和球化提供了条件·     

影响冷轧DP590组织性能的连续退火工艺

为确定最优的退火工艺制度,对某钢厂冷轧DP590钢种连续退火工艺进行模拟试验,对该钢种在不同退火温度、快冷速度、过时效温度工艺条件下的组织和性能进行分析.结果表明:800℃退火时双相钢组织中马氏体比例为10％～15％,得到理想的双相钢的性能和组织;冷速提高可获得强化效果明显的板条马氏体,快冷段冷却速度在2(25℃/s时材料具有综合的性能指标;过高的过时效温度,发生贝氏体转变过时效温度为260～290℃可获得较为理想的组织和性能.     

ZG230-450钢中魏氏组织的形成及其对力学性能的影响

本文采用不同的加热温度和冷却方式,对ZG230-450钢中魏氏组织的形成规律进行了研究,结果表明,无论奥氏体晶粒粗细,只要冷却速度适宜就会产生魏氏组织,这是一种正常的组织转变。同时,还探讨了魏氏组织对ZG230-450力学性能的影响,认为魏氏组织的存在可有效的细化铁素体和珠光体晶粒,提高钢的综合力学性能。     

一种提高GCr15钢冷冲模具使用寿命的新工艺

1前 言 我们根据GCr15钢冷冲模具的服役条件,进行了GCr15钢高温固溶和循环加热淬火双细化工艺试验,分析对比了不同的工艺参数及热处理效果,并在生产中进行了验证。2 试验材料及方法2.1试验用钢及冶金质量 试验用GCr15钢化的化学成分如表1,冶金质量见表2,原始组织为球化退火组织。表1 试验用钢的化学成分化学元素CCrSiMnSP含量（%）1.041.620.240.280.0040.009表2 冶金质量检查球状珠光体碳化物不均匀性非金属夹杂物网状带状氧化物硫化物点状2级<2级<2级1级1.5级1级2.2热处理工艺2.2.1工艺A: 预处理是将φ16×15mm试样加热至104…     

35SiMnMoV钢软化机理的研究

用系统试验方法确定了35SiMnMoV钢软化退火工艺。该工艺应用于生产效果良好,钢的珠光体转变最短孕育期对应的工艺温度约620℃。两小时以内完成扩散型相变。     

T10A钢锻造后的预处理工艺

本文主要介绍了T10A钢锻造以后的预先热处理工艺方法.结果表明,通过提高锻造以后的冷却速度,可以有效的细化珠光体基体组织,抑制网状二次渗碳体的析出,有效的细化渗碳体颗粒,同时,可适当降低球化退火时的加热温度,减少保温时间,降低生产成本,提高生产效率.     

超高强度冷轧双相钢组织与性能

在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上进行冷轧超高强度双相钢的连续退火工艺研究,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和拉伸试验研究了连续退火过程中各个参数对1 000 MPa级冷轧双相钢组织性能的影响.结果表明:试验用钢在退火温度800℃下保温80 s,可以得到抗拉强度为1030MPa、延伸率为14%超高强双相钢;随着退火温度的升高,屈服强度和抗拉强度降低.当退火温度为830℃时,显微组织中粒状的非马氏体组织明显增多.过时效温度低于300℃时,屈服强度和抗拉强度变化不大;当过时效温度超过300℃时,抗拉强度急剧下降,屈服强度先降低后升高,在过时效温度为360℃时开始出现屈服平台.     

高速单颗磨粒磨削机理的研究

进行了单颗磨粒高速磨削45钢、20Cr钢和典型难磨材料钛合金TC4和GH4169高温合金的试验·试验结果表明,对于45钢和20Cr钢,高速条件下单颗磨粒磨削的比磨削能显著低于比熔化能·发现了国外一些学者提出的钢铁材料的最低比磨削能约束于材料比熔化能假设的例外·高速磨削四种材料均表现出尺寸效应·采用高速磨削,对改善磨粒的切削状态,降低比磨削能是非常有利的·在磨削钛合金TC4和高温合金GH4169时,易发生金属粘附·锆刚玉磨削钛合金TC4比磨削高温合金GH4169的粘附严重·高速下金属粘附作用减轻·     

对86CrMoV7大型冷轧辊预备热处理工艺的研究

对86CrMoV7冷轧辊用钢进行了锻后正火、等温球化退火、去H退火的试验研究，研究了轧辊的预备热 处理工艺对冷轧工作辊组织的影响，加热温度和时间对组织的影响。结果表明，适宜的预备热处理工艺为：950 ± 10℃正火，等温球化退火温度790±10℃，去氢退火温度660～690℃。     

碲在铸钢中的作用

作者对普通中碳钢ZG35和低合金钢25MnV进行了加Te试验,借助扫描电镜等手段进行分析,探索碲对铸钢组织与性能的影响规律,结果发现Te能加大铸钢凝固时的过冷度,使中碳钢中珠光体量增多,片间距减小,25MnV钢中在铸态下出现上贝氏体组织。碲能细化晶粒,遏制魏氏铁素体的生成。含Te铸钢的硬度值大幅度提高,加Te后会在基体组织中生成大小为5μm左右的MnS+MnTe球状共生物,从而改善钢的切削加工性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.