红外辐射烟火剂研究

该文针对3～5μm和8～14μm波段,以Ba(NO_3)_2-Mg-C_(42)H_(48)O_7和PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)-Mg-C_(42)H_(48)O_7为基础配方,开展了配方组成、质量流率、燃烧温度对红外辐射烟火剂辐射强度影响的试验研究,并讨论了有关试验结果。文中指出PTFE是3～5μm和8～14μm波段都具有较高辐射强度的良好氧化剂,而可燃物C对于具有选择性辐射的富燃配方不能显著提高3～5μm和8～14μm波段的辐射强度;提高质量流率达一定程度后有效辐射率则下降;高温对提高近红外辐射强度适宜,但对远红外不可取。     

辐射板强化喷管换热与红外抑制效果试验研究

试验研究了在发动机喷管中加装金属辐射板前后,喷管壁面温度、热喷流温度与喷管红外辐射特征的变化。结果表明,加装金属辐射板后,热喷流与喷管壁面之间的热量传递显著增强,热喷流中心温度降低,壁面温度明显升高,在90°方向上,热喷流3～5μm波段的红外辐射强度降低了38.5%。文中从热喷流、喷管壁面以及金属辐射板等相关部件的温度变化情况对红外辐射强度的变化原因进行了解释。      

光纤面阵可见光吸收/红外辐射性能实验研究

介绍了一种用于红外动态场景生成的新型可见光/红外图像转换器芯片.采用离子刻蚀工艺制作芯片的吸收辐射膜,其可见光波段吸收率可以达到98.5%以上,3～5μm波段的红外发射率可以达到0.73,8～12μm波段的发射率达到0.82.测试证明,此吸收辐射膜完全满足红外图像转换芯片的应用要求.     

非氧化物晶体应用于长波红外光源的研究进展

中红外波段包括3～5μm中波红外和8～12μm长波红外2个重要大气窗口,在国防、激光通信、环境监测以及医疗诊断等诸多领域有着广阔的应用前景.高性能的相干光源是上述应用领域发展的基础.非线性光学频率变换技术是实现相干中红外高效输出的一种有利方法,非线性晶体是这类光源的核心部件.非氧化物晶体对5μm以上波段具有较高的透射率和较高的非线性系数等优点,是中红外光源的重要增益介质.总结了基于非氧化物晶体的中红外相干光源(特别是5μm以上的长波红外光源)的研究现状,比较了不同种类非氧化物晶体的优缺点和应用发展潜力,有利于为长波红外光源性能的优化和改进提供设计方案,并对基于非线性频率变换方法的中红外光源的未来发展前景做了展望.     

10.6μm红外膜系制备工艺研究

采用真空镀膜法,在半导体晶片GaAs衬底上制备红外增透和增反光学薄膜,研究了Si滤光片对镀膜工艺的影响以及10.6μm增透膜系和10.6μm增反膜系的透射特性.结果表明,Si滤光片可以有效地消除单色仪二级以上光谱对镀膜工艺的影响,是一种理想的红外监控光的滤光片.监控光波长的修正值△λ约为原波长的2.5%～3%时,是制备该红外光学薄膜的较佳的条件.     

脉冲氙灯光学特性及对PbS探测器光饱和失效研究

实际测试了某型高压脉冲氙灯的光谱特性及其在可见光和近红外波段的辐射强度,测得其闪光强度可达1.3×107 cd,闪光持续时间平均约0.2 ms,在0.8～3.2 μm波段的红外辐射强度达1.16×107 W/sr.并以此脉冲氙灯作为模拟强闪光光源,在实验室内研究了PbS红外探测器在强闪光作用下的行为,实测得到了PbS探测器的光饱和阈值为6.79×10-4 W/cm2.还讨论了PbS探测器在强闪光作用下的饱和失效时间,以及闪光光源对探测器的有效作用距离等.     

巡航导弹蒙皮红外辐射特性的反向蒙特卡罗法模拟

采用反向蒙特卡罗法,在考虑了大气衰减和大气辐射的影响下,计算了导弹在空间不同视角下(8—14)μm波段内的红外辐射强度及分布。结果表明:大气衰减对亚音速导弹红外辐射强度的衰减作用强。随着海拔高度的增加大气衰减的影响越来越小;降低蒙皮发射率可以有效的降低蒙皮红外辐射强度,但对于亚音速导弹,大幅减小蒙皮发射率。由于大气辐射的影响,导弹表面红外辐射强度减小的效果并不如预期的好。     

磷烟的红外消光特性

磷烟在可见光波段具有优良的消光性能。实验测定磷烟在1～3μm、3～5μm、8～14μm 的红外波段,其消光系数分别是1.22m~2/g、0.25m~2/g,0.28m~2/g。实验测定的消光能力与根据Mic 理论计算的值相一致.     

人体穴位红外辐射光谱特征

用PHE201体表红外光谱仪进行了一系列人体体表红外辐射光谱的检测，发现了人体红外辐射光谱在2—3μm与黑体辐射差别较大，说明人体表面存在热致红外辐射外的其他红外辐射．正常人与冠心病人左侧内关穴归一化红外辐射强度在1．5—3．7μm波段有明显差异性．通过与ATP水解反应过程中释放的红外光谱比较推测可以用能量代谢解释2—3μm处的峰值．用激光照射肥大细胞可引起肥大细胞脱颗粒现象，说明中医灸法和激光穴位照射可引起肥大细胞脱颗粒而产生生理效应．     

装甲车辆红外热像模拟及数据前后处理技术

该文建立了装甲车辆在不同状态、不同的地理条件和不同的气象条件下的温度理论模型以及在８－１２μｍ红外波段下的红外辐射强度计算模型，编制了与上述模型要关的数据前后处理软件，对于检验理论模型的正确性和装甲车辆红外模拟软件的深度开发及应用具有重要价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that