Me-MCP作直接甲醇燃料电池阴极催化剂

分别制备合成了碳载5-单羧基-10,15,20-三苯基钴卟啉(CoMCP)、铁卟啉(FeMCP)、锰卟啉(MnMCP)、铜卟啉(CuMCP)和镍卟啉(NiMCP)复合催化剂,并通过线性电势扫描法研究该复合材料对氧还原的电催化性能和抗甲醇能力.结果表明:MnMCP对氧还原有较高的电催化活性,其氧还原起始电位为0.513V,催化性能最好;其他金属复合材料按照CoMCP,FeMCP,CuMCP顺序降低,而NiMCP的起始电位仅为0.198V,对氧还原的催化性能相对最弱;在抗甲醇性能测试中,CoMCP,FeMCP,CuMCP,NiMCP的氧还原起始电位正移,具有较好的抗甲醇能力.     

氯碱工业镍-硫电极的研究

应用电化学沉积的方法制备Ni-S和Ni-Co-S合金镀层.通过测量电极的稳态极化曲线,研究电极的电催化活性和析氢反应活化能,考察热处理和电解液中杂质离子等因素对沉积层析氢活性的影响.实验结果显示,Ni-S电极镀层中的硫质量分数为11.59%时,电极的析氢活性最高,镀层呈非晶态或弱晶态结构,电极的析氢反应活化能为22.344 kJ/mol.     

CNx 纳米纤维负载Pd电催化剂对甲酸的电催化氧化

首先在高氯酸体系中,采用简单的直接混合反应法制得含氮导电聚合物聚苯胺纳米纤维,接着通过在不同温度下煅烧聚苯胺制得了含氮的碳纳米纤维(CNx),实验结果表明在800 ℃下热处理可以得到较好的CNx纳米纤维,其直径约为60～100 nm,长度达到1 μm.然后以其为载体采用液相化学还原法,制备了Pd/CNx催化剂,考察其对甲酸氧化的电催化活性和稳定性.结果表明,与传统的Vulcan XC-72载体相比,所合成的Pd/CNx催化剂对甲酸氧化表现出了较好的电催化性能.     

Pt/C电催化剂碳载体热处理条件和性能研究

采用浸渍还原法,优化碳载体热处理条件,制备出具有高分散性、平均粒径为3.3nm的Pt/C电催化剂.通过TEM、XRD方法对催化剂进行结构表征;利用Pt/C薄膜电极结合CV法评价了电催化剂的性能.测试结果表明,采用VulcanXC 72碳黑,在600℃下、氮气(或氩气)中进行热处理,所制得的Pt/C电催化剂对氧还原反应具有良好的电催化活性.     

燃料电池高活性Pt/C电催化剂的制备

实现低铂（Pt）载量高催化活性碳载铂（Pt/C）催化剂的制备，是达到降本增效的有效手段.实验研究了乙二醇溶液（EG）、甲醛溶液（HCHO）以及碱液（NaOH溶液）三者用量比例和后续热处理对水热法制备Pt/C催化剂电催化性能的影响.采用极化曲线（LSV）和循环伏安曲线（CV）表征催化剂的电催化性能，以及计算了Pt的电化学活性面积（ECA）.通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）以及热重分析（TG）对催化剂进行物化性能表征.实验发现：在一定范围内适当提高HCHO占比可有效提升催化剂电催化性能，当V（EG）∶V（HCHO）∶V（NaOH）溶液体积比为1∶2∶1时，所制备的Pt/C催化剂经过250℃的后续热处理后，电催化性能最优.以该方法制备的低载量Pt/C催化剂的ECA大于高载量的商业Pt/C催化剂的ECA.     

碳纤维表面磁改性成膜性研究

采用铁溶胶对碳纤维的成膜性进行了研究,分别考察了碳纤维脱胶工艺和铁溶胶涂层碳纤维热处理工艺对铁溶胶成膜性的影响.碳纤维脱胶处理研究结果表明,碳纤维在N2保护下,800℃脱胶处理后,进行铁溶胶涂层,可获得光滑、平整的表面膜;对铁溶胶涂层碳纤维进行了差热分析,结果表明铁溶胶涂层碳纤维热处理工艺分为两个阶段,并对两段热处理温度设计了正交试验,结果表明第一阶段温度控制在120℃,第二阶段温度控制在300℃,可获得涂层较薄且均匀一致的Fe溶胶涂层碳纤维.图4,表2,参9.     

掺铁TiO2-活性炭复合材料的制备及其光催化活性

通过浸渍法将掺铁TiO2溶胶负载到活性炭上制备掺铁TiO2-活性炭复合光催化剂材料,并对其结构特征、吸附特性、可见光光催化活性和再生性能进行研究.结果表明,掺铁TiO2-活性炭复合材料具有很大的比表面积,对有机污染物具有优越的吸附性能,而其比表面积则随着掺铁TiO2-活性炭的质量比的增大而逐渐减小.在可见光下,复合光催化剂材料由于Fe3 的引入TiO2中,对亚甲基蓝溶液具有高的光催化活性,其中经过500℃热处理的载钛量为5%(质量分数)的复合光催化剂材料的光催化活性最佳.复合光催化剂具有优越的再生性能,经再生处理可多次重复使用.     

CTAB辅助制备Ru78O_2-TiO_2涂层钛阳极

将阳离子表面活性剂CTAB引入钛阳极氧化物涂层制备体系,采用热分解方法在TA2基材上制备出RuO230%-TiO270%涂层.通过XRD分析了涂层电极的组织结构,采用极化曲线方法评定电极的电催化性能,用强化测试方法研究了电极的稳定性.结果表明,引入活性剂在细化电极涂层的晶粒度上有显著作用,晶粒的细化有助于提高涂层真实比表面积,从而提高电极的电催化活性.加入适量CTAB能提高电极稳定性,而过量的CTAB则会助长锐钛矿相TiO2生成,使电极的稳定性明显下降.由此可知,要提高电催化活性并提高其耐腐蚀性能,可以通过控制CTAB加入量来实现.     

退火温度对NiCo2O4纳米材料析氧性能的影响

电催化水分解过程中,动力学缓慢的阳极氧析出反应,制约了全水分解制备氢气的效率,因此,制备高效、稳定的析氧催化剂是十分必要的.通过溶剂热和热处理的方法制备了 NiCo2O4纳米颗粒,研究了退火温度对材料电催化析氧性能的影响.通过XRD,Raman,SEM,TEM以及极化曲线测试等研究了不同退火温度下得到材料的结构、形貌和...     

氮掺杂TiO2纳米管电极制备及可见光电催化活性

采用氮气中500℃和600℃热处理由阳极氧化法制备的TiO2纳米管阵列,制备了氮掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列电极。分别用环境扫描电镜（ESEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）,X射线衍射（XRD）和紫外可见漫反射吸收光谱对电极进行了表征。结果表明氮成功地掺入TiO2纳米管中。氮的引入使所制备的电极表现出可见光电催化活性,其中氮气中500℃下热处理得到的TiO2纳米管阵列电极表现出最好的可见光电催化活性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.