(La0.9Dy0.1)2/3Ba1/3Mn1-xAlxO3(x=0,0.05)氧化物的结构与磁性

【目的】为改善(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3的磁热性能,研究掺杂Al对其晶体结构、居里温度、相变类型以及磁热性能的影响。【方法】采用固相反应法制备锰氧化物(La_(0.9)Dy_(0.1))_(2/3)Ba_(1/3)Mn_(1-x)Al_xO_3(x=0,0.05)样品,利用X射线衍射法分析样品的结构,用振动样品磁强计测量样品的磁性。【结果】所制备样品均为单相钙钛矿结构,属于菱方晶系,空间群为R-3c(No.167)。掺杂Al使样品居里温度由无掺杂的274K降低到248K,在外加磁场变化为20kOe时最大磁熵变由2.16J/(kg·K)降低到1.85J/(kg·K)。样品的铁磁-顺磁相变属于二级相变。采用双交换作用机制解释了居里温度和磁化强度的变化。【结论】非磁性元素Al替代Mn不改变其晶体结构,稍微降低了锰氧化物的磁热性能。     

La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3的制备及其磁性

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3, 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)对样品的结构、居里温度、磁卡效应和磁电阻效应进行研究. 结果表明, 样品具有单相六角钙钛矿结构, 居里温度为310 K, 磁电阻变化率为11.18%, 最大磁熵变为1.45 J/(kg·K).     

La0.8Ce0．2Fe11．1-xCo0．8Si1．1Bx磁热效应的研究

用X-ray衍射和磁性测量的方法对所制备的LaLa0.8Ce0.2Fe11.1-xCo0.8Si1.1Bx(x=0,0.3,0.6)的结构和磁性特征进行分析,发现B元素的添加不仅有利于该化合物形成单相NaZn13型晶体结构,且随B含量的增加样品居里温度由x=0.3的278 K增加到z=0.6的286 K,同时最大磁熵变|△SM(T)|也随之增大,在0～1.5 T的磁场F由x=0.3的6.364 J/kg·K增加到x=0.6的10.23 J/kg·K.     

La0.55Eu0.1Sr0.15Na0.2MnO3的制备及其磁性

采用溶胶\|凝胶方法制备钙钛矿型稀土锰氧化物La_0.55Eu_0.1Sr_0.15Na_0.2MnO₃, 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、 振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁性测量系统(MPMS)对样品的结构、 居里温度、 磁卡效应和磁电阻效应进行研究. 结果表明, 样品具有单相六角钙钛矿结构, 居里温度为310 K, 磁电阻变化率为11.18％, 最大磁熵变为1.45 J/(kg·K).      

低磁场下获得巨磁热效应的GdSiGeZn合金

在研究Gd5Si2-xGe2Znx,Gd5Si2-zGe2-zZn2z系列合金的等温磁熵变和居里温度时发现,Zn的微量变化对合金的磁热性能影响很大.当x或者2z为0.001时,在1.5 T外加磁场变化下,其最大等温磁熵变分别为20.70 J/(kg.K)(x=0.001)和25.30 J/(kg.K)(2z=0.001),居里温度分别为284 K(x=0.001)和280 K(2z=0.001),其磁热性能远高于没有添加Zn元素的合金(5.03 J/(kg.K)).实验证明,微量元素Zn对Gd5Si2Ge2化合物的合金化处理,可使其在低磁场下的磁热效应得到巨幅提高,其最大等温磁熵变优于文献报道的铸锭合金Gd5(Si1-yGey)4及其他添加元素(如Ga,Sn,Cu,B,Al,Bi,Co,Fe,Ni,Mn,C,H等)替代Si或Ge时在5 T高外加磁场变化下的等温磁熵变.     

Pr2Fe17-xSix合金的磁热效应

用电弧熔炼法制备了Pr2Fe17-xSix(x=0,0.1,0.15,0.3)系列合金,用粉末X线衍射和磁性测量研究样品的结构、磁性、磁熵变及绝热温变.结果表明:Pr2Fe17-xSix系列合金的晶体结构为Th2Zn17型菱方结构;随着Si含量的增加,居里温度由x=0时的290K提高到x=0.3时的328K;外加磁场为1.5T时,磁熵变由x=0时的2.39J/(kg.K)降低到x=0.3时的1.67J/(kg.K),但绝热温变没有显著变化.     

Al掺杂对Ni-Co-Mn-Sb合金马氏体相变和磁性的影响

在Ni-Co-Mn-Sb哈斯勒合金中掺杂少量Al以调节合金的磁热性质.未掺杂Al时,Ni_(46)Co_4Mn_(38)Sb_(12)在50 kOe的外加磁场下,马氏体相变温度间隔ΔT_(int)=12 K,在210 K时,磁熵变ΔS_m=6. 86 J/(kg·K),制冷量RC=64. 77 J/kg.掺杂少量Al后,Ni_(46)Co_4Mn_(38)Sb_(11. 5)Al_(0. 5)在50 kOe外场下,马氏体相变温度间隔ΔT_(int)=3. 5 K,在235 K时,磁熵变ΔS_m=18. 60J/(kg·K),制冷量RC=117. 95 J/kg.未掺杂Al时,10 kOe的低磁场下,Ni_(46)Co_4Mn_(38)Sb_(12)的磁电阻为-11. 85%,掺杂Al后,Ni_(46)Co_4Mn_(38)Sb_(11. 5)Al_(0. 5)的磁电阻为-82. 85%,合金的负磁阻效应明显增强.结果表明,适量Al元素掺杂可提高马氏体相变温度,缩短合金马氏体发生相变温度的间隔,大幅增大磁熵变,并因此提高合金的制冷能力.     

钙钛矿锰氧化物La_(0.775)Eu_(0.025)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3的磁性和磁卡效应

采用传统的固相反应法制备了多晶样品La_(0.775)Eu_(0.025)Sr_(0.2)MnO_3,通过测量样品的XRD谱线、磁化强度随温度的变化曲线(M-T)、等温磁化曲线(M-H),重点研究了样品的的磁性和磁卡效应.研究发现:样品的晶体结构为立方钙钛矿结构,其空间群为Pbnm.该样品在15-340 K温区内表现为铁磁特征,340-364 K温区内表现出类Griffiths相特征,364-400 K温区内表现出顺磁特征.临界行为分析表明该样品与平均场模型拟合较好.样品在居里温度T_c=290 K附近,系统发生二级相变,在7 T外场下,样品的最大等温磁熵变值为2.60 J/(kg·K),磁制冷功率为439.40 J/kg,因此,该材料具有室温下实现磁制冷的潜能.     

非晶态Fe91-xLaxZr9合金的制备与磁热效应

采用电弧熔炼和真空电磁感应甩带方法制备了Fe91-xLaxZr9(x=1,3,5,10)系列非晶合金,研究了该非晶合金的磁性和磁热效应.X-射线衍射结果显示,样品的形成主要为非晶态合金.非晶态Fe81La10Zr9合金的磁熵变随温度变化的曲线表明,外场为1.5T时样品最大等温磁熵变为0.8J/(kg.K),半峰宽对应的温度变化范围为245～285K.     

Nd掺杂对La0.7-x NdxBa0.3MnO3磁热性质的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列La0．7-xNdxBa0．3MnO3钙钛矿材料．实验结果表明掺人少量Nd可显著调节样品的居里温度,有效提高其磁熵变．当x=0．15时样品磁熵变达到2．22J／kg．K,Tc=269K．该系列样品低磁场下在室温附近具有较大的磁熵变,可作为室温磁致冷材料。     

Itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition and giant magnetic entropy change in La0.8Ce0.2Fe11.4Si1.6 compound

Iron-based rare-earth intermetallic compounds LaFe13?xSix (1.2≤x≤2.6) and CeFe13?xSix (2.4≤x≤2.6) both have the cubic NaZn13-type structure with Fm3c(Oh6) space-group symmetry[1―3]. Fujita et al. [4] demonstrated that the cubic NaZn13-type LaFe13?xSi     

The giant magnetocaloric effect in Gd<Subscript>5</Subscript>Si<Subscript>2</Subscript>Ge<Subscript>2</Subscript> with low purity gadolinium

The giant magnetocaloric effect Gd5Si2Ge2 alloy was prepared with 99wt% low purity commercial Gd. Powder XRD and magnetic measurements showed that the Gd5Si2Ge2 alloy annealed at 1200℃ for 1h had a significant magnetic- crystallographic first order phase transition at about 270 K. The maximal magnetic entropy change is 17.55 J· kg^-1· K^-1 under a magnetic field change of 0-5 T. The distinct increase of magnetic entropy change belongs to the first-order phase transition from the orthorhombic Gd5Si4-type to the monoclinic Gd5Si2Ge2-type after high temperature heat-treatment.     

Enhancement of magnetic properties and thermal stability of nanocrystalline (NdDyTb)12.3(FeZrNbCu)81.7B6.0 alloy with Co substitution

The major drawbacks of Nd-Fe-B magnets are relatively low Curie temperature and poor thermal stability. Ribbons with the near stoichiometric 2:14:1 composition of Nd_10.8Dy_0.75Tb_0.75Fe_79.7-xCo_xZr_0.8Nb_0.8Cu_0.4B_6.0 (x=0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15) were prepared by rapid quenching and subsequent heat treatment. The effect of Co element on the magnetic properties, thermal stability, and microstructure of the ribbons was systematically studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermal magnetic analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that Co substitution was significantly effective in improving the magnetic properties and the thermal stability of nanocrystalline ribbons. Although the intrinsic coercivity decreased from 1308.7 kA/m for x=0 to 817.4 kA/m for x=15, the remanence polarization and maximum energy product increased from 0.839 T and 116.5 kJ/m3 for the Co-free samples to 1.041 T and 155.1 kJ/m3 for the 12at% Co-substituted samples, respectively. About 10 K increase in Curie temperature was observed for the 2:14:1 phase with 1at% Co substitution. The absolute values of temperature coefficients of induction and coercivity were significantly decreased with Co substitution, which may be attractive for high operational temperature applications. The microstructure of nanocrystalline ribbons was slightly refined with Co substitution.     

非晶态Fe-Zr-B-Dy合金的制备与磁热性能

非晶态磁热合金材料可以在很宽的温度范围内实现较大的磁制冷容量,其中铁基非晶态磁热合金因其具有近室温的磁熵变区间和低廉的成本受到广泛关注.本文通过感应熔炼铜辊甩带的方法成功制备出了一系列Fe_89?xZr₇B₄Dy_x(x=1,2,3,4)非晶态合金,并对其非晶形成能力和磁热性能进行了系统测试和分析.随着Dy含量的增加,该合金的玻璃形成能力得到改善,居里温度从296 K增加到334 K.磁熵变峰值和制冷能力也随着Dy含量的增加单调增长,在3 T的外加磁场下,Fe85Zr7B4Dy4合金的最大磁熵变达到了2.45 J K^?1 kg^?1,制冷能力为235 J kg^?1,相对于三元Fe-Zr-B体系,同一磁场下的磁熵变峰值提高60%以上.该非晶态合金原材料成本低廉,其磁热性能随着成分变化可以调控,居里温度远低于玻璃转变温度,能够保证材料在使用过程中的结构稳定性,有成为近室温的磁制冷工质的潜力.     

Doping effect on thermoelectric properties of nonstoichiometric AgSbTe<Subscript>2</Subscript> compounds

Nonstoichiometric ternary thermoelectric materials Ag_0.84Sb_1.15M_0.01Te_2.16 (M=Ce, Yb, Cu) were prepared by a direct melt-quench and hot press process. The carrier concentration of all the samples increased after doping. Thermoelectric properties, namely electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity, were measured from 300 to 673 K. The phase transition occurring at about 418 K representing the phase transition from β-Ag₂Te to α-Ag₂Te influenced the electrical transport properties. The electrical conductivities of Ce and Yb doped samples increased after doping from 1.9×10⁴ to 2.5×10⁴ and 2.3×10⁴ S·m⁻¹, respectively, at 673 K. Also, at room temperature, the Seebeck coefficient of the Ce doped sample relatively increased corresponding to the high carrier concentration due to the changes in the band structure. However, all the thermal conductivities increased after doping at low temperature. Because of the higher thermal conductivity, the dimensionless figure of merit ZT of these doped samples has not been improved.     

La0.6CexNd0.4-xNi3.0Co0.2Al0.3(x=0~0.4)合金储氢性能研究

采用电弧炉熔炼方法制备La0.6CexNd0.4-xNi3.0Co0.2Al0.3(x=0～0.4)系列合金,并对合金的储氢性能和电化学性能进行测试。测试结果表明,合金在Ce=0时具有最高的电化学容量(284.2mAh/g)和储氢量(0.93wt%)。Ce的添加会降低合金放电容量,但是能够改善合金的循环稳定性能。     

Structure and transport studies on nanometer YBCO/PBCGO multilayers

We have fabricated M doped （M = Al, Co, Fe, Ga, Ni and Zn） PrBa2Cu3O7（PBCO）, i.e. PrBa2（CU1-xMx）3O7. The doping levels x are 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20. X-ray data indicated no significant second phase for substituting Cu by Al, Co, Fe and Ga up to 20%. However impurity phases were detected for Ni and Zn substituted samples with doping levels equal to and higher than 15%. At 77 K the electrical resistivity of these compounds is orders in magnitude higher than that of PBCO. We also found that although the lattice parameters in the doped samples differ from PBCO, all samples remain orthorhombic. The lattice parameters of the doped sample are very close to those of YBa2CU3O7-δ （YBCO） and PBCO. For this reason these compounds are better materials to be used as the I-layer for YBCO SIS junctions. Results of structural and transport studies on 2000 A thick PrBa2[Cu0.80G0.2]3O7 （PBCGO） and YBCO/PBCGO multilayers are presented in this paper.     

Magnetic properties of Fe3(1−x)Cr3xC alloys

The magnetic properties of Fe_3(1−x)Cr_3xC alloys with x=0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2, which crystallize in the cementite Fe₃C-type structure with space group Pnma, were investigated by means of magnetization measurements. These alloys show temperature-induced second-order magnetic phase transitions. The Curie temperature (T_c) of these alloys decreases with increasing x. The isothermal magnetic-entropy changes of these alloys were derived from the magnetic isotherms measured with increasing temperature and increasing field. The maximum values of the magnetic-entropy change are about 0.9 and 3.6 J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ at T_c =360 K for x = 0.05 in a magnetic field change from 0 to 1 T and 0 to 5 T, respectively.