HPV 58型E7蛋白特异结合多肽的筛选及分析

 利用M13噬菌体展示技术筛选HPV 58型E7蛋白特异性结合12肽,对这些多肽的序列比对分析得出其共有序列,同时通过BLASTP序列对比分析获得能与E7结合的内源蛋白.利用GST-E7融合表达蛋白为正筛靶分子,GST蛋白为负筛靶分子进行4轮的正负亲和筛选,经过ELISA活性鉴定获得71株阳性克隆,通过DNA测序和序列分析,得到2个能与E7蛋白发生特异性结合的共有序列NHXXANPQQXPQ和TMGFTAPRF-PHY.通过BLASTP分析所有71个多肽在体内的同源蛋白,它们能为对E7蛋白的致癌机理研究提供方向.     

小鼠胚胎干细胞R1表面特异结合多肽的筛选

胚胎干细胞是从哺乳动物胚胎发育早期的囊胚的内细胞团内分离出来的一类细胞,具有自我更新和全能性的基本特征.作者利用M13噬菌体展示技术筛选与未分化的小鼠胚胎干细胞R1表面特异结合的多肽.实验利用未分化的小鼠胚胎干细胞为筛选靶细胞,分化的小鼠胚胎干细胞为吸附细胞,进行3轮的消减筛选,经细胞ELISA鉴定,噬菌体DNA测序和多肽序列分析,得到13条能与小鼠胚胎干细胞特异结合的多肽.通过BLASTP比对发现有11个体内的同源蛋白,为进一步研究小鼠胚胎干细胞表面分子提供研究基础.     

胃癌细胞及临床标本特异结合的多肽的筛选与鉴定

从噬菌体随机十二肽库筛选出两个与人胃腺癌细胞SGC-7901表面特异结合的阳性噬菌体克隆,用细胞免疫荧光法鉴定这些克隆与SGC-7901结合的特异性,据亲和力确定克隆GSP5为最佳克隆,进一步以免疫细胞/组织化学等方法鉴定此克隆与胃癌细胞和临床组织的特异性/敏感性.结果显示,噬菌体克隆GSP5对SGC-7901细胞及胃癌临床组织具有较好的结合特异性/敏感性.该多肽有望成为胃癌分子影像诊断与靶向治疗的候选多肽导向分子.     

异柠檬酸裂解酶肽类抑制剂的优化筛选

利用噬菌体肽库筛选与计算机模拟分子对接技术, 优化异柠檬酸裂解酶肽类抑制剂的筛选. 先通过噬菌体肽库筛选出与异柠檬酸裂解酶（ICL）具有高亲和力的结合肽, 再利用Discovery Studio 2.1模拟多肽与ICL蛋白晶体（1F8I）的分子对接, 最后用Fmoc固相合成法合成多肽, 并对其生物活性进行检测. 实验结果表明, 通过噬菌体肽库筛选得到了29条七肽序列, 其中12条可与ICL蛋白晶体成功对接. 体外生物活性检测结果显示, 得到的12条七肽均对ICL的活性有明显抑制作用（抑制率均超过50%）.     

基于网络药理和分子对接预测复方紫银软膏治疗糖尿病足溃疡的作用靶点

利用网络药理和分子对接技术,探讨复方紫银软膏治疗糖尿病足溃疡的活性成分和潜在分子机制.采用中药系统药理学分析平台（TCMSP）数据库获取方中七味药的化学成分及其相关靶点.在GeneCards、OMIM、TTD、DrugBank数据库中搜集糖尿病足溃疡相关靶点,提炼出二者的交集靶点.运用Cytoscape 3.9.1软件和String数据库绘制“药物-成分-靶点-疾病”可视化网络,并筛选出核心成分和关键靶点.借助Metascape数据库对靶点进行GO和KEGG分析,运用Autodock软件以及Pymol软件进行分子对接验证和展示.结果发现,复方紫银软膏治疗糖尿病足溃疡的关键活性成分为槲皮素、绿原酸、芹菜素、山柰酚、木犀草素.从靶蛋白的角度,排名前5位的是PTGS2、HSP90AB1、PTGS1、AR、DPP4;GO富集分析提示主要包括炎症反应、细胞因子和蛋白酶受体结合等生物过程. KEGG通路主要涉及AGE-RAGE、MAPK信号通路和PI3KAkt等信号通路.分子对接结果表明复方紫银软膏中主要活性成分与关键靶点PTGS2、HSP90AB1、PTGS1、AR和DPP4具有较稳定的结合活性...     

多肽序列优化降低c-Src蛋白靶向药物的毒性风险

避免c-Src蛋白的多肽类拮抗剂与多个蛋白发生混杂性结合,对于降低抗癌药物的毒性风险具有重要作用。本研究运用生物信息学方法对氨基酸序列进行优化设计,旨在减少混杂性结合的发生。本研究综合利用各种多肽数据库和生物信息学工具,首先总结了多肽分子与多个蛋白SH3结构域之间潜在的混杂性结合,并发现了其中的内在规律。随后,根据所发现的规律,对多肽的氨基酸序列进行针对性的优化设计。结果表明,大多数多肽在经过优化后,所结合的c-Src以外的蛋白数量都有所下降,从而显著提高了多肽与c-Src蛋白之间结合的特异性(P0.05),并降低了其潜在的毒性风险。本研究所取得的结果将为设计具有高度特异性和低毒性的靶向性多肽药物提供参考。     

甘氨酸-α-二肽构象稳定性的理论研究

二肽分子CH3CO[NHCH2CO]NHCH3中的结构基元[NHCH2CO]是甘氨酸-α-多肽的基本重复单元.其中二面角ψ和ψ的不同取值决定了多肽的不同构象.使用B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)方法对二肽分子CH3CO[NHCH2CO]NHCH3的所有可能稳定构象进行了研究,分析了二肽分子CH3CO[NHCH2CO]NHCH3的不同稳定构象的相对稳定性,从分子内氢键作用、大基团间的空间位阻以及库仑作用角度探讨了影响二肽构象稳定性的因素.结果表明:甘氨酸-α-二肽中构象的相对稳定性主要取决于分子内氢键作用和ψ角的空间位阻.ψ角的空间位阻不起决定作用.因此在多肽分子的分子模拟中,如何准确合理地描述ψ角的空间位阻是今后分子模拟工作者要解决的重点课题.     

噬菌体展示技术筛选布鲁氏菌OMP25特异性结合肽

利用噬菌体展示技术和ELISA筛选与布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白OMP25结合的七肽分子.将纯化的OMP25-32a包被于聚乙烯板上,对随机噬菌体七肽库进行4轮筛选后挑取噬菌体克隆,ELISA鉴定噬菌体克隆对OMP25-32a的亲和力和特异性.并将阳性噬菌体克隆扩增、测序、获得多肽氨基酸序列,生物信息分析筛选出特异的环形七肽分子.结果从噬菌体七肽库中筛选出42个噬菌体阳性克隆,测序翻译得到对应的42个环形七肽分子;ELISA结果表明,42个噬菌体中9#、11#、35#、38#和41#与融合蛋白OMP25-32a具有较强的亲和性;生物信息学分析42个环形七肽分子中11#环形七肽与锌指蛋白ZNF446有高度同源性.筛选获得了与布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白OMP25相互作用的环形七肽分子LT-7C,为进一步研究抗布鲁氏菌病的药物治疗提供科学依据.     

诸葛菜花粉不同发育时期特异性蛋白多肽研究

对诸葛菜(Orychophagmus violaceus)花粉不同发育时期蛋白多肽进行双向电泳，结果发现花粉发育的3个时期出现蛋白多肽点的数量为：单核期121个，二核期192个，三核期275个,3个时期共有(指等电点和分子量相同)的蛋白多肽点有100个．各时期特有的蛋白多肽点分别为：单核期9个，二核期15个，三核期110个。三核期蛋白多肽点数量和特有蛋白多肽点数量的大量增加，说明诸葛菜花粉发育晚期蛋白表达异常活跃，为受精提供了物质上的准备，同时还发现不同发育时期的花粉，其相应蛋白多肽的含量有增有减。     

NF-κB相互作用多肽原核表达载体的构建、表达与纯化

为了获得高纯度的可溶性NF-κB相互作用多肽,首先以酵母双杂交技术筛选获得的NF-κB相互作用多肽的酵母表达质粒pGAD GH/pp10为模板,扩增多肽基因片段,后经BglⅡ,StuⅠ双酶切后连接到pET-42a(+)载体中,构建GST/多肽融合蛋白的原核表达载体,并将GST/多肽融合蛋白的原核表达载体转化入BL-21菌株,用0.4 mmol/L IPTG于30 ℃诱导表达4 h,后经GST亲和纯化GST/多肽融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定融合蛋白的表达和纯度.实验结果表明,成功地构建了NF-κB相互作用多肽的GST/多肽融合蛋白原核表达载体,进行了GST/多肽融合蛋白的诱导表达,融合蛋白的表达为可溶性表达,最终纯化获得纯度约为80%的可溶性GST/多肽融合蛋白,这将为后继利用GST pull-down,Bio-sensor,EMSA等实验进一步验证NF-κB相互作用多肽的功能提供可靠的材料来源奠定基础.     

Predominant naturally processed peptides bound to HLA-DR1 are derived from MHC-related molecules and are heterogeneous in size.

Peptides bound to class I molecules are 8-10 amino acids long, and possess a binding motif representative of peptides that bind to a given class I allele. In the only published study of naturally processed peptides bound to class II molecules (mouse I-Ab and I-Eb), these peptides were longer (13-17 amino acids) and had heterogenous carboxy terminals but precise amino-terminal truncations. Here we report the characterization of acid-eluted peptides bound to HLA-DR1 by high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and microsequencing analyses. The relative molecular masses of the peptides varied between 1,602 and 2,996 (13-25 residues), the most abundant individual M(r) values being between 1,700 and 1,800, corresponding to an average peptide length of 15 residues. Complete sequence data were obtained for twenty peptides derived from five epitopes, of which all but one were from self proteins. These peptides represented sets nested at both the N- and C-terminal ends. Binding experiments confirmed that all of the isolated peptides had high affinity for the groove of DR1. Alignment of the peptides bound to HLA-DR1 and the sequences of 35 known HLA-DR1-binding peptides revealed a putative motif. Although peptides bound to class II molecules may have some related features (due to the nonpolymorphic HLA-DR alpha-chain), accounting for degenerate binding to different alleles, particular amino acids in the HLA-DR beta-chains presumably define allelic specificity of peptide binding.     

Peptide binding to class I MHC on living cells and quantitation of complexes required for CTL lysis

Antigenic peptides are presented to CD8+T lymphocytes by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Peptides specifically bind to purified class I molecules in vitro, and to class I molecules on cells at nonphysiological temperatures. We report here the kinetic and equilibrium parameters for the binding of radiolabelled influenza nucleoprotein peptides (NP-Y365-380 and shorter homologues) to the murine H-2Db molecule on intact, viable cells at 37 degrees C. In contrast to earlier reports, we show that peptide binding is rapid and reversible, with dissociation constants ranging from nanomolar to micromolar, suggestive of typical ligand-receptor interactions. Only 10% of cell-surface Db molecules can bind these peptides. To address the relationship between peptide binding and T-cell recognition of the antigen-MHC complex, we determined the minimum number of complexes required to sensitize a target cell for lysis by class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Our data indicate that EL4 thymoma cells (H-2b) can be sensitized for lysis by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes when as few as 200 class I-peptide complexes (less than 0.08% of surface Db molecules) are present per cell.     

sFcγRⅡb蛋白结合肽的筛选与鉴定

FcγRⅡb是免疫球蛋白G受体( FcγR)中唯一的抑制型受体,在免疫反应的负性调节方面发挥重要作用.为了筛选sFcγRⅡb的蛋白结合肽,以重组sFcγRⅡb蛋白为靶分子,采用噬菌体肽库展示技术对sFcγRⅡb结合肽进行筛选.利用ELISA鉴定每轮洗脱噬菌体与sFcγRⅡb蛋白亲和力,经过4轮筛选,挑取40个噬菌体克隆进行序列测定,获得28种不同的12肽序列.经ELISA法鉴定噬菌体与sFcγRⅡb蛋白结合活性,得到sFcγRⅡb蛋白高特异性、高亲和力结合肽FHKMPWYMSMYY,为进一步研究FcγRⅡb的作用机制和探索结合肽的功能提供实验基础.     

Sequence analysis of peptides bound to MHC class II molecules.

CD4 T cells recognize peptide fragments of foreign proteins bound to self class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Naturally processed peptide fragments bound to MHC class II molecules are peptides of 13-17 amino acids which appear to be precessively truncated from the carboxy terminus, perhaps after binding to the MHC class II molecule. The finding of predominant self peptides has interesting implications for antigen processing and self-non-self discrimination.     

从噬菌体展示七肽肽库筛选α-淀粉酶特异性配体

为了建立蛋白质亲和配基的高效筛选方法，以淀粉酶为靶分子，利用交替洗脱法从七肽噬茵体展示库中筛选具有高亲和力的噬茵体配体．结果表明，交替洗脱法筛选出的特异性配体的回收率和ELISA信号值均优于酸洗脱法；采用交替洗脱法能够更加有效和迅速地筛选到淀粉酶的高亲和力配体．分析筛选得到的不同噬茵体克隆DNA插入片断的氨基酸序列，发现了可能与配体高亲和性有关的氨基酸残基．     

Invariant chain distinguishes between the exogenous and endogenous antigen presentation pathways

Class I MHC molecules acquire peptides from endogenously synthesized proteins, whereas class II antigens present peptides derived from extracellular compartment molecules. This dichotomy is due to the fact that the invariant chain associates with class II molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum, preventing binding of endogenous peptides. The mutually exclusive binding of peptide and invariant chain to class II molecules suggests that the invariant chain might play a part in autoimmune disease.     

In vivo competition between self peptides and foreign antigens in T-cell activation

Cytotoxic and helper T lymphocytes recognize foreign antigen in the form of short peptides associated with class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, respectively. A recent study of the three-dimensional structure of a class I MHC molecule revealed a cleft formed by the amino-terminal half of the protein, which could serve as the binding site for these peptides. Because an individual possesses only a limited set of different MHC molecules, each molecule of this set must have the ability to bind a large number of different peptides in order to ensure full immunocompetence. Thus, it can be anticipated that peptides with unrelated sequences compete for binding to the same MHC molecule, and, indeed, this has been shown to occur in vitro. We therefore decided to see whether such competition could also regulate the cell responses in vivo. We have found that a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 46-62 of mouse lysozyme, although not immunogenic itself, effectively inhibits the priming for T-cell responses when injected into mice together with foreign protein or peptide antigens. The inhibition observed strictly correlates with the capacity of the competitor to bind to the particular MHC molecule presenting the foreign antigen, and its extent depends on the molar ratio between antigen and competitor.     

肿瘤靶向多肽生物淘选技术研究进展

生物淘选肿瘤或癌细胞的各种特异性靶向多肽是探索肿瘤早期诊断和治疗方法的有效途径.特异性靶向多肽既可用于探测肿瘤细胞表型特征,又可将其与抗癌药物结合进行靶向治疗,同时还可作为体内肿瘤的成像制剂,用于肿瘤及肿瘤细胞微转移的早期探测.噬菌体展示肽库技术能够有效地进行生物淘选或识别出与癌或肿瘤细胞某一靶点连结的,具有特异性、高亲和性的多肽.近年来,利用体内或体外噬菌体展示肽库技术已成功地淘选或识别出一些癌细胞的靶向多肽.本文就这些方面的研究进展进行了简要阐述,重点介绍了癌或肿瘤细胞靶向多肽的体外和体内生物淘选最新技术和临床应用.     

Truncation variants of peptides isolated from MHC class II molecules suggest sequence motifs.

T cells recognize foreign protein antigens in the form of peptide fragments bound tightly to the outer aspect of molecules encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Most of the amino-acid differences that distinguish MHC allelic variants line the peptide-binding cleft, and different allelic forms of MHC molecules bind distinct peptides. It has been demonstrated that peptide-binding to MHC class I involves anchor residues in certain positions and that antigenic peptides associated with MHC class I exhibit allele-specific structural motifs. We have previously reported an analysis of MHC class II-associated peptide sequences. Here we extend this analysis and show that certain amino-acid residues occur at particular positions in the sequence of peptides binding to a given MHC class II molecule. These sequence motifs require the amino terminus to be shifted one or two positions to obtain alignment; such shifts occur naturally for a single peptide sequence without qualitatively altering CD4 T-cell recognition.