一种结合小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

研究了一种基于均方误差(MSE)测度的矢量量化快速编码算法,算法利用小波变换的特点,合理构造矢量.结合非线性插补矢量量化技术、矢量和值差法、部分失真排除法和一些典型的小波系数的极性判断,在搜索编码过程中,有效排除部分候选码字.实验结果表明,相对于穷尽搜索方法,计算量有明显降低,计算时间减少约98%.     

基于小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

提出了一种基于均方误差（MSE）测度的矢量量化快速编码算法，算法利用小波变换的特点，合理地构造矢量，结合非线性插补矢量量化技术、矢量和值差法和部分失真排除法，在搜索编码过程中，有效排除部分候选码字。实验结果表明，相对于穷尽搜索方法，计算量有明显降低，计算时间减少约97%。     

基于小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

提出了一种基于均方误差MSE测度的矢量量化快速编码算法#算法利用小波变换的特点,合理 地构造矢量,结合非线性插补矢量量化技术.矢量和值差法和部分失真排除法,在搜索编码过程中,有效排 除部分候选码字,实验结果表明,相对于穷尽搜索方法#计算量有明显降低,计算时间减少约97%.     

一种结合小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

研究了一种基于均方误差(MSE)测度的矢量量化快速编码算法。算法利用小波变换的特点，合理构造矢量，结合非线性插补矢量量化技术、矢量和值差法、部分失真排除法和一些典型的小波系数的极性判断，在搜索编码过程中，有效排除部分候选码字。实验结果表明。相对于穷尽搜索方法，计算量有明显降低，计算时间减少约98％。     

基于小波变换的矢量量化快速码字搜索算法

针对矢量量化过程中编码的复杂性,提出了一种基于小波变换的自适应快速码字搜索算法.该算法使用欧几里德距离的平方作为量化的失真测度,首先为输入矢量选择合理的初始匹配码字,然后利用多控制点的三角不等式和变换域中矢量的性质去排除不可能匹配的码字,最后通过搜索空间的逐次降低找到与输入矢量最匹配的码矢量.仿真结果表明：在需要很少预先计算量和额外存储量的条件下,文中算法的编码质量和全搜索算法相同,但是其计算量却极大地降低.     

Hadamard域中结合矢量特征值和子矢量和值的码字快速搜索算法

研究了一种基于Hadamard变换的结合矢量特征值和子矢量和值的快速码字搜索算法.该算法充分利用矢量特征量和子矢量和值在空域和Hadamard域间的联系,建立了一种4步高效排除不等式,再结合部分失真PDS(partial distortion search)排除法,有效地排除了大量不匹配码字.实验结果表明,算法相比于其...     

一种改进的等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法

针对等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法的初始码书生成随机性较强和搜索获胜码字计算量较大这2个缺点.提出了一种改进算法.对于初始码书的缺点,改进算法采用一种基于训练矢量的统计特征量的分类平均初始码书生成算法,同时改进算法利用3个不等式来快速排除大量候选码字,从而解决了原算法计算量较大的问题.仿真实验表明,改进算法的计算量比原算法减小了80%,而图像效果即峰值信噪比(PSNR)比原算法平均提升了0.5 dB左右.     

变比特率均值匹配相关矢量量化图像编码算法

矢量量化(VQ)是一种有效的数据压缩技术。为找出与输入矢量最匹配的码字,传统的穷尽搜索矢量量化编码算法需要计算输入矢量与所有码字之间的失真测度。码书大小和矢量维数越大,穷尽搜索矢量量化编码的计算复杂度就越高。为了降低穷尽搜索矢量量化器的编码复杂度,本文提出了一种用于快速图像编码的均值匹配相关矢量量化器(MMCVQ)。在编码前,首先计算所有码字的均值,然后按照这些均值从小到大对码书进行排序。编码阶段,利用邻近图像块的高度相关性和当前输入矢量的均值共同确定相应的码字搜索范围。实验结果表明,当阈值大小为320时,与传统穷尽搜索矢量量化编码法相比,虽然MMCVQ算法的编码质量下降约0.3～0.4dB,但速度快14倍而且比特率下降0.1～0.2比特像素。     

矢量量化快速搜索算法的研究

为了进一步降低矢量量化的运算量,提出了一种新的快速搜索算法.在最近邻域搜索算法的基础上,提出了一个基于矢量分割的一般性码字排除准则.该准则综合利用子矢量的均值和方差参数,构造了一个判决不等式来排除不可能的码字.算法中子矢量的个数设定为2.实验结果表明,该算法的运算时间是改进的等均值等方差最近邻域搜索(IEENNS)算法的80%左右.该算法的性能要优于以往的几种基于不等式判决的快速搜索算法,可以应用在语音和图像编码算法中.     

一种改进的等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法

针对等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法的初始码书生成随机性较强和搜索获胜码字计算量较大这2个缺点,提出了一种改进算法。对于初始码书的缺点,改进算法采用一种基于训练矢量的统计特征量的分类平均初始码书生成算法,同时改进算法利用3个不等式来快速排除大量候选码字,从而解决了原算法计算量较大的问题。仿真实验表明,改进算法的计算量比原算法减小了80%,而图像效果即峰值信噪比(PSNR)比原算法平均提升了0.5 dB左右。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to