有效教学与体育专业理论课教学策略探讨

有效教学是促使学生获得知识或进步并因此而积极参与学习过程的教学策略．体育理论课程有效教学的关键是根据课程的学科特点选择最适合的教学策略．运动人体科学类课程呈现的学习材料是有关正常人体的客观事实、规则及动作序列，教师宜采用以教师为中心的直接教学策略；体育人文社会学类课程呈现的学习材料多涉及抽象理论、模式及方法论，教师应引导学生调动个人经验和过去的知识储备与当前所学主题相联系，因此间接教学策略是最佳选择．     

基于Protégé的VF教学本体建模方法研究

本体是一种有效的知识建模方法．以大学计算机教学中的VF程序设计领域为研究对象，以Protégé 2000为本体建模工具，结合领域本体构建方法，初步探讨了该领域本体的构建过程．     

数学理解的认知过程及其教学策略

数学学习强调理解，理解是学好数学的关键。S．Pirie和T．Kieren的数学理解发展模型指出。数学理解是一个进行中的、动态的、分水平的、非线性的认知发展过程。在数学教学中，教师可以通过提供丰富的感性材料、“螺旋式”地安排知识、培养学生的反思意识、实施个性化教学等教学策略来促进学生的数学理解。     

浅析生物课堂中的“小问题”教学

当前，生物教学理念对于学生生物知识体系建构的形成是非常重要的，对生物教师的教学要求也越来越高。其中，对于教师课堂教学设置一些“小问题”，可以极大激发学生探究生物学科奥秘的兴趣，而实施“小问题”教学可以很好的帮助学生了解高中生物知识的体系构成，促进学生科学探究实践的能力和问题意识的产生，激发学生的兴趣，从而更加有效的投入到研究生物的教学上去，从而可以促进学生的朝向个性化的发展以及学习知识能力的增长。老师在教学上实施“小问题”教学是以教师课堂上设置的“小问题”为导向，以学生的自主性学习为主体的一种教学策略，从而可以有效提高学生生物知识效率的提高。     

基于建构主义学习理论的物理教学研究

Piaget等人建立并发展的建构主义学习理论提供了一种有别于传统学习理论的全新学习理论．传统学习观念认为学习过程建立在单纯的教师传－学生受的基础上，忽略了学习主体的主动性和创造性．建构主义学习理论认为学习过程不是学习者被动地接受知识，而是学习者积极地参与建构知识的过程．本文在建构主义学习理论基础上，对中学物理教学中如何渗透建构主义学习理论进行了理论研究，结合我们的教学经验提出可操作的教学策略．     

CNKI知识问答

1．CNKI是什么？CNKI，中文名为中国国家知识基础设施，英又名为ChinaNationalKnowledgeInfrastructure。世界银行《1998年世界发展报告》提出了国家知识基础设施的概念，即NKI。NKI指的是一个国家知识生产、传播、扩散与应用的互动式知识网络，它是基于现代电信基础设施和数字化技术，以互动的方式，将从事知识生产、应用的机构和人关联到一起的知识网络，籍此人们能够以最方便、快捷的方式获取和交流知识，从而进行高效率的知识生产与应用。世界银行的报告认为，人类社会进入信息和知识经济时代，NKI是继能源、交通、通讯三大基…     

基于问题导向教学的计算机网络课程本体工具构建

问题导向学习（PBL）是近年来教育改革的重要方向，知识本体是用来描述特定领域的概念关系．因而领域内的知识关联呈现就成为重要的研究课题。在计算机网络知识管理的分类中应用本体技术，采用领域的知识结构作为研究主体，构建出符合导向教学法的教学工具。经系统测试，计算机网络领域知识库的建立提供了获取具体对象的教学管理相关资料，达到了简化分析知识需求的目的。     

建构主义的数学教学策略

依据建构主义原理,提出三大数学教学策略：一是类比教学,类比教学强调所学内容与学生已有知识经验的联系,能削弱学生的建构压力,有助于学生知识建构的拓展．二是整体教学,按知识结构组织的整体教学把联系紧密的知识集中起来成“块”呈现,利于学生形成良好的认知结构．三是产生式教学,一方面,变式练习促进产生式的条件建构,另一方面,算法化教学形成产生式的操作自动化．     

浅谈知识建构在语文教学策略中的应用

"知识建构"过程,实质上是学生的认知结构与认识策略.经验方式和情操态度发生积极变化的过程."知识建构"的基本理念与新课程倡导的"自主、合作、探究"的学习方式和"交往、互动"的教学观念相吻合.我们在教学中应该注重情感性教学策略,情境性教学策略,协作性教学策略、支架式教学策略的实施.     

中学生物课程教学的有效性探析

随着基础教育课程改革的进一步开展和新课程内容的深层次实施，传统的课堂教学模式和学习方式受到了新的挑战。这种形势之下，对新课程改革背景下的中学生物教学现状与有效教学策略的研究就显得尤为重要。本文针对生物教学中出现的一些不足，提出了相应的有效教学策略。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-