大规模网络试验床的鲁棒性设计

一个鲁棒的网络试验床对于因特网新技术的研究、试用和部署都具有极其重要的意义.本文在CERNET2上设计并部署了一个全国规模的纯IPv6网络试验床--6PlanetLab,并设计了"激活协议"来提高试验床的鲁棒性.相比PlanetLab而言,6PlanetLab具有更强的鲁棒性,更低的管理成本.其成功的经验为试验床的鲁棒性设计提供了一个好的解决方案.     

基于PlanetLab平台的校园网DNS服务性能测试方法

随着Internet的发展,DNS服务越来越重要,其性能直接影响互连网应用的访问速度.本文基于PlanetLab平台,研究了校园网DNS服务的分布式测试技术.利用遍布全球的1000多个PlanetLab节点对DNS服务进行性能测试,以得到真实Internet环境下的校园网DNS服务测试结果,用于调整DNS服务策略,提高基础服务能力.本文研究了PlanetLab平台构件的远程部署方法,提出了一种基于PlanetLab平台的DNS slice构件的分布式部署方法.根据PlanetLab平台接口开发标准,开发了slice构件模块,通过设定测试目标地址、测试点数量、发送频率、持续时间、测试协议(IPv4或IPv6)等参数,对DNS服务器进行了全球范围的分布式测试.     

虚拟计算环境业务支撑平台

为了更好地对虚拟计算环境iVCE实验床资源进行组织和控制,并能进行更有效的试验,设计实现了一个业务支撑平台.基于自定义的适合平台数据的通信和传输协议,设计了分布式自适应的目录服务器和作业调度子系统.目录服务器有效整合了实验床平台资源的静态和动态数据,调度子系统有效支撑了平台上应用的部署、运行、调度和管理.在业务支撑平台上进行了网络动态变化下目录查询实验、分布式协同实验,验证了虚拟计算环境体系结构的合理性,为其进一步发展提供了一个可参考的支撑平台.     

CERNET2 IPv6网络层拓扑发现

网络拓扑发现是网络体系结构、路由协议设计和各种网络应用的基础.与一般IPv4拓扑发现技术相比,IPv6的网络层拓扑发现有其自身的特点.本文针对CERNET2 IPv6网络层拓扑发现的需求,提出了改进的基于IPv6源路由Source Routing的IPv6网络层拓扑发现技术,在6PlanetLab实验平台部署了CERNET2网络层拓扑分布式发现系统Detector.Detector主动发出带有源路由Source Routing选项的TCP、UDP和ICMPv6探测包,并建立模型分析得到的ICMPv6响应数据包,研究CERNET2主干网及各下级AS的网络层拓扑结构.实验结果表明,Detector能更迅速地得到更加完整的IPv6网络层拓扑,更好地完成CERNET2网络层拓扑发现.     

基于坐标的网络节点聚类在Internet中的实验研究

在分布式网络应用中,节点聚类是构建高效网络体系结构的有效办法. 网络坐标能够反映节点在Internet中的位置,利用网络坐标可以对网络节点之间的距离进行预测. 在测量各个节点的网络坐标的基础上,利用Triangulated heuristic方法对节点间的网络距离进行预测,提出了网络距离作为参数对网络节点进行分布式聚类的算法,并在PlanetLab分布式实验床遍布全球的156个节点上进行了实际的测量和分析. 分析结果表明,算法能够在网络规模较大的情况下对网络节点进行分布式聚类,算法有较高的可靠性和可扩展性.     

基于Nat-Pt的应用层组播过渡方案

提出了一个基于Nat-Pt和scatter cast的IPv4与IPv6组播的过渡方案.该方案利用scattercast组播体系基于proxy实现的特性,将IPv4的应用层组播和IPv6的IP组播结合在一起,形成一个完整的组播过渡体系.通过在Nat-Pt的两侧设置关键SCX节点,限制了通过Nat-Pt建立的组播通道数量.为提高组播网络的鲁棒性,引入多Nat-Pt协同的连接方式,并设计了多Nat-Pt控制算法.仿真实验结果表明,该组播方案能够实现IPv4向IPv6的平滑过渡,并比单纯的应用层组播有更高的效率,同时网络具有良好的鲁棒性.     

5G 卫星集成网络中控制器与网关可靠部署策略

基于SDN架构的5G-卫星集成网络将是提供全球覆盖和宽带通信最有潜力的方案之一.在该集成网络中,控制器和网关的有效部署是提高网络可靠性、降低时延的关键.虽然控制器和网关部署可以独立求解,但控制器与网关部署的紧耦合特性使得联合部署更有现实意义.分析并建模了5G-卫星集成网络中SDN控制器与卫星网关联合部署的问题,提出了一种基于最大化网络可靠性的控制器与网关联合部署策略,设计了基于模拟退火与粒子群的混合算法.仿真结果表明:与枚举算法、双重模拟退火算法(SASA)等现有算法相比,文中提出的算法具有更低的时间复杂性,并将进一步降低了平均控制时延,提高了网络健壮性.     

面向多描述编码的应用层组播树系统的设计与实现

多描述编码（MDC）在提高P2P流媒体系统的服务质量方面起着重要作用,作为其传输平台的应用层组播树系统的构建及其在高动态网络中的性能研究是目前互联网研究领域中的重要问题.本文针对多描述编码的特点,设计实现了采用确定性组播树管理算法的多组播树系统,并基于PlanetLab分布式实验床分析了系统在P2P流媒体系统中应用的性能.实验结果表明,在节点非正常退出时,采用确定性算法构建的多组播树比单组播树和采用随机性算法构建的多组播树具有更好的数据传输连续性,而系统的恢复能力和数据传输连续性随着系统中组播树数量的增加而增强.     

面向多描述编码的应用层组播树系统的设计与实现

多描述编码 [1-2] (MDC)在提高P2P流媒体系统的服务质量方面起着重要作用,作为其传输平台的应用层组播树系统 [3] 的构建及其在高动态网络中的性能研究是目前互联网研究领域中的重要问题.本文针对多描述编码的特点,设计实现了采用确定性组播树管理算法的多组播树系统,并基于PlanetLab [4] 分布式实验床分析了系统在P2P流媒体系统中应用的性能.实验结果表明,在节点非正常退出时,采用确定性算法构建的多组播树比单组播树和采用随机性算法构建的多组播树具有更好的数据传输连续性,而系统的恢复能力和数据传输连续性随着系统中组播树数量的增加而增强.     

一种大概率强连通鲁棒性的无线传感器网络构造算法

针对无线传感器网络的软硬件必须具备鲁棒性、抗毁性和容错性的特点提出了一个具有大概率强连通鲁棒性的无线传感器网络构造算法并进行了仿真分析.该构造算法不仅具备WSN所要求的鲁棒性、抗毁性,而且也兼顾到传感器节点能量保护和网络功率控制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.