第三代移动通信中的自适应调制和编码方法

在无线信道的多媒体传输中,采用自适应调制技术可以提高传输效率和网络吞吐量,而结合编码码率的自适应调整,能够更大程度地降低系统的中断概率;介绍了改进的自适应功率分配的算法,并在此基础上给出了自适应确定调制级数M和码率R的界限,以用于3G系统的自适应调制和编码,仿真结果表明,应用该自适应调制和编码技术,可降低系统的中断概率达2到3个数量级。     

基于VBLAST系统的并行图像传输策略优化

为了缓解无线信道对图像传输的影响,综合考虑信源编码?信道编码及调制方式,提出了一种自适应VBLAST(vertical Bell labs layered space time)并行图像传输优化策略,该策略可根据信道环境,自适应选择信源编码?信道编码?调制和发送功率以满足并行传输各层的误码率要求,从而综合协调系统资源来提高接收端图像重建质量?数值仿真结果表明,该策略比其他非自适应策略或部分自适应策略在性能上具有明显的优势?     

基于低密度奇偶校验编码的自适应调制方案

为克服无线信道时变衰落特性对传输性能的影响 ,提出了基于低密度奇偶校验 (L DPC)编码的自适应调制传输方案。该方案将所有子信道传输的信息采用同一个 L DPC码进行编码 ,每个子信道根据各自当前的噪声水平动态选取调制方式 ,而各个子信道的瞬时噪声根据 L DPC译码前后信息序列的符号改变情况进行估计。仿真结果表明 :在 Nakaga-mi时变衰落信道下 ,该系统方案可以很好地适应信道的时变衰落特性 ,在满足系统输出误比特率的条件下 ,可以很低的系统复杂度实现信息的最佳传输 ,并获得距离理论极限3d B的良好传输性能     

基于交织多址的自适应传输

交织多址(IDMA)作为一种多址方式,它采用了不同的交织序列实现多用户检测。它具有复杂度低、运算量小、编码分集能力强的特点。当用于复用时,可以作为一种特殊的编码调制方法。该文利用IDMA编码调制分集特性,研究了多通道传输系统中的联合自适应传输中的应用,提出一种简单的信道度量及自适应方法。仿真结果表明,IDMA联合自适应系统可以很好地适应信道估计的误差,即IDMA系统适合于发送端不知道信道局部特性的或不需反馈局部特性的自适应传输。     

自适应视频流的源端编码优化

针对不允许多次重传的实时交互性无线视频业务,优化源端的自适应编码器.主要结合多重描述编码的特点以及无线信道的特性,以编码器输出码流的R-D参数为变量,并基于信道反馈信息,筛选出编码策略.确定拉格朗日公式中各参量的表达式时,重点分析了与源端自适应编码相关的错误隐藏带来的影响,对解码端失真传播进行了详细讨论与推导.此优化策略的计算复杂度低,易于控制.经实验证明:优化编码后的自适应视频流,即使通过误码率较高的无线信道传输,也能在接收端获得良好的回放视频质量.     

自适应格状编码调制

介绍了多维格状编码调制 (MTCM)及其自适应格状编码调制的设计方法 ,并模拟了固定码率TCM与自适应TCM在衰落信道中的误码性能     

用于视频传输的自适应分级正交幅度调制不等保护方法

针对已有用于无线视频传输不等保护的分级正交幅度调制(HQAM)不能适应无线信道时变特性和频率选择性的问题,提出一种自适应HQAM不等保护方法(A-HQAM).首先将视频码流按其对恢复视频质量的重要性划分出不同的优先级,然后根据优先级不同数据允许的误码率上限和子载波信道质量,自适应确定对应的HQAM调制参数,最后将视频数据调制到各子载波上实现不等保护传输.与已有同类方法相比,A-HQAM方法可减小无线信道时变特性和频率选择性的影响,改善恢复视频质量.仿真结果表明,相比基于HQAM的不等保护方法,A-HQAM方法可使恢复视频质量平均提高1dB.     

基于低速率语音的自适应联合编码调制方案

为了在时变衰落的高误码率无线信道上进行实时可靠语音通信,提出一种基于低速率语音的自适应联合信源信道编码与调制传输方案。该方案根据对合成语音质量影响程度不同自适应地将语音参数划分为不同重要性级别,配合采用不同效率的速率匹配的删余卷积码(rate compatiblepunctured code,RCPC)进行保护,在正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division modulation,OFDM)系统的不同子信道上进行传输。各参数均根据当前信道的噪声水平跟踪动态调整,子信道的瞬时噪声根据RCPC译码前后序列符号改变情况进行估计。仿真结果表明:在Nakagami-m时变衰落信道下,该自适应联合编码调制方案可以很好地适应信道地时变衰落特性,在恶劣的信道条件下提供良好的合成语音质量,相对传统分离传输方案,误码率降低20%~30%,语音合成质量明显提高。     

基于低速率语音的自适应联合编码调制方案

为了在时变衰落的高误码率无线信道上进行实时可靠语音通信,提出了一种基于低速率语音的自适应联合信源信道编码与调制传输方案。该方案根据对合成语音质量影响程度不同自适应地将语音参数划分为不同重要性级别,配合采用不同效率的速率匹配的删余卷积码(rate compatible punctured code,RCPC)进行保护,在正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division modulation,OFDM)系统的不同子信道上进行传输。各参数均根据当前信道的噪声水平跟踪动态调整,子信道的瞬时噪声根据RCPC译码前后序列符号改变情况进行估计。仿真结果表明:在Nakagami-m时变衰落信道下,该自适应联合编码调制方案可以很好地适应信道地时变衰落特性,在恶劣的信道条件下提供良好的合成语音质量,相对传统分离传输方案,误码率降低20%-30%,语音合成质量明显提高。     

基于自适应网格编码QAM的渐进图像编码传输方案

为了在无线信道下鲁棒和高效地传输静态渐进图像,基于高效率编码调制系统提出了一种新型编码传输框架。使用支持多种编码传输模式的自适应网格编码正交振幅调制作为脆弱嵌入式压缩渐进码流的编码保护方案,在给定的功率和延迟约束条件下,基于启发式并行搜索算法对待传信源压缩分组的传输功率和编码调制模式进行联合优化,使得图像传输的端对端期望失真最小。经过对不同测试图像在不同功率和延迟约束条件下的仿真,该传输优化方案相对于以往基于不等重功率分配算法的传输优化方案取得了明显性能增益,在Gauss白噪声信道和准静态衰落信道中,接收端重建图像的峰值信噪比分别平均提高了1.33和2.70dB。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.