中国鲎血细胞发生的超微结构变化

中国鲎的血细胞发生于黄色结缔组织中弥散的造血组织．透射电镜观察结果表明．鲎造血组织中血细胞发生过程经历以下几个阶段：血母细胞、原血细胞，浆血细胞和颗粒血细胞．血母细胞位于造血组织中，被基膜包围，核质比大．原血细胞，胞质有所增大。细胞器较少。含少量膜泡．浆血细胞，胞质增大许多，内质网膜大量膜泡化．膜泡内沉积物不断生成，最终发育为血细胞特异性颗粒．早期颗粒血细胞内含少量的大小颗粒．随着细胞内大量大小颗粒的生成，细胞分化进人晚期颗粒血细胞阶段．即将成熟的血细胞逐渐脱离造血组织，移向血窦腔隙．在血淋巴中进一步成熟．     

罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)血细胞的分类与组成

目的:对罗氏沼虾的血细胞进行分类,研究各类血细胞的组成情况.方法:从罗氏沼虾心脏取血制血涂片,经瑞氏染色后光镜观察.结果:根据血细胞的形态、核质比、细胞质颗粒的大小与分布以及染色情况,可将罗氏沼虾的血细胞分为:①透明细胞,其胞质中无明显颗粒,核质比大;②半颗粒细胞,其胞质中含有明显的颗粒,颗粒大小不均,分布不均匀,核质比小;③颗粒细胞,其胞质中含有明显的颗粒,颗粒大小均一,分布均匀,核质比小.结论:罗氏沼虾的血细胞可分为透明细胞、半颗粒细胞和颗粒细胞3类,它们在血细胞中所占比例依次为:颗粒细胞<半颗粒细胞<透明细胞.     

中国鲎黄色结缔组织的研究——Ⅰ.黄色结缔组织显微结构观察

中国鲎黄色结缔组织充满整个机体内部,填充于内脏器官之间,呈浅黄色或棕褐色,为鲎体内重要的组织结构,黄色结缔组织由多种类型的细胞和丰富的细胞间质组成,构成细胞主要有营养细胞、血细胞、类巨噬细胞以及干细胞等,营养细胞是其主要的组成细胞,内含丰富的营养颗粒和脂肪颗粒,鲎的黄色结缔组织分布有大量的造血组织,前体部的黄色结缔组织中分布有数量众多的中肠盲囊。     

中国鲎黄色结缔组织营养细胞超微结构观察

利用透射电镜对中国鲎营养细胞进行超微结构观察．营养细胞为鲎黄色结缔组织的主要构成细胞．营养细胞往往外包基膜，胞质中含有丰富的营养颗粒和脂肪颗粒．营养细胞由结缔组织中的营养母细胞分化而来．营养母细胞的细胞质膜特别发达。胞质少；原始营养细胞胞质增大许多，核质比变小。细胞器增多，特别是线粒体和内质网数量增多；随着营养细胞的发育，胞质中形成大量的营养颗粒和脂肪颗粒．营养颗粒和脂肪颗粒是鲎机体营养的储存库．营养颗粒被消化过程中。形成结构各异的残余体．     

中国鲎血蓝蛋白研究

应用超离心和柱层析结合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）及电镜技术，研究中国鲎血蓝蛋白的结构特点．结果表明，经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００纯化的血蓝蛋白在ＰＡＧＥ电泳中出现４条带．纯化的血蓝蛋白再经ＤＥＡＥ－３２纤维素柱层析得到５个洗脱峰，每个峰在ＰＡＧＥ电泳下可分辨出４条带．在电镜下，血蓝蛋白分子出现环形、五角形、十字形和蝴蝶结形等构型并与其他解离的中间的构型同时存在．     

家蚕血淋巴液中超氧化物歧化酶的研究

家蚕血淋巴液中超氧化物歧化酶的研究王艳郑常文董长江（生物系）通过改良的连苯三酚自氧化法测定ＳＯＤ活性，和由聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）及特异性酶活抑制后活性染色等方法，检测了家蚕血淋巴液中的ＳＯＤ，为进一步研究家蚕的生理、病理等提供了生化依据．１材...     

皱纹盘鲍循环系统和排泄系统的组织学研究

对皱纹盘鲍的循环系统和排泄系统进行了组织学研究，并对二者组织学上的关系进行了探讨．结果表明：鲍循环系统由心脏、血管和许多血窦组成．属于开管式循环．血液由血浆和3种不同形态的血淋巴细胞构成．鲍的排泄系统主要由左右2个肾脏组成．肾脏呈囊状．由肾脏壁和肾实质构成．而肾脏壁由围心腔壁延伸而成．与围心腔壁具有几乎相同的结构．肾小管是肾实质的主耍功能结构，由一层腺上皮细胞构成．肾小管之间充满血窦．循环系统与排泄系统组织结构上的紧密联系有利于代谢产物的排泄．     

南美白对虾血蓝蛋白血细胞凝集活性初探

以采自汕头的南美白对虾为研究对象,采用亲和层析、PAGE、SDS-PAGE、Western-blotting、血细胞凝集实验和糖抑制实验等方法探索南美白对虾血蓝蛋白的血细胞凝集活性.结果发现,血蓝蛋白对实验所选用的鱼、鸡、鼠和人等4种红细胞均具有显著的血细胞凝集活性,凝集活性大小为5~10mg/L,而且其凝集反应可被α-半乳糖、-αD葡萄糖、甘露醇和N-乙酰神经氨酸等4种糖所显著抑制.由此推测,血蓝蛋白确实具有血细胞凝集活性,这对进一步研究血蓝蛋白的免疫学功能具有重要意义.     

中国鲎鲎素抗菌活性

中国鲎血细胞经酸提取后,抽取液经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－５０凝胶与ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ离子交换剂柱层析,分离得到鲎素（ｔａｃｈｙｐｌｅｓｉｎ）．体外（ｉｎｖｉｔｒｏ）实验表明,鲎素在较低浓度下就可抑制革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌）和革兰氏阳性菌（枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌）的生长．其中以葡萄球菌对鲎素的反应最为敏感．其最小致死剂量为１０μｇ／ｍＬ．这表明,鲎素具有很强的抗菌活性．它是鲎血细胞用以抵抗入侵微生物的自我防御系统的主要组份．     

2种虾蛄血淋巴细胞的初步研究

采用记数板记数、常规法涂片对口虾蛄和黑斑口虾蛄的血淋巴细胞进行了显微观察和分析。根据血细胞的大小、形态、核质比、细胞质颗粒数,将口虾蛄和黑斑口虾蛄的血细胞进行分类。结果表明,口虾蛄和黑斑口虾蛄的血细胞可分成3种类型:无颗粒细胞、小颗粒细胞和大颗粒细胞,口虾蛄和黑斑口虾蛄的的平均血细胞密度分别为(1.755±1.086)×103/mL、(1.149±0.832)×103/mL。在此基础上比较了2种虾蛄在不同性别条件下,3种血淋巴细胞在循环血细胞总数中所占比例的变化,并与其他甲壳动物进行了比较。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with