双酚A改性UV固化水性聚氨酯涂料固化工艺的研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚乙二醇(MW=600)和双羟甲基丙酸为主要原料,双酚A作为扩链剂,合成了一种UV固化水性聚氨酯涂料。研究了光引发剂含量、光固化前的干燥条件、固化温度及光照强度对光固化速度的影响。结果表明:干燥条件对光固化速度影响很大,其最佳引发剂含量为5%(wt%),最佳光照时间段为涂装后10~20 min内,固化温度为70℃,随着光照强度的提高,固化速度加快。     

紫外光固化水性聚酯型聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及性能

以甲苯－2,4－二异氰酸酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇、二羟甲基丙酸、丙烯酸－β－羟乙酯为原料合成了光敏性树脂。经三乙胺中和后得到稳定的自乳化体系。用红外光谱对树脂结构进行了分析,讨论了亲水基团含量和中和度对乳液粘度和形态的影响以及亲水基团含量对乳液粒径的影响。考察了二羟甲基丙酸/聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇比例对Tg以及膜基本性能的影响。结果表明,随亲水基团(—COOH)含量的增加和中和度的提高,乳液的分散性和稳定性增强,乳液的粘度亦增大;固化膜的吸水率随—COOH含量的增加而上升;固化膜的Tg随DMPA/PBA比例的增加而上升;固化膜具有良好的性能。     

液态光学胶的固化收缩率的研究

紫外光固化的液态光学胶固化过程中出现的体积收缩现象,严重影响其黏接强度和产品外观.系统研究了液态光学胶预聚物的种类、活性稀释剂的种类和用量、光引发剂的用量、光固化的类型等诸多因素对固化收缩率的影响.研究发现,以聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯作为预聚物可明显降低固化收缩率.当添加的活性稀释剂官能度相同时,胶黏剂的固化收缩率随活性稀释剂相对分子质量的增加而减小;当活性稀释剂相对分子质量相近时,官能度增加,固化收缩率随之增大.而光引发剂的用量则对固化收缩率无明显影响.阳离子型胶黏剂的固化收缩率比自由基型的小,但硬度和黏接强度较低;而混杂型的固化收缩率则介于二者之间.     

DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成

以二聚戊二烯(DCPD)为原料先合成不饱和聚酯二元醇,与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)合成紫外光固化树脂,用三乙胺中和得到稳定的DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(WDUPUA)乳液,同时采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对WDUPUA的结构进行表征。采用单因素变量法探讨了反应温度和反应时间、阻聚剂、n(—NCO)/n(—OH)、DMPA含量和中和剂对合成反应及乳液性能的影响。结果表明:合成过程中第1步反应温度和时间分别为60℃、2.5 h,第2步分别为75℃、4 h,第三步分别为75℃、3 h,阻聚剂用量为0.07%;当n(—NCO)/n(—OH)为1.5、DMPA质量分数为6%、中和度为100%时,为DCPD改性UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的适宜合成工艺条件。     

影响UV固化光纤着色涂料固化速率的因素

本文从光引发剂、涂膜厚度、单体、颜料几个方面研究了影响红、黄、兰三种体系紫外光固化涂料（ UVCC）的固化速率的因素．当光引发剂含量为最佳值时，固化速率可达最大值．不同颜料对固化速率的影响不同，随着颜料含量的增加，固化速率都降低．膜厚对固化速率的影响很大，膜越厚，固化速率越低．一定含量的多官能度单体，可提高 UVCC的固化速率．     

光引发剂对光敏银浆紫外光固化性能的影响

研究了用于光敏银浆的4种光引发剂:1-羟基-环已基-苯基甲酮、1-对甲硫基苯基-2-甲基-2-吗啉基-1-丙酮、1-对吗啉苯基-2-二甲氨基-2-苄基-1-丁酮和2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮.在相同的光敏银浆体系中,添加不同引发剂,进行紫外照射固化、显影、烧结,得到电极图形.通过扫描电镜和铅笔硬度法比较了单引发体系和复合引发体系对固化性能的影响,其中单引发体系引发剂用量为1%～7%,复合引发体系中2种单引发剂质量比为1∶7～2∶1,用量为1%～8%.实验结果表明,复合引发体系引发效率高于单引发体系,尤以1-对甲硫基苯基-2-甲基-2-吗啉基-1-丙酮与2-异丙基硫杂蒽酮复合质量比为4∶1～3∶1时光引发效果最好; 当体系中复合引发剂含量为5%时,固化效果最好,固化时间选择以30 s为佳.     

紫外光固化竹木亚光涂料的研制

研究了齐聚物、消光剂、光引发剂和活性稀释剂的种类及含量,对紫外光(UV)固化竹木亚光涂料的固化速度、光泽度和硬度的影响.通过对大量实验的分析和探讨,得出了最佳涂料配方,为竹木亚光涂料的应用提供了理论与实践基础.     

紫外固化中光敏促进剂对固化速度的影响

主要研究在紫外固化过程中氯化亚锡光敏促进剂对凝胶固化速度的影响.从光敏剂的反应机理上分析和氯化亚锡的紫外吸收光谱测试研究表明:氯化亚锡促进剂在反应中起到了敏化剂的作用;在光引发剂中加入适量的光敏促进剂(SnCl2)对体系凝胶固化速度有很大的提高.     

紫外光固化水性聚酯丙烯酸酯的合成与感光性能

合成了一系列含有羧基的矛酯丙烯酸酯,并进上步制成水溶性紫外光固化树脂,研究了因体组分、中和剂、中和程度、树脂结构等对树脂水溶液性及感光性的影响。     

一种新型高耐磨性紫外光固化路标涂料的研制

选用纳米TiO2作为填料,经表面亲油改性,采用活性单体交联和紫外光固化,制备了一种新型高耐磨性路标涂料.讨论了TiO2、光引发剂、活性单体用量及种类对涂料耐磨性的影响.结果表明:较适宜的添加量为:纳米TiO2用量为12%(W);活性单体为双官能度且用量10%;光引发剂用量为6%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-