动态三次指数平滑法及应用实例

传统的指数模型多用于处理线性趋势的时间序列,本文在此基础上建立了可以处理非线性时间序列数据的动态三次指数平滑模型。以拟合值与源数据误差的平方和为评价指标,通过使得该指标最小来计算最优时间序列系数,建立三次动态指数平滑模型。评价指标类似于评价函数,对模型自动评价,从而提高模型的适应能力,提高模型的计算精度。通过对实际时间序列的分析,进一步证明通过误差评价指标评价的方法建立的动态指数平滑可以降低误差,使预测更加精确。     

自适应动态三次指数平滑法在交通预测中的应用

针对传统三次指数平滑法预测模型中平滑系数固定不变、难以跟踪时间序列随时间变化的因素、无法反应不同时间段历史数据对预测结果的影响等缺点,提出了一种改进的动态三次指数平滑法.该方法通过误差平方、最小原则和地毯式搜索算法来获得动态调整的平滑因子,对波动范围较大且呈非线性变化规律的数据有很强的适应性.将自适应动态三次指数平滑法与SARIMA模型、三次指数平滑法进行对比,由铁路旅客发送量的仿真实例分析结果可知,自适应动态三次指数平滑法能更好地适应时间序列的变化趋势,具有良好的预测精度.     

粗铜冶炼中铜锍品位的动态预测模式 —AR（p）与指数平滑最优组合法

提出了一种对铜锍品位进行预测的新方法 ,即以采集的现场数据为基础 ,采用系统辨识动态地建立了AR(p)模型与三次指数平滑模型 .AR(p)模型要求数据对象是平稳时间序列 ,而三次指数平滑模型的数据对象具有随机性 ,考虑到铜锍品位的波动性 ,将 2种模型按最小二乘原理 ,以组合预测误差平方和为目标函数 ,通过使误差平方和极小化来确定 2种预测方法的最优加权系数 ,建立了一种新的组合模型 ,其预测误差最小 .结果表明 ,在当时数据条件下 ,AR(p)与指数平滑组合模型比AR(p)与指数平滑模型单独使用时精确度都要高 ,这对指导生产具有实用意义 .     

指数平滑模型的新构思

从二次指数平滑模型着手，针对现有指数平滑模型存在的平滑初值难以确定，平滑参数难以选取等问题，提出避免选取平滑初值的修正二次指数平滑模型，以及用斐波那契算法优选平滑参数的方法，预测了江苏省２０００年的农业总产值，结果表明预测精度有所提高，针对二次指数平滑模型的新构思对其它指数平滑模型同样适用。     

动态三次指数平滑法及应用实例

传统的指数模型多用于处理线性趋势的时间序列,本文在此基础上建立了可以处理非线性时间序列数据的动态三次指数平滑模型.以拟合值与源数据误差的平方和为评价指标,通过使得该指标最小来计算最优时间序列系数,建立三次动态指数平滑模型.评价指标类似于评价函数,对模型自动评价,从而提高模型的适应能力,提高模型的计算精度.通过对实际时间...     

基于改进指数平滑法的岩体边坡变形预测

结合VisualBasic.NET编程技术提出了二次和三次指数平滑预测模型参数α的优化改进方法,建立了参数最优的二次和三次指数平滑法预测模型.基于锦屏一级水电站左岸高边坡工程部分监测数据,应用指数平滑法基本原理建立二次指数平滑法和三次指数平滑法预测模型,并应用该模型对左岸高边坡某工程部位监测位移等变形物理量进行预测预报分析,结果表明,改进的预测模型预测结果准确有效,与后期实际监测位移比较误差较小.     

应用指数平滑技术预测边坡位移

应用趋势型指数平滑模型根据其观测值的数据特点（具线性趋势）,选取趋势型二次指数平滑的线性 预测公式和相应at,bt的计算公式及合适的平滑系数值进行计算,预测了某市滑坡区５号监测点的位移量。预 测结果表明,该方法应用于斜坡变形位移的预测,可使预测值与实际位移值之间的误差很小。     

指数平滑技术在重庆市煤炭需求预测中的应用

指数平滑技术是进行预测决策的有效方法．以实际数据为基础,结合重庆市近年来煤炭实际消耗量数据的特点（具线性趋势）,建立了重庆市煤炭需求量的趋势型二次指数平滑模型,并研究了指数平滑模型在重庆市煤炭需求预测中的应用．结果表明,预测值与实际消耗量之间的误差很小,说明此模型可很好地应用于煤炭需求的中短期预测,为重庆市能源决策提供可靠的依据．     

指数平滑模型在山西省GDP预测中的应用

利用二次指数平滑模型,选取合适的平滑系数,对山西省GDP进行了预测,得到近期山西省年度GDP数据,并且得出此模型在近期预测中的效果较好。     

道路交通事故的三次指数平滑预测法

为准确预测道路交通事故死亡人数和有效解决道路交通安全问题,以中国2001~2012年交通事故死亡人数的统计数据为研究对象,首先,采用三次指数平滑法,建立三次指数交通事故预测模型,对道路交通事故数据进行拟合与预测分析,绘制了中国道路交通事故的未来发展趋势图;然后,通过与一次指数平滑法、二次指数平滑法进行对比分析,得出了三次指数平滑法预测精度较高,预测值与实际值相符合的结论;最后,预测出2013年和2014年的道路交通事故死亡人数.研究结果表明:三次指数平滑法预测模型适用于短期预测,对有效预测道路交通事故具有一定的参考价值和指导意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.