基于SVPWM控制的T型逆变器的研究

由于Z源逆变器的输出电压具有较宽的输出范围,谐波含量较少,可以完成单级并网,在电能变换系统中多有应用。为了进一步提高电压增益和减少谐波含量,提出采用T源逆变器对Z源逆变器的电路拓扑进行改进,其特殊的T源网络减少了无源器件的使用,采用改进的SVPWM技术控制T源逆变器,在Matlab/Simulink下进行仿真实验,仿真结果验证了该逆变器拓扑的优点。     

单相光伏并网逆变器控制策略的仿真

本文针对小型光伏并网装置,提出了一种新的控制策略.对单相太阳能光伏并网系统的工作原理进行了分析,建立了光伏并网系统的数学模型,由于锁相环技术可以使逆变器输出的电流与电网电压基本同频同相,电网电压前馈可以抵消电网对光伏并网系统的影响,从而提出了基于锁相环技术和电压前馈控制相结合的复合控制策略.在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了系统仿真模型,并分别采取了不同的控制策略进行仿真.结果表明,文中提出的控制策略可以使光伏并网系统输出更好的并网电流波形,降低总谐波畸变率.     

基于MATLAB的单相光伏并网系统仿真设计

介绍了一种单相光伏并网系统仿真设计方法。根据光伏电池的数学模型建立了光伏阵列MATLAB仿真模型,利用S-Function函数编程实现了电导增量法的MPPT算法,在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下,利用SimPowerSystems库搭建了单相光伏并网系统动态仿真模型,仿真结果表明,光伏电池输出功率能很好的保持在最大功率点,逆变器输出电压的频率和相位与电网电压的频率和相位相同,真正实现了并网。     

电网波动下并网逆变器的解耦双同步法研究

电网电压不平衡时,并网系统中含有正、负序电压分量.由于负序电压分量的存在,使用传统控制策略时系统中会出现大量谐波,影响逆变器输出电流质量.针对此问题,提出一种基于解耦双同步的四闭环并网逆变器控制算法,对正、负序电压分量进行分离控制,能有效减小负序电压分量的影响.在Matlab/Simulink中搭建模型分别对电网电压不平衡时采用传统控制策略和基于解耦双同步控制策略的控制过程进行仿真对比研究.仿真结果表明基于解耦双同步的并网逆变器控制算法可有效减小负序电压产生的谐波,提高逆变器输出电流质量.     

基于FPGA的光伏并网逆变器控制系统的研究

提出一种利用FPGA实现的光伏并网逆变器控制系统.在分析Boost型DC/DC转换器和电压源型逆变器组成的光伏并网逆变器硬件结构的基础上,对最大功率跟踪、SVPWM调制、并网控制等关键控制环节进行了研究,通过在FPGA内搭建AD采样控制、数据处理、最大功率算法、SVPWM发生、PI控制器、数字锁相环等模块实现该控制系统.搭建应用该控制系统的3kW光伏并网逆变器样机,在分布式发电实验平台运行,结果验证了该FPGA控制系统的可靠性,证明了其并行运算能力有助于提高控制效率和光伏并网系统的输出电能质量.     

基于模糊控制单相光伏并网系统的设计

阐述了单相光伏并网系统主电路的组成及控制系统的设计。针对光伏电池非线性强的缺点,将模糊控制方法应用到光伏系统的M PPT控制,实现系统快速响应外部环境变化。同时,逆变系统采用电压外环-电流内环的双闭环控制策略,能控制输出电流波形,提高系统动态响应速度,实现电流的快速检测,抑制电网电压扰动,确保逆变器输出功率因数趋于1。实验结果验证了设计的合理性和正确性。     

基于PR控制的三相光伏发电并网逆变器研究

在光伏发电并网过程中,为了不影响电网的质量,必须保证光伏发电系统的输出电流与电网电压在频率、相位和幅值上保持高度一致。为了使光伏并网逆变器输出的并网电流满足相关的并网标准,选择合适的并网滤波器以及并网控制策略是关键。为了提高并网电流的质量,减少并网谐波电流对电网的污染,选择带LCL滤波器的三相全桥逆变电路。在并网控制策略上选择基于并网电流和电容电流的双环电流控制,将PR控制引入到双环控制系统中,从理论上分析了PR控制能实现对并网正弦参考电流的零稳态误差跟踪和抗电网电压干扰。将双环电流控制和SVPWM相结合,通过仿真实验证实了系统的稳定性。     

基于准PR控制方法的三相光伏并网逆变器研究

光伏并网逆变器的控制方法是实现光伏系统顺利并网的关键.为了提高并网电流的质量,减少并网谐波对电网的干扰,选用LCL型三相光伏并网逆变电路.在并网控制方法上采用基于并网电流和电容电流的准比例谐振(QPR)双环控制方法,同时引入电网电压前馈补偿,并与SVPWM相结合.在MATLAB/Simulink下的仿真结果表明,该控制方法可以实现对基波正弦量的无静差跟踪,提高了系统的稳定性,对光伏并网发电系统的实际运行具有重要意义.     

光伏电池的最大功率跟踪以及并网逆变

光伏并网系统成本昂贵是阻碍其市场应用的重要原因,采用无直流传感器的光伏电池最大功率跟踪,在一定程度上降低了控制系统的成本,成为目前研究的热点内容。但目前文献提出的无传感器的光伏电池输出电流、电压的估算方法在估算精度、实时性、以及动态响应能力方面都具有一定的缺陷,使光伏电池的最大跟踪难以达到满意的效果,从而影响到光伏并网系统的输出性能。针对以上问题,提出了基于自适应滑模观测器实现的光伏电池输出电压的估算。该算法对外来干扰,模型参数误差具有良好的抑制能力和对光伏电池输出电压的跟踪具有良好的实时性、精确度。仿真和实验结果均验证了的通过该自适应滑模观测器实现的光伏电池最大功率跟踪和系统的输出具有良好的性能。     

光伏并网发电控制系统的研究

针对光伏并网发电系统的控制方法,分析了太阳能电池的基本原理,给出了太阳能电池的功率输出特性;为了使太阳能电池能够最大效率地将太阳能转化为电能,给出了采用电导增量法的太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪的控制策略;对于光伏并网逆变器,采用的是全桥逆变电路,其直流侧为电压型输入,交流侧为电流型输出,并通过滞环比较的控制方式对并网输出电流进行控制;最后建立了并网发电系统的仿真模型并进行仿真,结果显示并网电流能够很好的跟踪电网电压。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the