基于香豆素与CdTe量子点间的荧光共振能量转移检测超痕量Hg~(2+)的研究

分别合成了3-巯基丙酸稳定的CdTe@SiO2量子点和双臂香豆素金属离子荧光探针前体(BCP),并将BCP固定于CdTe@SiO2表面上形成Hg2+探针-CdTe@SiO2@BCP,建立了基于Hg2+对CdTe@SiO2@BCP量子点的荧光猝灭定量检测Hg2+的新方法。考察了pH值等因素的影响。在最佳实验条件下,可测定5.0×10-8~1.0×10-4mol·L-1的Hg2+,检出限为6.7×10-9mol·L-1,可应用于实际样品中超痕量Hg2+的测定。     

Fluorescent immunosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer between CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and Au nanorods for PRRSV detection

An ultrasensitive and selective sandwich-type fluorescent immunosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and Au nanorods (AuNRs) was developed for the rapid detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Modified CdSe/ZnS QDs and AuNRs were bioconjugated with primary antibodies M and GP5, respectively. When the target antigen was present, a well-known sandwich-type form CdSe/ZnS QDs-M antibody-antigen-GP5 antibody-AuNRs was produced, and thus reducing the distance between the QDs and NRs. As a result, FRET occurred and the fluorescence intensity of CdSe/ZnS QDs decreased, and this decrease was used to determine the antigen concentration. Ultrasensitive detection of PRRSV at low concentrations in swine serum was achieved with a limit of detection of 0.55 TCID₅₀/mL and a linear detection range of 10¹–3.5 ?× ?10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL. Therefore, the fluorescent immunosensor is selective and highly sensitive; specifically, it can detect PRRSV at low concentrations in swine serum over a large concentration range. This proposed detection method can facilitate the development of high-performance fluorescent immunosensors for the detection of PRRSV and other antigens.     

Preparation of multi-color quantum dots and its application to immunohistochemical analysis

Quantum dots （QDs） have the potential to be used in the multiplexed bioanalysis for their unique property： multi-color QDs can be excited at the same single wavelength light. In this work, high quantum yield multi-color core/shell QDs were prepared. After being water-solubilized by amphiphilic polymer based on self-assembling, the QDs would be labeled by two different IgGs and used in the multiplexed biodetection. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer （FRET） should be avoided in the multiplexed biodetection. In this work, spectral analysis showed that no FRET appeared in watersoluble QDs modified by amphiphilic polymer. The immunofluorescence in vitro indicated that the QDs- IgGs bioconjugates had excellent species-specific detection ability with nearly non-specific binding. The setting of this model will help to support the application of multi-color QDs in the multiplexed bioanalysis communities.     

基于硫化钼量子点的心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ无标记型电化学发光免疫传感检测

基于硫化钼量子点(MoS_2 QDs)/过二硫酸钾(K_2S_2O_8)电化学发光(ECL)体系,构建了灵敏检测心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)无标记型免疫传感器新方法.将发光材料MoS_2 QDs与还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合形成MoS_2 QDs-rGO纳米复合物,然后组装构建传感器.在优化条件下,对cTnI检测的线性范围为1.0×10~(-9)～1.0×10~(-4) g/L(R=0.998),检出限为4.9×10~(-10) g/L(R_(SN)=3).将提出的方法应用于实际人血清样品中cTnⅠ含量的测定,RSD在1.0%～2.6%范围,加标回收率在98.0%～110.0%之间.讨论了反应机理.     

基于 In$_{{\bf 1}-x}$Ga$_{x}$P 梯度合金核无镉量子点的制备及 LED 应用

低毒性磷化铟量子点(indium phosphide quantum dot, InP QD)作为最有可能取代有毒重金属镉基量子点的材料, 已经在下一代商业显示和照明领域中显示出巨大潜力. 然而, 合成具有高荧光量子产率(photoluminescence quantum yield, PL QY)的InP QD 仍然具有挑战性. 因此, 提出了以乙酰丙酮镓作为镓源, 在高温下通过乙酰丙酮基对表面配体的活化作用, 生成具有梯度合金核的 In$_{1-x}$Ga$_{x}$P/ZnSe/ZnS 量子点, 有效解决了原有的 InP 与 ZnSe 之间晶格失配的问题; 同时减少核壳界面缺陷, 使量子点的荧光量子产率高达 82%, 所制备量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light-emitting diode, QLED)的外量子效率(external quantum efficiency, EQE)达到 3.1%. 相比传统的 InP/ZnSe/ZnS 结构量子点, In$_{1-x}$Ga$_{x}$P/ZnSe/ZnS 量子点荧光量子产率提高了 25%, 器件的外量子效率提高了近一倍. 该方案为解决 InP 量子点荧光量子产率低、发光器件性能差等问题提供了新的思路.     

CdSe量子点修饰物DSPE-PAA对其荧光增强效应的研究

采用有机热溶剂法制备出荧光量子效率高、单分散性良好的油溶性CdSe半导体量子点,将其用水溶性低分子量两性聚合物DSPE-PAA[poly（acylicacid）-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine,聚丙烯酸-1,2-二硬脂酰-sn-丙三醇-3-磷脂酰乙醇胺]进行修饰,得到水溶性和生物相容性良好的量子点。用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和荧光光谱等方法对CdSe纳米微粒的结构、形貌和光学特性分别进行了表征。并探讨和研究了在修饰过程中发生的DSPE-PAA对量子点由于荧光共振能量转移（FRET）作用产生的量子点荧光增强的现象。     

Research progress of self-organized Ge quantum dots on Si substrate

A review is presented on recent research development of self-organized Ge/Si quantum dots (QDs).Emphasis is put on the morphological evolution of the Ge quantum dots grown on Si (001) substrate,the structure analysis of multilayer Ge QDs,the optical and electronic properties of these nanostructures,and the approaches to fabricating ordered Ge quantum dots.     

Novel Hybrid SiO_2/ZnS Coated CdTe/CdS Quantum Dots and Their Bioapplications

Novel CdTe/CdS quantum dots(QDs)coated with a hybrid of SiO_2 and ZnS were fabricated through a simple two-step approach.The hybrid SiO_2/ZnS coated CdTe/CdS quantum dots was characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),UV and fluorescence spectrometer.Results indicated that the core-shell structure gave the QDs outstanding photoluminescence properties,includinganarrowphotoluminescencespectrum,high photoluminescence(PL)quantum yield and long emission lifetime(average PL lifetime of increased from 26.4 ns to 49.1 ns).Cellular studies showed the QDs had good cytocompatibility with Hela cells as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay after coating SiO_2/ZnS,and also proved the feasibility of using the hybrid SiO_2/ZnS coated QDs as optical probes for in vitro cell imaging.The synthesis method of QDs is highly promising for the production of robust and functional optical probes for bio-imaging and sensing applications.     

CdS-Eu(Ⅲ)体系荧光恢复的磷酸根离子可视化测定

以聚丙烯酸(PAA)为稳定剂,成功合成了水溶性的CdS量子点(QDs).CdS QDs表面的羧基能与Eu³⁺ 结合导致QDs聚集,有效引发QDs间能量的转移,致使CdS QDs荧光显著猝灭.当加入PO^3-₄时,由于PO^3-₄与Eu³⁺的结合能力强于CdS QDs表面的羧基,CdS QDs荧光强度又逐渐恢复.由此建立一种基于CdS-Eu(Ⅲ)体系荧光恢复可视化测定磷酸根离子的新方法.该方法灵敏、简单,检测限为0.078 μmol·L^-1.     

原位构筑CdSe核-ZnS壳结构复合量子点及其光学性能研究

首次利用油酸-液体石蜡原位构筑CdSe核-ZnS壳结构复合量子点材料.透射电镜显示了CdSe核-ZnS壳结构;紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱及激光共聚焦等结果,表明所制得的CdSe核-ZnS壳结构复合量子点材料具有明显的增强量子点的荧光效率的特点.     

CdSe/巯基-β-环糊精量子点的纯化及应用

以单-(6-巯基)-β-环糊精作为修饰剂,在水溶液中合成了稳定的CdSe量子点(CdSe/CD QDs),并系统考察了溶剂的种类及加入量对量子点纯化效果的影响.同时研究了该量子点在2种细菌标记及分子识别的应用.结果表明:2倍体积的乙腈完全沉淀CdSe/CD QDs所用的时间最短,纯化后荧光强度略有增强.CdSe/CD ...     

Electroluminescence from single monolayers of nanocrystals in molecular organic devices

The integration of organic and inorganic materials at the nanometre scale into hybrid optoelectronic structures enables active devices that combine the diversity of organic materials with the high-performance electronic and optical properties of inorganic nanocrystals. The optimization of such hybrid devices ultimately depends upon the precise positioning of the functionally distinct materials. Previous studies have already emphasized that this is a challenge, owing to the lack of well-developed nanometre-scale fabrication techniques. Here we demonstrate a hybrid light-emitting diode (LED) that combines the ease of processability of organic materials with the narrow-band, efficient luminescence of colloidal quantum dots (QDs). To isolate the luminescence processes from charge conduction, we fabricate a quantum-dot LED (QD-LED) that contains only a single monolayer of QDs, sandwiched between two organic thin films. This is achieved by a method that uses material phase segregation between the QD aliphatic capping groups and the aromatic organic materials. In our devices, where QDs function exclusively as lumophores, we observe a 25-fold improvement in luminescence efficiency (1.6 cd A(-1) at 2,000 cd m(-2)) over the best previous QD-LED results. The reproducibility and precision of our phase-segregation approach suggests that this technique could be widely applicable to the fabrication of other hybrid organic/inorganic devices.     

Optical detection of acetylcholine esterase based on CdTe quantum dots

In this study, we have constructed a simple, sensitive and rapid biosensor for detection of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) based on CdTe quantum dots (QDs). The detection limit of AChE by one-step enzyme reaction based on the thiolglycolic acid (TGA) stabilized QDs (TGA-QDs) was 10 U/L and the linear range was 10-100 and 100-1200 U/L, respectively. The detection limit of AChE by two-step enzyme reaction based on the 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MGA) stabilized QDs (MGA-QDs) was found to be 20 U/L and the linear range was 100-2500 U/L. The experimental conditions of biosensors were optimized, and the detection mechanism was studied. We also detected AChE in serum samples based on TGA-QDs or MGA-QDs. The linear range was 10-140 and 50-1000 U/L, respectively. The excellent performance of this novel biosensor demonstrated that this strategy has prodigious potential to be applied in practice detection of AChE.     

基于稀土复合纳米粒子的新型荧光共振能量移体系的建立及研究

采用简便的超声合成方法,成功的制备了稀土复合纳米粒子Tb/acety acetone(acac)/Polyacrylamide(PAM).该复合纳米粒子具有较高的稳定性,良好的分散性.基于该稀土复合纳米粒子为供体,罗丹明B为受体,建立了一种新型高效的荧光共振能量转移(FRET)体系.实验结果表明该供体-受体对之间具有较高的能量转移效率.     

水溶性MPA-CdSe量子点的可控合成与荧光性能研究

用巯基丙酸(MPA)作为稳定剂,合成了水溶性的MPA-CdSe量子点,研究反应温度和反应时间对量子点性能的影响.通过紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、XRD等方法分别对其结构、分散性及形貌进行了表征.结果表明:当反应温度为110℃,反应时间为5h时,所合成的MPA-CdSe量子点具有良好的分散性(纳米尺寸约2~3nm),且具有优异的发光特性,其量子产率可达83%.     

Interfacial polaron in quantum dots and luminescent porous silicon

Polaronic effect is important in the current researches on quantum dots (QD). This paper reported a new concept of the "confined polaron", their size dependent formation possibilities and energy variation in different QD systems, with an indication of contribution from both intrinsic and/or extrinsic phonons. To understand the spectro-scopic characteristics of porous silicon (PS), we find that luminescence behavior of oxidized porous silicon is in good agreement with the model of interfacial confined polaron in QDs. This conclusion is useful to unveiling the mechanmism of PS luminescence.     

CdTe/CdS量子点荧光探针测定痕量汞(Ⅱ)

在水溶液中合成巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe/CdS量子点(QDs),再基于Hg2+与CdTe/CdS量子点的荧光猝灭作用,建立用CdTe/CdS量子点作为荧光探针检测微量汞的新方法,并用该方法测定水中汞的含量。研究表明,pH值为6.24的磷酸缓冲溶液中,量子点浓度为3.75×10-4mol/L时,Hg2+离子浓度在2.3～150μg/L范围与CdTe/CdS量子点荧光猝灭强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9985,检出限为0.87μg/L,回收率为99.0%～107.5%。该方法检测效果好,可用于实际样品分析。     

荧光探针自组装膜对久效磷农药的检测

采用CdSe量子点作为荧光探针,将巯基丙酸稳定的CdSe、聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACHE)通过静电吸引法,层层组装到石英表面,构建一种荧光性自组装多层膜Quartz/PDDA/CdSe/PDDA/ACHE/PDDA.利用有机磷农药对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制机理,成功地将自组装膜用于痕量久效磷农药的检测.实验表明,在乙酰胆碱酯酶被抑制16 min,底物乙酰胆碱浓度为8.8 mmol.L-1的条件下,该膜对久效磷的检测限低至48.64 nmol.L-1.所构建的自组装膜稳定性较好、灵敏度较高,可以再生使用.     

CdSe/ZnS量子点荧光猝灭法测定农药甲胺磷

基于农药甲胺磷对CdSe/ZnS量子点荧光猝灭的现象,建立了一种简单快速测定农药甲胺磷的新方法.在最佳实验条件下,CdSe/ZnS量子点的荧光猝灭程度与甲胺磷浓度在4.72×10-7～7.08×10-6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.998 8,检出限为2.5×10-7 mol/L.本法已成功用于大米及莴苣叶菜中农药甲胺磷残留的检测,加入回收率在91.7%～106.7%之间.利用紫外-可见光谱及透射电子显微镜技术,探讨了甲胺磷对CdSe/ZnS量子点荧光的猝灭机理.     

III族氮化物量子点中类氢施主杂质位置对束缚激子结合能的影响

在有效质量近似下,运用变分方法,考虑内建电场效应和量子点(QD)的三维约束效应的情况下,研究了类氢施主杂质在量子点中的位置对III族氮化物量子点中束缚激子结合能的影响。结果表明:当类氢施主杂质位于量子点中心时,对于InxGa1-xN/GaN量子点,量子点高度和In含量存在临界值,当参数大于临界值时,约束在QD中束缚激子的结合能升高,激子态的稳定性增强,提高了激子的离解温度,使人们能在较高的温度条件下观察到半导体量子点吸收谱中的激子峰。而类氢施主杂质总是使束缚在GaN/A lxGa1-xN量子点中激子的结合能升高,载流子被更强的约束在量子点中。说明对GaN/A lxGa1-xN量子点,杂质使人们能在更高温度下观察到量子点中的激子。类氢施主杂质位于量子点上界面时,束缚激子的结合能最大,系统最稳定;随着施主杂质下移,激子结合能减小,激子的离解温度下降。