自锚式斜拉-悬吊协作体系动力特性及模型试验研究

自锚式斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥作为一种新的大跨径桥型,综合了悬索桥和斜拉桥的特点,对其动力特性的研究十分重要.利用大型通用程序ANSYS建立空间有限元模型,用子空间迭代法对这种新型结构的动力特性进行了计算分析.同时通过动力模型试验对其动力特性进行研究,模型试验结果与理论分析相吻合,说明用现有的有限位移理论分析自锚式斜拉-悬吊协作体系的动力特性,并进行抗风、抗震设计是可靠的.     

CFRP索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥的动力特性及地震响应分析

采用非线性有限元法,对主跨800 m的CFRP索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥的动力特性及地震响应进行了计算,并与钢索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥进行对比分析.结果表明:此跨径下的斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥前10阶自振频率为0.1~0.7 Hz,振型表现出明显的三维性及相互耦合等特点;CFRP索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥振型相同的各阶自振频率,高于相同结构布置形式的钢索体系桥,表明将传统钢索替换为CFRP索有利于结构抵抗低频激励;在地震波作用下,CFRP索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥的位移响应值与钢索桥接近,但内力响应值较钢索桥小;在响应的衰减速度方面,CFRP索斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥衰减速度较钢索桥快,在抗震性能上具有一定优势.     

大跨径自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥非线性随机静力分析

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥综合了斜拉桥和自锚式悬索桥的特点,完全取消了庞大的锚碇,为深海软基建设大跨径桥梁提供了一种理想方案.对自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥进行了确定性非线性分析并应用响应面法进行了非线性随机静力分析,算例研究结果表明,各种随机变量的变异对自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥响应影响规律不同,同其他随机变量相比,主缆弹性模量和截面面积的变异对桥梁跨中挠度影响最为显著,其次是钢主梁参数,而吊杆参数的变异对其影响可以忽略不计.     

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥非线性分析

阐述自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥几何非线性特征,分析混凝土收缩徐变、主缆矢跨比和主梁拱度对协作体系的影响.应用线性理论、线性二阶理论和非线性理论对一座主跨800m的自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥进行分析,得到主梁、主塔在活载作用下不同矢跨比和主梁拱度下的弯矩和位移.分析表明:主跨800m的自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥可以采用较简单的线性二阶理论进行近似活载计算,其误差不超过6%;混凝土收缩徐变对结构受力影响较大;整体刚度优于悬索桥;主缆、主梁轴力和刚度随着矢跨比的增大而减小;主梁设置拱度可以提高体系整体刚度.     

多塔斜拉悬吊协作桥活载效应近似计算方法

根据斜拉-悬吊协作桥的受力特点,建立结构简化计算模型.基于悬索桥重力刚度理论,推导多塔斜拉-悬吊协作桥的悬吊部分在活载作用下的竖向位移表达式.针对多塔斜拉-悬吊协作桥的关键力学问题,应用推导出的竖向位移表达式,给出主梁最大活载挠度、塔顶纵向位移、主缆恒活载轴力和中塔主缆抗滑移系数等关键力学参数的估算公式.建立主跨为600,1 080和1 400m的三塔斜拉-悬吊协作桥和主跨为1 400m的二至六塔斜拉-悬吊协作桥有限元模型,较全面地验证所推导的公式.结果表明:对于三塔斜拉-悬吊协作桥,关键力学参数的最大误差为15%左右;对于四塔及以上斜拉-悬吊协作桥,关键力学参数的最大误差为20%左右.     

拉悬吊协作桥的施工控制与吊索疲劳控制研究

斜拉 -悬吊协作体系 (简称拉吊协作桥 )具有结构新颖、美观 ,受力合理 ,抗风性能好 ,施工安全方便和造价低的优点 ,在软土地基、强台风下尤能突出其优越性 ,是超大跨度桥梁体系中极具竞争力的桥梁 .但是 ,由于斜拉与悬吊两部分结构的施工方法和受力机理的差异 ,使得结构在施工阶段的控制问题和运营阶段吊索的疲劳问题成为推广应用斜拉 -悬吊协作桥的主要障碍 .据此 ,结合协作桥的施工方法 ,先定成桥合理状态 ,再分别确定斜拉和悬索部分的施工状态 ,实现其施工控制 ;采用改变结构体系等措施 ,实现吊索的疲劳控制 .拉悬吊协作桥的施工控制与吊…     

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥基于强度的极限跨径分析

推导了自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥的极限跨径,分析了其极限跨径与结构几何参数、荷载和材料特性的关系.从材料强度出发,并结合目前桥梁常用的材料,对混凝土主梁和钢主梁自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥在竖向静荷载作用下的极限跨径进行了具体研究,得到了相应的极限跨径上限和各因素对极限跨径的影响.分析结果表明,增大矢跨比、高跨比和斜拉段长度比例,减小二期恒载,均可以提高协作体系的跨径.     

拉吊协作桥的施工控制与吊索疲劳控制研究

斜拉－悬吊协作体系具有结构新颖、美观、受力合理、抗风性能好,施工安全和介低的优点,在软土地基、强风地区尤能突出其优越性,在超大跨桥型中极具有竞争力,但是,由于斜拉与悬吊两部分结构的施工方法和受力机理有差异,使得结构在施工阶段的控制问题和运营阶段吊索的疲劳问题成为推广应用该桥型的主要障碍,据此结合协作的施工方法,先定成桥合理状态,再分别确定斜拉和悬吊部分的施工状态,实现其施工控制;采用改变结构体系等     

自锚式斜拉-悬吊协作体系桥静风响应分析

自锚式斜拉-悬吊协作体系是一种新型桥梁结构形式,存在着抗风稳定性等技术难题.采用计算缆索承重桥静风响应的方法,研究了金州海湾大桥方案桥在静风作用下,主梁初始攻角与附加攻角、桩基础刚度、缆索体系风荷载和拉索分段对主梁和桥塔静风位移的影响.研究结果表明:附加攻角对方案桥的静风位移影响不大;如果不考虑桩基础刚度的影响会严重低估结构的侧向位移;在缆索体系风荷载作用下的侧向位移占总体位移的20%左右.     

独塔自锚式悬索桥动力特性和地震反应谱计算分析

以主跨248 m的南京某独塔自锚式悬索桥设计方案为背景,采用MIDAS/Civil 2006有限元程序建立全桥空间模型,利用子空间迭代法计算了该结构的自振周期和振型,并应用反应谱方法计算了该桥地震响应.对同类桥型的动力研究具有参考意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.