微波消解GFAAS法测定动物骨中铅和镉

通过考察各种微波消解因素对微波消解效果的影响,以及通过对石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定条件的优化,建立了用微波消解石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定动物骨中铅和镉的分析方法.结果表明,最佳微波消解条件为消解压力15 MPa;消解时间5 min.最佳石墨炉测定条件为铅灰化温度800℃,原子化温度1300℃;镉的灰化温度900℃,原子化温度1200℃.方法线性范围为铅1.566~50 ng/mL;镉0.0745~5 ng/mL.方法检出限为铅0.3132 ng/mL;镉0.0149 ng/mL.样品测定的RSD小于5.0%,加标回收率在88.36%~110%之间.     

氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定血液中的铅

利用AFS-920双道原子荧光光度计,采用氢化物一原子荧光法测定血液中的铅含量,并通过试验确定了仪器工作参数：载流、屏蔽气流量,介质和掩蔽剂的用量等。此方法的检出限为1．00ng/mL,相对标准偏差为1．1％,回收率为95．0％-105．0％,测定方法的相关系数大于0．9990,标准曲线的线性范围0～20ng,mL。采用本方法测定血液中的铅含量具有检出限低,操作简单、快速、干扰少、节省试剂等优点。     

微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的铅

尝试用微波消解的方法代替传统的消解方法,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)代替常用的原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定土壤中的铅含量.结果表明,微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法不仅可以避免传统消解方法中费时长、污染重和消化样品中的铅易流失等缺点,而且检出限为6μg/kg,接近石墨炉原子吸收光谱法的5μg/kg,远低于火焰原子吸收光谱法.本方法的重现性好,对6种土壤样品的测定,其相对偏差(RSD)为3.4%~6.5%(n=21),回收率为88.7%~111.2%.     

城市生活垃圾厌氧消化中木聚糖酶活与产气量关系的研究

采用批量厌氧消化工艺,在恒温35℃下,研究城市生活垃圾厌氧消化中木聚糖酶活与产气量之间的关系.实验结果表明,在35d的厌氧消化过程中,产气量随木聚糖酶酶活升高而增加,酶活降低而减少.当木聚糖酶酶活水平处于高峰期8.60μmol木糖/mL·min左右时,产气量也处于高峰期,达到360mL/d左右.表明厌氧消化产气量与木聚糖酶活密切相关.     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定黄芪甘草和广藿香中的铅

用硝酸-高氯酸混合酸（4∶1）消化黄芪、甘草和广藿香,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定黄芪、甘草和广藿香中的铅.在选定实验条件下,线性范围为0 ng/mL～20 ng/mL检出限为0.113 ng/mL,回收率为98.2%～100.9%,相对标准偏差为0.2%.     

原子荧光法同时测定刺五加产品中的砷和锑

采用微波消解处理样品,利用原子荧光法对刺五加系列产品中的砷和锑进行同时测定.确定了微波消解工作条件为:在1.0 MPa压力下消解3 min,在1.5 MPa压力下消解5 min,在2.0 MPa压力下消解2 min.在最佳工作条件下,砷和锑的质量浓度与荧光强度呈现良好的线性关系.砷的线性回归方程为IF=73.480X-5.810,锑的线性回归方程为IF=105.010X-0.353 3,线性范围均为0~100ng/mL.并选用标准物质人发对测定方法的准确度进行验证,结果表明,该方法简便灵敏、快速准确.     

微波消解-原子荧光法测定花生中的总砷

建立了微波消解氢化物发生原子荧光法测定花生中总砷的分析方法.样品消解分步骤进行,通过对原子荧光仪工作条件的优化,得到了样品测定的最佳条件：负高压270 V、灯电流80 mA、载气600 mL/min、载液酸度5％（V/V）、原子化器温度200℃．线性范围为0．00～20．00μg/L,回归方程的相关系数为0．9995,方法的检出限为0．025μg/L,RSD为1．97％,回收率为98．26％～103．15％．     

污水处理厂剩余污泥厌氧消化特性研究

采用批量式厌氧消化工艺，在中温(35±1)℃、接种物浓度为30%的条件下，对污水处理厂剩余污泥的厌氧消化特性进行了研究.结果表明，剩余污泥的产气周期在30～36 d间，污泥添加量占发酵料液的体积为10%、20%、30%及35%时的TS产气率分别为90.9、324.9、154.9 mL/g及150.2 mL/g, VS产气率分别为135.9、485.7、231.5 mL/g及224.5 mL/g,污泥的适宜添加量为20%.     

微波消解-原子荧光法测定富硒油菜籽中硒的方法研究

研究应用微波消解-原子荧光分析技术测定富硒油菜籽中微量硒的方法.样品经微波消解后,使用原子荧光谱仪测定样品中的微量硒.该方法检测出限为0.2 ng/mL,线性良好,线性相关系数>0.999 8,回收率为94.8%~104.2%,铁氰化钾可有效消除其他共存金属的干扰.该方法具有快速灵敏和操作简单等优点,适用于油菜籽中硒的质量分数的测定.     

微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定动物肝脏中的砷

应用微波消化系统对样品进行消化,用原子荧光光谱仪以氢化物发生法测定了动物肝脏中砷的含量.在实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.18ng/g,线性范围为0.00～120ng/g.10次测定的RSD为0.39%(0.36%～0.43%),回收率为96.3%～103.4%,平均98.8%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.