基于SIDWT和迭代自一致性的快速并行成像重建方法

为提高并行磁共振成像的重建速度，基于平移不变离散小波变换(SIDWT)和迭代自一致性并行成像重建(SPIRiT)模型，提出一种高效的重建方法fSIDWT-SPIRiT.该方法针对含有数据一致项、校正一致项和L1范数正则项的复杂优化问题，首先将数据一致项和校正一致项进行合并处理，之后利用快速投影迭代软阈值算法进行求解以实现快速并行磁共振成像重建.最后，在不同人体器官的数据集上进行测试.仿真实验结果表明：与其他方法相比，该方法能够在保证图像重建质量的同时，具有更快的收敛速度.     

FFT在CT图像重建中的应用

本文阐述利用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)进行CT图像重建的算法(即FFT算法)的原理及实现该算法的软件设计。为了提高重建图像的精度,又利用FFT填充特性对算法加以改进,还研究了FFT算法过程中的相位修正问题,最后给出了FFT算法对实验数据的重建结果。     

一种快速迭代软阈值稀疏角CT重建算法

针对目前迭代软阈值稀疏角CT重建算法收敛速度较慢的问题,提出了一种基于全变分约束的快速迭代软阈值稀疏角CT重建算法.该算法首先对CT稀疏投影数据采用联合代数重建算法(SART)进行重建,以获得满足数据一致性的重建图像,然后计算SART重建图像的离散梯度变换,并对其进行软阈值滤波,最后利用离散梯度变换的伪逆更新重建图像.由于在迭代过程中利用了前2次迭代重建图像作为下一次迭代的初始图像,因而加快了重建算法的收敛速度.对Shepp-Logan模体进行仿真的实验结果表明:在无噪、5×104和2×105光子泊松噪声情况下,与SART重建算法、基于Harr小波的快速迭代软阈值算法以及基于全变分约束的迭代软阈值重建算法相比,该重建算法的收敛速度有明显提高,同时能够有效减小图像的相对重建误差.     

基于FWT-Projection-BPNN的表情识别

提出了一种基于快速小波变换一投影-BP神经网络(FWT-Project-BPNN)的人脸表情识别方法.该算法首先利用快速小波变换(FWT)对表情图像进行变换,以期在不明显损失图像信息的基础上达到压缩数据量的目的.然后分别对变换后的水平方向与垂直方向的高频数据子图做水平方向与垂直方向投影.将得到的水平与垂直向量组成该表情识别算法的特征向量,最后建立一对一的BP神经网络来进行训练.实验结果表明,该算法能够在一定条件下快速且较准确地识别出悲伤、愤怒、高兴、惊讶、恐惧、厌恶、中性7种通用样本表情.     

一种新的图像重建的扇束卷积反投影算法

通过Radon变换的小波反演公式,得到了扇束投影重建的卷积反投影算法。利用Lemarie-Mayer小波束构造该算法的窗函数,分别进行了全局重建和局部重建。与其他传统的重建算法相比较,在全局重建,特别是局部重建上都能取得一些不错的结果。     

基于矩阵填充的肿瘤基因表达谱数据缺失点估计

为解决肿瘤基因表达谱数据后续研究需要完整数据矩阵的问题,针对包含缺失点的数据集。提出基于矩阵填充(matrix completion)与模糊C均值(fuzzy c-means algorithm,FCM)相结合的缺失点估计方法(FCM_MC)。该方法充分利用肿瘤基因表达谱数据的冗余信息,通过模糊C均值聚类得到具有良好的低秩特性的基因语义片段,再利用矩阵填充方法分别对每个语义片段进行缺失点的重建。在不同数据集上进行实验,与传统缺失点估计算法比较。实验表明FCM_MC算法在缺失数据估计准确度和类结构保持度上效果得到有效提升,同时运行效率较高。     

改进的多层螺旋CT线性插值算法

线性插值是多层螺旋CT的基础重建算法之一,基本原理是搜寻重建平面上下2组投影数据进行插值,而搜寻数据及计算权重函数过程会大大降低重建效率。该文提出了一种改进的适用于一定螺距范围的线性插值算法,以4层螺旋CT为例,给出了不同探测器排投影数据的权重函数,可直接用于插值计算,从而提高重建效率。通过模拟三维Shepp-Logan头部模型投影数据,验证了该算法的重建效果和适用范围。结果表明:该算法在中小螺距范围内重建效果好,图像还原能力高,在保证重建图像质量的同时,拥有较大的体积覆盖率,可用于需要快速重建的情况。     

基于FDK反投影权重的锥束DSA重建算法

针对锥束数字减影血管造影成像系统(DSA)锥角增大而导致锥束伪影严重的问题,提出了一种基于FDK的反投影权重锥束DSA重建算法.分析了圆扫描轨迹远端伪影的成因,针对短扫描阴影区域导致的Radon空间数据缺失,提出了一种距离变量的反投影权重函数,并将其作为约束条件引入到FDK算法中,实现扫描轨迹远端区域的数据补偿,扩大图像重建区域.应用该算法对无噪声和有噪声的模拟投影数据,及自行研发的锥束DSA的实际扫描数据分别进行了重建试验.结果表明,文中算法较FDK类算法(Parker-FDK)对大锥角投影数据可明显抑制锥角伪影,其归一化均方距离判据和归一化平均绝对距离判据比Parker-FDK均降低了5％.     

基于PI线段的扇束CT重建

为了研究反投影滤波重建方法在CT(computedtomography)系统中的应用,提出了一种基于PI线段的简化扇束射束重建算法.该算法首先对X射线束产生的投影数据进行微分,然后把这些微分后的数据反投影到一系列的PI线段上,最后沿着PI线段的方向对反投影数据进行Hilbert滤波,即得到重建图像.利用Shepp-Logan模型进行计算机数值模拟实验,得到了该算法和传统的滤波反投影算法的对比结果.利用微焦点X射线CT的投影数据进行重建,得到了实际数据下的重建图像.实验结果表明,该简化算法能够对感兴趣区域进行精确重建,可以应用于实际的CT系统.而且这种方法有很多优势,比如能够减少需要的数据 ,快速完成扫描.减少辐射药剂的服用量,减少X-ray的辐射,加快计算机的运算.     

基于双树复小波变换的磁共振幅值相位同时重建

为了加快磁共振成像速度及同时获取可信度较高的磁共振幅值和相位信息，提出了一种基于双树复小波变换的磁共振幅值和相位同时重建算法。该算法在传统的压缩感知框架下，借助双树复小波变换的多方向选择性和平移不变性，对幅值和相位分别进行稀疏变换。实验结果表明，在不同的数据集下，该算法均能提高重建磁共振相位图像的质量，并一定程度地改善了幅值图像。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.