聚苯乙烯/Co3O4复合纳米粒子的制备与表征

在非离子表面活性剂T riton X-100水溶液中制得Co3O4磁性纳米粒子,将其与苯乙烯在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)溶液中引发聚合,制得聚苯乙烯/Co3O4复合纳米粒子.根据透射电镜(TEM)观察,Co3O4纳米粒子的粒径在15 nm左右,复合纳米粒子的粒径在30 nm左右,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定复合纳米粒子的分子质量为1.25×105~5.30×105g.m o-l 1.X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)及磁性能测定表明,聚苯乙烯对Co3O4纳米粒子的包裹是成功的.     

喷射Al2O3粒子弥散强化α—黄铜的研究

实验研究了Al_2O_3粒子在a—黄铜中的喷射弥散行为和弥散粒子对合金室温和高温力学性能的作用。试验结果表明:减小喷射粒子原始直径和加入少量的Ti元素是提高Al_2O_3粒子在基体内弥散效果的有效途径;进一步的实验和观察表明:弥散分布的Al_2O_3粒子阻碍了合金形变时的位错运动,从而提高了合金的室温和高温力学性能。     

纳米Co粒子的制备及在硅油基磁性液体中的应用

以锌粉和氯化钴为原料，采用化学法制备纳米Co粒子。采用透射电镜考察工艺条件对生成的Co粒子粒径及晶貌的影响。通过对不同粒径Co粒子的筛选，确定了用于制备磁性液体的适宜粒径。纳米Co经表面活性荆改性后与适量的纳米Fe3O4胶粒混合，用过渡液进行复舍包覆，使用超声波振荡和机械分散的方法将其分散于2-甲基硅油中，得到硅油基复合磁性液体。用振动样品磁强计测定样品的饱和磁化强度。研究结果表明：在反应物浓度一定的条件下，Co粒子的晶貌主要由反应温度决定；对Co粒子粒径影响最大的是反应温度，其次是搅拌转速，反应时间对Co粒子粒径的影响不大。Co粒子用作磁性液体基体材料的适宜粒径约为10．88nm，晶貌主要为六面体和棒形。复合磁性液体的饱和磁化强度比Fe3O4磁性液体的饱和磁化强度提高21％以上。     

定向凝固合金DZ466在涂 NaCl/Na2 SO4盐条件下热腐蚀行为

采用涂NaCl/Na2 SO4盐方法研究了DZ466合金在850℃和950℃条件下热腐蚀行为.结果表明：合金的腐蚀层包括三个区域,最外层为( Ni,Co) O氧化物层,次外层为尖晶石结构氧化层( Ni,Co) Cr2 O4,内层为内腐蚀层,850℃时该层为Ni3 S2,而950℃时除Ni3 S2外,在靠近次外层还形成内氧化Al2 O3;在850℃和950℃时合金的热腐蚀机制相同,氧化膜连续性的破坏,是合金遭受热腐蚀的主要原因;热腐蚀增重曲线均符合抛物线规律,其速率常数分别为3.1×10-11 g2·cm-4·s-1和1.5×10-9 g2·cm-4·s-1,热腐蚀激活能分别为179.2 kJ·mol-1和138.3 kJ·mol-1.     

Y2O3对再生 WC-8Co 硬质合金组织的影响

以锌熔回收WC-Co复合粉末为原料,采用常规硬质合金生产工艺制备出不同Y2O3含量的再生WC-8Co硬质合金。通过激光粒度分析、SEM及EDS等方法研究了粉末的粒度、再生合金的组织及Y2O3在再生合金中的分布。研究结果表明：Y2O3的添加量为0．4％时,Y2O3可以显著改善再生硬质合金的组织;当Y2O3添加量为1．5％时,其再生硬质合金发生了严重的Y2O3偏聚现象。Y2O3的添加量是影响再生WC-8Co硬质合金组织的重要因素。     

Sm对FeCONbAlSiB非晶软磁合金的晶化及磁性能的影响

采用真空电弧熔炼和真空熔融甩带法制备 Fe57-x Co18 Nb4 Al2 Si4 B15 Smx（x=0-3）非晶合金，借助X射线衍射、差热分析以及振动样品磁强计等手段研究稀土元素Sm对制备合金的非晶形成能力、非晶热稳定性、非晶晶化行为以及磁性能的影响。研究结果表明：添加少量Sm能提高 Fe57-x Co18 Nb4 Al2 Si4 B15 Smx合金的非晶形成能力以及非晶热稳定性；随着Sm含量的增加，初始晶化温度由823K提高至871K，过冷液相区由28K提高到44K，初始晶化相为α-（FeCo）相，中间硼化物相的形成分2个阶段进行，即在878～943K范围内析出Fe2B相，在943～1073K范围内析出B6Fe23相。随着Sm含量在该系列合金中的增加，其饱和磁感应强度从1．25T降低至1．09T，矫顽力从11．2A／m增至16．9A／m。     

Co3O4/Fe2O3核-壳粒子的制备及光学性能研究

在单分散准球形-αFe2O3纳米颗粒的悬浮液中,在氨碱催化下,CoCl2水解产生的Co(OH)2沉积在-αFe2O3纳米颗粒表面,形成核-壳粒子.经500℃热处理后,壳层物质晶化为立方晶系Co3O4,壳层厚度约为6 nm.不同的氨碱液对核-壳结构产生影响,在1 mol.L-1尿素溶液的催化下,得到均匀的核-壳结构.应用TEM和XRD分析了产物结构,并利用UV-Vis光谱对复合材料的光吸收特性进行了研究.与-αFe2O3纳米颗粒的吸收光谱比较,在光激发下,Co3O4/Fe2O3核-壳粒子光吸收特性发生改变,在可见光区产生新的强吸收峰.     

低温燃烧技术合成钴掺杂镓酸镁锌复合尖晶石材料

采用Mg(NO3)2·4H2O,Ga(NO3)3·6H2O,Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,CO(NH2)2,NH4NO3及Co(NO3)2·6H2O等为原料,于500℃利用低温燃烧技术成功获得了一系列钴掺杂镓酸镁锌复合尖晶石材料。采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、F-4500型荧光分光光度计对样品进行分析表征。结果表明,所得产品不是MgGa2O4和ZnGa2O4的简单混合物,而是一种新型的固溶体材料。ZnxMg1-xGa2O4:Co2+(0≤x≤1.0)晶体的晶格常数与掺杂比例x之间存在比较好的线性关系。合成的晶体结晶度高,排列较规整。发射光谱的形状和位置分析表明,可见光区670 nm附近的强发射峰源于四面体位中Co2+的4T1(4P)→4A2(4F)能级跃迁;近红外区的弱发射峰源于四面体位中Co2+的4T1(4P)→4T2(4F)能级跃迁。     

树叶状Co和Co3O4的水热合成与磁性研究

以氯化钴(CoCl2.6H2O)和氢氧化钠作为反应前驱物,采用水热法合成微米级树叶状钴单质,在500℃退火条件下得到形貌相似的Co3O4粒子,并运用XRD、SEM和VSM对所得粒子的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了初步研究。结果表明,树叶状钴单质表现出室温铁磁行为,具有较高的磁参数,其中饱和磁化强度为139.3emu/g、矫顽力为29.5kA/m。同时发现,在500℃×1h退火后的Co3O4还出现极弱的铁磁性行为,可能是未完全氧化的Co单质所产生。     

纳米粒子MgAl_2O_4尖晶石的合成及负载型La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_3/MgAl_2O_4催化剂的性能研究

采用溶胶—凝胶技术 ,聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)为络合剂 ,合成出尖晶石型大比表面纳米粒子Mg Al2 O4 ,用硝酸盐浸渍分解法制备出负载型 La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ Mg Al2 O4 催化剂 ,以 XRD、BET、TPR、二甲苯完全氧化等手段 ,研究了合成条件对形成的 Mg Al2 O4 性质的影响及催化剂的性能 ,并与负载型 L a0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/堇青石、La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ γ-Al2 O3催化剂进行了对比 .结果表明 ,活性组分在 Mg Al2 O4 载体上是高度分散的 ,负载型 La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ Mg Al2 O4 催化剂具有优良的催化活性和抗高温烧结能力     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-