热连轧活套系统的分散控制

分析热连轧轧制速度增量对活套系统性能的影响,建立了活套关联系统模型,提高了活套系统模型精度.基于H∞原理,将活套高度与张力系统之间的耦合影响看作扰动,采用分散控制方式,为每台轧机活套系统单独设计控制器.仿真结果表明,基于活套关联系统模型,采用分散方式设计控制器,提高了活套系统的控制性能.     

多输入多输出系统的滑模控制器设计及其应用

研究了一类多输入多输出系统的滑模控制问题,采用一种改进的指数趋近律,有效降低变结构所产生的抖振,并且给出理论性证明.将提出的设计方法应用于液压活套控制系统设计,将系统中的活套高度和活套张力的耦合关系当作干扰来处理.仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性,该控制器可使活套控制系统获得较好的控制效果,并使活套系统迅速达到平衡稳定状态.     

线材无张力轧制的数学模型

推导了线材无张力轧制中立活套的数学模型．指出了活套在本质上是一个非线性环节，在一定条件下可以做为线性环节处理．为活套控制系统的实现提供了理论依据．     

对冷轧连退卧式活套安装技术的探究

本文以首钢迁钢SCAL1-2机组卧式冷轧连退工程为例,较详细的提出了卧式活套安装方法及注意事项。按照活套的构造特点,对活套的安装进行了较全面细致的论述。     

智能模板 IP241 在塔式活套上的应用

太钢七轧厂冷线机组生产线采用西门子Ｓ５－１１５Ｕ可编程序控制器构成ＰＣ控制系统,其中塔式活套控制采用智能模板ＩＰ２４１位置编码器进行活套量控制和活套断带控制,与控制器构成ＤＤＣＳ分布式ＰＣ控制系统。本文主要介绍智能模板ＩＰ２４１在塔式活套ＰＣ控制系统中应用的硬件、控制功能及软件程序框图。     

热连轧液压活套不确定系统的滑模控制

针对一类多输入多输出热连轧液压活套不确定系统设计了滑模控制器.首先利用特殊线性变换将原不确定系统化成标准形式,然后基于Lyapunov函数方法和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术给出了滑模面函数,根据滑模到达条件设计了一种新的控制策略,并且给出了理论性证明.最后仿真结果表明,该控制器可使活套控制系统获得较好的控制效果,有效地提高热轧带钢精轧机活套系统的控制精度,并使活套系统迅速达到平衡稳定状态.该控制器具有很强的鲁棒性能,非常适合于复杂的活套系统.     

热连轧活套智能化闭环控制

介绍智能控制在热连轧精轧机组的活套闭环控制系统中的应用,智能化方法应用在活套角的测量,升落套控制和活套高度的模糊控制中,速度自学习方法和动态速降补偿方法也被给出。     

基于蚁群算法PID神经网络的热连轧活套系统自适应解耦控制

带钢热连轧机活套系统是一个耦合的多输入多输出非线性系统。针对活套系统的解耦控制问题,通过对活套系统动态耦合过程的分析,在工作点附近建立控制对象的动态数学模型。利用基于蚁群优化多个单神经元和RBF神经网络相结合的自适应控制策略以减弱系统的耦合影响。最后的仿真结果验证了本方法的有效性,表明解耦后的活套控制系统可获得更好的控制效果。     

基于ADAMS-MATLAB联合仿真的液压活套多变量解耦控制

对于具有非线性、强耦合、不确定特性的液压活套系统的多变量控制一直是轧制控制领域的难点问题,为了进一步提高热连轧带钢的控制品质,首先利用ADAMS建立了液压活套虚拟样机模型,然后利用M ATLAB设计了一种基于互不相关解耦策略的液压活套迭代学习控制系统,利用ADAM S/Sub模块与M ATLAB/Simulink接口得到联合仿真模型.基于此模型,对传统PID控制系统与所设计的控制系统进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明所设计的控制系统可以更好地减弱活套张力与高度系统的耦合作用,使活套控制系统获得更好的控制效果.     

热连轧活套系统分析与控制方式比较

对热连轧过程中的活套系统进行了分析,对几种活套控制方式进行了比较,ＡＧＣ系统和活套控制系统进行综合设计,提出了一种新的控制方式,仿真结果证明了方法的有效性,高招中轧过程的成品质量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-