基于普通数码影像的边坡工程地质编录系统研究

面向边坡工程的影像地质编录系统,是以摄影测量理论为基础,以近景摄影测量、数字图像处理和GIS等技术为手段,以多学科技术交叉集成为特色的专业信息系统,其能够满足边坡工程地质编录的数据采集、处理、管理、分析和成果输出等各项技术要求。普通数码相机应用大大降低了影像地质编录对专门设备及专业技能的要求,编录精度能够达到工程地质编录规范要求。基于普通数码影像的边坡工程地质编录系统及技术,是一种现实的、有望全面替代现有手工作业方式的计算机辅助地质编录技术。     

边坡地质工程空间信息查询与量算方法探讨

随着科学计算可视化技术和地质信息计算机模拟技术的快速发展,工程地质可视化的需求也日益迫切。数字地质编录信息系统,以摄影测量理论为基础,综合运用近景数字影像和数字图像处理等技术,实现了工程地质编录数据的采集、处理、管理、分析和成果输出一体化,提高了专业信息化和生产力水平。通过对现有工程三维建模软件的不足,以边坡地质工程开挖体为研究对象,在数字地质编录系统生成的空间数据的基础上,对边坡地质工程空间信息查询和量算方法进行研究。     

影像地质编录成果的三维可视化及查询分析方法

在研究及开发影像地质编录信息系统的基础上,基于数字地质编录成果,应用VC 和OpenGL技术,探讨了数字地质编录成果的三维可视化和查询分析方法,并以水电工程地质编录信息需求为例,给出了实现方法.结果表明,该方法对常见岩体工程建模及其地质编录成果三维可视化分析,不仅具有表面纹理映射灵活、场景渲染效果逼真的特点,而且具有同数据库连接方便、与模型对象交互功能强、支持三维空间分析等优点,并可实现岩体工程建模的自动化.     

无人机倾斜摄影测量技术及其工程应用研究进展

为促进无人机倾斜摄影测量技术的发展,详细综述了该技术在工程领域的发展历史、研究现状及热点研究方向等.首先对无人机倾斜摄影测量方法的发展历史、研究现状、技术优点等方面进行了系统的疏理;接着对相机标定方法、图像定位、飞行计划、影像采集、表面三维重建、产品生成等倾斜摄影测量关键技术进行了全面分析;然后了对无人机测量技术在数字城市建设、桥梁检测、滑坡调查、地形图测绘等工程应用的研究进展进行了综合阐述;最后指出了无人机倾斜摄影测量技术的发展趋势和所面临的问题.分析表明:无人机倾斜摄影测量技术能实现大范围、多数据、高效率的地理空间数据采集,在土木、交通、测绘等工程领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

规范煤炭地质勘查钻探工程质量技术要求的研究

钻探工程是我国勘查矿产资源的主要手段之一,煤炭地质勘查对钻探工程质量技术要求严格,特别对高炭质黏土岩的解译技术要求甚高。物探测井解译成果与钻探地质编录中岩性及煤层解译密切相关,必须认真分析解译成果与钻探编录资料的对比研究方能判定准确。     

浅析数字摄影测量技术与地质录编技术

本文研究了将普通数码相机当作量测相机作业的近景撮影测量技术方法的技术方法,在分析数字摄影测量技术的发展基础上,阐述了普通数码相机的应用和地质编录技术,最后就是用关键技术,即数字摄影测量技术,数字图像处理技术和地理信息系统技术进行分析。     

测量新技术（3S）在工程测量中的运用及展望

随着测绘仪器和测绘新技术的日新月异,工程测量这一古老的学科也得到了飞速的发展。工程测量通常是指在工程建设的勘测设计、施工和管理阶段中运用的各种测量理论、方法和技术的总称。内容主要分为控制测量、地形图测量和工程放线等3大部分。本文详细探讨了工程测量中的数字化成图手段、3S技术、数字摄影测量技术等现代化新技术在测量工程中的应用。     

西南地区机场中的重大工程地质问题研究

通过西南地区机场工程地质特征的分析,研究了该地区影响机场建设的主要工程地质问题:边坡和地基的稳定性、地基的变形问题等,并指出了它们的危害性,还通过机场的工程实践,提出了上述问题的处理方法。机场建设包括场道、隧道、供油、排水和建筑工程等。机场的特点是场地面积大、分布广,跨越的地质和工程地质单元多,涉及的工程地质问题也最多(如边坡稳定性、软土、膨胀土、岩溶、季节性冻土、地下水等问题),而西南地区为全国机场工程地质问题最多,且工程地质条件最复杂的地区,机场建设与其工程相比,有不同的要求和特点。机场属国家重大工程,工程量大,投资巨大。因此,加强对区内工程地质条件的研究,寻求科学、合理、有效的防治措施,具有重要的现实意义。     

隧道掌子面地质信息数字编录识别技术研究

研究隧道掌子面地质信息数字编录识别技术是为了发展隧道掌子面地质编录法,它主要是利用数字图像处理技术代替地质素描图,利用图像处理的模式识别技术代替专业人员对岩体节理、裂隙、层理等微构造发育情况的分析认识．本文结合隧道工程的实际情况研究了隧道围岩可视化分析预报技术和岩体结构图像模式识别技术．通过两项技术的研究,实现了对隧道开挖后围岩地质情况的超前地质预报和围岩分类信息的进一步细化认识．     

倾斜摄影测量的研究进展

倾斜摄影测量是近年测绘领域出现的一项影响重大的新技术,由于三维建模具有低成本、高保真的优点,因此倾斜摄影测量被广泛应用于测绘、城市规划和应急响应等众多领域.通过对数据预处理、影像匹配、影像定向、密集匹配和表面模型构建5个关键技术的研究进展进行梳理,以期对倾斜摄影测量技术的研究与应用有所助益.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.