数据库加密密钥的分配与管理技术

用数据库加密方法实现数据库的安全保密时，密钥的分配和管理是主要难点之一。文章先给出了两种有应用价值的初步方案，然后描述了一种既保证速度又便于管理的密钥转换方案的思想，并给出一种简化情况下的初步实现方法。文章认为密钥转换思想能较好地解决数据库加密中密钥分配与管理的问题，并且也是可以实现的。     

基于RSA的广播加密方案

为提高广播加密系统的实用性和效率,通过采用不同模余下的授权用户成员的群密钥分发策略,构造了一个新的基于RSA加密方案的广播加密方案,可以进行安全的群密钥分发,并能够有效地实现无需密钥更新的新成员的动态加入.该方案减少了通信传输带宽以及用户的密钥存储量(仅需一个群元素),并且其加解密的计算代价与RSA加密方案相当.分析了该方案的效率,并在RSA假设下证明了该方案在任意用户的合谋攻击下的安全性.     

一种新的数据库加密密钥管理方案

目前流行的数据库安全管理机制在很多场合下还不能满足人们对其安全保密的要求，而数据库加密是解决这一难题的一个重要途径，其中密钥的分配与管理是实现密文数据库的关键技术。作者提出了一种密文数据库系统密钥分配与管理的新方案──密钥转换表方案。严格论证了它的安全性与效率。特别是文中给出的两级转换表与以往的方案相比，具有操作简便，安全性强，运行速度快，存储空间小的特点。在此基础上实现的数据库加密管理工具达到了较为满意的结果。     

加密数据库系统中的密钥管理

在数据库的项加密方法的基础上，给出了一种新的密钥生成函数并证明了它是安全的提出了以主密钥表密钥、数据加密密钥不同保护对象的一种多级管理方案，对各级密钥的作用及生成方式和数据库系统使用的密码装置的功能作了详细讨论。     

适用于移动自组织网的鲁棒性密钥管理

为了减轻网络分割对移动自组织网中密钥管理服务的负面影响,提出一种基于分布式认证中心的密钥管理方案.通过引入辅助子密钥并加以有效管理,方案有策略地增加网络中子密钥的冗余度,同时保证系统的安全性和鲁棒性.在部署该方案的模拟场景的测试中,该方案使得在请求分布式认证中心时,请求平均失败率减少50%以上.分析和模拟结果表明: 该方案既能够防止常见的攻击,又能够有效增强密钥管理服务的鲁棒性.     

多密钥隐私保护决策树评估方案

为了保护机器学习中决策树数据和模型的隐私,并减少计算和通信开销,提出了一种多密钥隐私保护决策树评估(multi-key privacy-preserving decision tree evaluation,MPDE)方案。利用分布式双陷门公钥密码(distributed two-trapdoor public-key crypto,DT-PKC)系统对所有数据进行加密。基于跨域安全加法协议实现来自不同公钥加密的两个密文的加法,改进原有的安全比较协议以支持多用户多密钥,保护了请求信息、分类结果和决策树模型的隐私。引入可信第三方密钥生成中心,减少了实体之间的通信开销,且在密钥分发完后离线。采用服务代理商代替用户与云服务器交互,降低了用户与云服务器之间的通信开销和用户的计算开销。安全与性能分析表明该方案具有高隐私性和高效性。同时,仿真实验显示该方案具有更低的计算开销。     

基于同态加密的能源大数据安全系统

针对智能电网能源调度供给过程中储能单元隐私信息易泄露等问题，利用能源大数据对充电需求和能源供应情况进行管理，在云端协同的边缘服务系统框架下，设计基于同态加密的能源大数据安全聚合和智能调度系统.多个以边缘服务器为中心的边缘服务域负责进行用电需求的采集、验证和汇聚，然后各边缘服务域将汇聚数据提交给能源需求响应中心以制定电力调度方案.提出的多密钥同态加密运算协议，以支持不同密文域上的同态计算.然后设计了充电请求优先级计算公式，利用多密钥同态加密协议对密态用电数据(包括完成充电时间和电池充电状态等)进行计算，根据充电请求的不同优先级聚合充电请求数据，实现了隐私保护的数据协同处理、安全聚合和智能调度.与现有方案相比，本系统不仅保证了充电请求数据的保密性、完整性和可认证性，还实现了充电调度方案的隐私保护，并且能够抵抗优先级伪造攻击.大量实验的结果和仿真测试证实了方案具有较低的计算和通信开销.通过形式化的安全性证明证实了多密钥同态加密运算协议可抵抗内部和外部敌手的攻击，并且边缘服务器在整个数据聚合过程中不能获知储能单元的隐私信息.     

无线传感器网络CPKAI密钥管理方案

公钥能提供对称密钥无法提供的高安全等级。基于身份的加密技术密钥管理简单、无需第三方参与,但计算复杂度较高,不适用于无线传感网;组合公钥技术存储要求低而认证规模巨大,可在芯片级实现认证,适合无线传感网,但存在合谋攻击问题。基于身份的组合公钥认证方案,将上述技术进行优势整合,采用密钥因子矩阵取代双线性映射生成密钥,有效地降低了加密/解密计算的复杂度,从而节省了网络能耗;密钥因子矩阵基于簇生成,极大地减少了密钥存储空间,并抵御了合谋攻击。从理论上分析了方案的安全性,并通过仿真实验,证明方案在计算复杂度和能效方面具有较大的优势。     

一种基于身份分层结构加密算法的广播加密方案

现今大部分的广播加密方案使用对称密钥作为用户密钥.为了解决消息发布方和用户持有相同对称密钥所带来的密钥泄漏问题,本文使用基于Weil配对性质的HIBE算法,利用子集覆盖框架下的完全子树方法构造了一种基于身份的广播加密方案.该方案使用用户的身份作为加密的公共密钥,因此无须单独的公钥/证书发布系统.同时该算法利用HIBE中的层次密钥算法,使得用户所需的私钥存储空间从O(logN)减少到O(1).本文最后对该方案的安全性、效率和动态可扩展性进行了讨论和分析.这种基于身份分层结构加密算法的广播加密方案是一种很有应用前景的适用于无状态接收装置的广播加密方案.     

IPv6安全机制分析

对IPv6安全机制和核心技术进行了分析，指出了在IPv6的安全机制中起关键作用的主要有SA的管理、SPD数据库管理、认证和加密算法及密钥交换，同时还分析了IPv6安全机制的局限性，并在此基础上给出了一种基于PKI的IKE交换方案。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.