基于记录值的GE分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计

针对来自广义指数(GE)分布的记录值样本,研究了广义指数分布的参数的估计问题.首先给出了参数的最大似然估计;在参数的共轭先验分布为贝塔先验分布,损失函数为平方误差损失和LINEX损失函数情形下,导出了广义指数分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计.最后进行了Monte Carlo数值模拟,对本文提出的几种参数估计进行比较,发现在合适的先验分布条件下Bayes和经验Bayes估计值更加接近参数真实值,因此在适当的先验分布下Bayes估计和经验Bayes 估计较传统的最大似然估计好.     

基于记录值的GE分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计

针对来自广义指数(GE)分布的记录值样本,研究了广义指数分布的参数的估计问题。首先给出了参数的最大似然估计;在参数的共轭先验分布为贝塔先验分布,损失函数为平方误差损失和LINEX损失函数情形下,导出了广义指数分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计。最后进行了Monte Carlo数值模拟,对本文提出的几种参数估计进行比较,发现在合适的先验分布条件下Bayes和经验Bayes估计值更加接近参数真实值,因此在适当的先验分布下Bayes估计和经验Bayes估计较传统的最大似然估计好。     

基于记录值的GE分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计

针对来自广义指数（GE）分布的记录值样本,研究了广义指数分布的参数的估计问题。首先给出了参数的最大似然估计;在参数的共轭先验分布为贝塔先验分布,损失函数为平方误差损失和LINEX损失函数情形下,导出了广义指数分布参数的Bayes和经验Bayes估计。最后进行了Monte Carlo数值模拟,对本文提出的几种参数估计进行比较,发现在合适的先验分布条件下Bayes和经验Bayes估计值更加接近参数真实值,因此在适当的先验分布下Bayes估计和经验Bayes估计较传统的最大似然估计好。
     

记录值样本下Rayleigh分布可靠性指标的Bayes估计

针对记录值样本,研究了Rayleigh分布可靠性指标的参数估计问题.首先给出了可靠性指标的极大似然估计,随后在损失函数为平方误差损失的情形下,应用Lindley近似法导出了Rayleigh分布可靠性指标的Bayes估计,最后利用R软件进行数值模拟,并比较两种参数估计的误差和均方误差,发现在对称损失函数下可靠性指标的Bayes估计值更加接近参数真实值.     

两种统计框架下均匀分布参数估计的对比研究

在理论和模拟方面对均匀分布U (0,θ ) 参数θ 的Bayes 估计与极大似然估计进行对比研究. 首先将基于损失函数和共轭先验得到的Bayes 估计与极大似然估计在形式上进行对比,发现所得Bayes 估计不但在数值上略大于极大似然估计,而且还是参数的相应函数的极大似然估计;然后通过模拟研究两种估计方法对参数的返真性,结果表明所得的Bayes 估计的均方误差在大多数场合下都小于极大似然估计的均方误差.     

双边定数截尾下Topp-Leone分布的Bayes估计与预测

在双边定数截尾样本下得到了Topp-Leone分布中参数的极大似然估计.基于无信息先验分布和Gamma先验分布,在平方损失和预防损失下分别得到了参数的Bayes估计.根据后验密度函数得到了未知参数的Bayes可信区间和未来观测值的预测密度,进而可得预测值和预测区间.利用Monte-Carlo模拟计算了参数的各种估计的均方误差,研究结果表明:当取Gamma先验分布时,在平方损失下参数的Bayes估计是最优的.最后通过一个寿命数据的例子计算出未知参数的估计以及未来观测值的预测值和预测区间.     

基于记录值的几何分布模型的Bayes可靠性分析

针对来自几何分布的记录值样本,研究可靠度参数的Bayes估计问题.首先给出可靠度的最大似然估计和最小方差无偏估计;在可靠度参数的先验分布为贝塔分布、损失函数为平方误差损失和一类新的加权平方损失函数下,导出了可靠度的Bayes估计;最后通过Monte Carlo数值模拟例子说明论文给出估计的有效性.     

基于二次置换方法的广义威布尔分布及性质

指数威布尔分布在可靠性分析中应用广泛.基于二次置换方法,将基准分布取为指数威布尔分布,构建了新的四参数威布尔分布,并研究该分布的相关统计性质.给出了该分布的分布函数、密度函数、生存函数、失效率函数及逆失效率函数的解析表达式,分析了模型参数对密度函数及逆失效率函数的影响;给出了分位数函数、k阶矩和矩母函数的计算公式.利用极大似然法对模型参数进行估计.作为应用,使用R语言对一组具体数据进行数值模拟,结果表明所提出的四参数威布尔分布具有拟合优势.     

基于上记录值Lomax分布的统计推断

基于上记录值，该文讨论了在Lomax分布总体中未知参数、系统可靠度及失效率的极大似然估计，并利用中心极限定理得到了模型参数的近似置信区间.首先，当2个参数的先验分布为混合分布时，在2种损失函数下计算了未知参数及可靠性指标的Bayes估计，并给出了超参数的估计方法；然后，分别用频率方法和Bayes方法对未来的上记录值进行预测；最后，提出了一种模拟上记录值的算法，利用模拟的记录值计算了相关的结果.     

约束条件下两个Pareto总体的参数估计

为解决约束条件下Pareto分布的参数估计问题,讨论了半序约束下,当先验分布为Gamma分布时,两个Pareto总体参数的Bayes估计,以及锥序约束下两个Pareto总体参数的极大似然估计.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to