柴油机废烟气驱动的热管LiBr制冷机的(火用)分析

工业过程中的废热排放造成了可用能的损失,又造成热污染和环境污染.针对一种利用热管回收废热的LiBr制冷机,采用柴油机烟气废热制冷实测后,对该系统的实测结果进行了火用分析,分析结果表明了这种新型废热LiBr制冷机有效利用了柴油机烟气余热,提高了系统的火用效率.     

柴油机废烟气驱动的热管LiBr制冷机的Yong分析

工业过程中的废热排放造成了可用能的损失，又造成热污染和环境污染。针对一种利用热管回收废热的LiBr制冷机，采用柴油机烟气废热制实测后，对该系统的实测结果进行了Yong分析，分析结果表明了这种新型废热LiBr制冷机有效利用了柴油机烟气余热,提高了系统的Yong效率。     

造纸企业余热回收利用研究

本文介绍了华南地区某大型造纸企业挖掘热力系统节能潜力,实施烟气余热回收和冷凝水回收等余热利用节能改造工程,并分析了该综合余热节能改造方案的工艺技术及技术经济性,通过分析,该综合节能项目节能效果显著,经济效益可观,阐述了该节能改造项目对企业节能减排工作的意义。     

浴池废水余热回收利用及节能分析

针对洗浴废水余热利用率低的现状,就如何提高废水余热利用率,提出了洗浴废水余热回收利用改造方案.分析了废热回收的利用效率及经济性,以及浴池余热回收和利用中需要解决的技术问题,给出了相应的解决方案.采用该方案可减少燃气燃料40%,节省运行费用30%.     

烟气余热利用在火力发电厂的应用与分析

该文介绍了火力发电厂烟气余热回收系统的原理和现状,着重讨论了某火力发电厂的烟气余热回收系统.通过对系统安装位置、温度控制和经济性三个方面进行分析,指出当烟气余热回收装置在系统不同安装位置时,对系统设备安全和经济运行的影响;通过对换热装置出口水温控制策略的阐述,指出在防止系统低温腐蚀的同时,最大程度提高烟气余热装置换热效率的措施;同时得出结论:在湿法脱硫系统的机组中,设置烟气余热回收系统能够有效的提升机组经济效益.     

烧结余热发电系统的火用分析

以某厂烧结余热利用系统为例,建立整个热力系统的一般性效率数学模型,根据现场测试的数据进行分析,结果表明,系统的实际运行效率只有4.6%左右;提出了烧结系统的余热分级回收和阶梯利用原则,通过对烧结烟气的火用分析,采用双压余热发电系统对余热进行动力回收,使效率达到原来的2～4倍,极大地提高了余热利用率,研究结果可为整个烧结系统的设计与改造提供较为科学的依据.     

柴油机复合涡轮余热发电系统及电动热管理用电系统综合节油潜力研究

针对发电复合涡轮余热回收技术对发动机燃油经济性影响的评价及节油潜力的问题,基于自行研制的发电复合涡轮余热回收系统及电动热管理系统,在回收电能得到使用的条件下研究了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素及两套系统的综合节油潜力。首先,分别分析了发电复合涡轮转速和发动机入口水温对复合涡轮余热系统的发电功率和热管理电动附件耗电功率的影响,明确了产能及用能的变化规律;其次,基于实测数据分析了试验条件下柴油发动机复合涡轮余热发电与电动热管理用电的实际综合节油能力,明确了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素;最后,根据关键因素影响油耗的规律对两套系统的综合节油潜力进行了预测分析。结果显示:柴油发动机在1 300r/min试验转速且负荷分别为25%、50%和75%工况下,复合涡轮发电量均能满足电动热管理附件的用电需求,发动机比油耗与基础发动机相比分别降低7.2%、4%和2.6%;增压涡轮及动力涡轮的等熵效率是影响系统燃油经济性的重要因素,提升等熵效率可降低废气能量回收过程中的泵气损失;在试验转速且负荷为75%工况下,随着等熵效率的提升,比油耗可在实测综合油耗的基础上进一步降低,最大降幅为4.1%,若考虑产、用能平衡策略,则该工况下比油耗可降至180.8g/(kW·h)。所提产、用能方案及分析方法可为基于余热回收技术开展的发动机节能减排研究提供参考。     

夹点分析优化后的油田联合站分布式能源系统特征与节能潜力

胜利油田进入特高含水期,开采难度加大,采油成本上升,节能已成为采油厂成本控制的主要因素,采用燃气轮机或燃气内燃机发电、烟气驱动热泵回收污水余热和加热原油等工艺相结合,可以构建基于天然气的分布式能源系统。通过对传统联合站以及联合站分布式能源系统进行夹点分析,从而实现能流分析优化。基于燃气内燃机变工况能流模型,通过热力模拟进行燃气内燃机的燃烧计算,对水套加热炉加热原油的传统联合站进行夹点分析。基于烟气余热驱动的溴化锂吸收式热泵能流模型,对联合站分布式能源系统进行夹点分析。对联合站分布式能源系统与传统联合站进行了对比分析,联合站分布式能源系统节能潜力达24%,为实现“双碳”目标做出了贡献。     

浅谈无氧化炉能源节能方案

本文通过对热镀锌连续退火工艺无氧化炉的研究和分析,结合实际情况,提出了连续退火炉的无氧化炉段排放烟气余热回收改造方案,在充分利用原有设备设施的基础上,对无氧化炉段助燃空气和排放烟气流程进行改造,并对改造后的效果进行了分析,取得了良好的经济效益。     

吹风气回收余热锅炉蒸汽温度控制

在介绍吹风气余热回收工艺流程的基础上,详细阐述了回收余热锅炉蒸汽温度的控制方案及控制过程,对其所产生的经济效益进行了分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.