双端泵浦Nd:YVO4晶体温度场及热形变场的研究

为了研究激光二极管双端泵浦激光晶体引起的热效应问题,建立了轴向加热、周边恒温的圆柱形激光晶体热模型.通过热传导方程,利用半解析方法得出了双端泵浦激光晶体温度场和端面热形变场的通解形式,同时研究了泵浦功率、泵浦光斑尺寸以及晶体钕离子掺杂质量分数等因素对晶体温度场和端面热形变场的影响.研究结果表明:当泵浦功率增加、光斑尺寸减小、钕离子掺杂质量分数增加时,激光晶体端面处的温升和热形变量也相应地增大;在相同泵浦条件下,钕离子掺杂质量分数为 0 5%的掺钕钒酸钇晶体中截面处的温升大于其他掺杂质量分数的晶体的相应温升.     

激光二极管端面泵浦激光棒热效应的解析研究

为了解决激光二极管端面泵浦激光棒引起的热效应问题，基于热传导理论，建构了热传导方程新的本征函数解，得出了激光棒内温度场与热形变场的一般解析表达式．该表达式不仅解决了由于棒内热流线径向假设造成的温场计算误差问题，而且解决了使用数值分析方法带来的计算精度不高的问题．研究结果表明，当激光二极管的泵浦功率为20W、泵浦光斑高斯半径为200μm时，掺钕离子质量分数为0．5％的钒酸钇激光棒泵浦端面具有451．2℃的最高温升和3．42μm的最大热形变量．对激光棒内等温线分布状态分析可以得出，其热流线为非径向分布．与棒内热流线径向假设计算结果对比，激光棒的最高温升值减小了30%．所得结果可以用于激光谐振腔的设计，为减小激光系统的热效应问题提供了理论依据．     

LD双端面泵浦Nd:YAG激光器实验研究

【目的】对双端面泵浦的Nd:YAG激光器进行实验研究。【方法】设计了一种对激光晶体YAG进行双端面泵浦的结构方式,提出对激光晶体介质进行传导冷却与水冷冷却相结合的散热方法,并进一步分析在双端面泵浦下晶体内部的热功率分布,并对晶体内的温度场分布进行了数值模拟计算。【结果】采用U型平行平面腔结构,在注入总泵浦光为33.8W时,得到最高输出功率22.30 W,光-光转换斜效率为71.2%,出光阈值功率为6.68 W,输出光束为基模,M2为1.4。【结论】双端面泵浦YAG激光器比单端面泵浦具有更高的转换效率、更好的光束质量,具有很强的实用价值。     

LD双端面泵浦Nd:YAG激光器实验研究

【目的】对双端面泵浦的Nd:YAG激光器进行实验研究。【方法】设计了一种对激光晶体YAG进行双端面泵浦的结构方式,提出对激光晶体介质进行传导冷却与水冷冷却相结合的散热方法,并进一步分析在双端面泵浦下晶体内部的热功率分布,并对晶体内的温度场分布进行了数值模拟计算。【结果】采用U型平行平面腔结构,在注入总泵浦光为33.8W时,得到最高输出功率22.30 W,光-光转换斜效率为71.2%,出光阈值功率为6.68 W,输出光束为基模,M2为1.4。【结论】双端面泵浦YAG激光器比单端面泵浦具有更高的转换效率、更好的光束质量,具有很强的实用价值。
     

脉冲泵浦对准三能级Nd:YAG激光晶体热效应的影响

对热效应影响严重的准三能级系统激光晶体采用脉冲激光泵浦,在泊松方程中引入矩形方波函数,考虑晶体侧面与冷却液之间的对流传热,以及晶体端面与外界的热传导,建立圆柱形Nd:YAG晶体的热传导模型和边界条件,采用有限元差分方法,求解变形后的泊松方程,得到激光晶体内温度的建立过程和临界稳定温度场分布。结果表明,采用脉冲泵浦方式能大大降低晶体内部的温度,有效减小晶体内部的热效应,为准三能级和三能级系统激光晶体的热效应研究提供了参考。     

LD端面泵浦激光晶体热效应分析

针对二极管激光器端面泵浦Nd:YVO晶体工作特点,提出矩形各向异性激光晶体热模型.在晶体周边冷却,两通光面绝热情况下,通过求解泊松热传导方程,得出了矩形截面Nd:YVO4激光晶体的温度分布,进而求解Nd:YVO4激光晶体端面热膨胀量.研究结果表明,在泵浦功率为18W时,激光晶体泵浦面最高升温344.4K,最大热形变量2.85μm.对激光晶体温度场分布和端面热形变的研究,为解决晶体热效应提供了理论基础.     

钛宝石激光端面泵浦钕掺杂钒酸钇薄片激光器

报道了采用σ偏振钛宝石激光端面泵浦ａ切割掺钕钒酸钇薄片激光器中的偏振热透镜补偿特性研究，在常温下获得２ｍＷ低阈值、大于５０％的高光－光转换效率的连续基横模运转，在８８０ｍＷ注入泵浦功率下，输出４４０ｍＷ的ＴＥＭ００模激光．同时，研究了随着泵浦功率的增加，激光的纵模演化特性．结果表明，以σ偏振泵浦时，π偏振的１．０６４μｍ激光功率相对波动度小于１％．     

自聚焦透镜耦合Nd:YVO4/LBO全固态绿光激光器

目的为减小传统透镜耦合系统给泵浦光束带来的热畸变,提高耦合效率,较好地实现抽运光与振荡光之间的模式匹配。方法利用自聚焦透镜端面抽运Nd:YVO4/LBO系统,LBO晶体采用了I类非临界相位匹配方式,分析了激光晶体热透镜效应对三镜V型折叠腔稳定性的影响。结果通过对端面抽运Nd:YVO4晶体工作特点的分析,得出了端面抽运方形激光晶体内部温度场的分布规律和热透镜焦距的表达式。结论抽运光功率为28.4 W时,获得了9.9 W的连续绿光输出,其光-光转换效率达34.9%。     

全固态激光器中泵浦速率分布的数值模拟

以LD端面泵浦的固体激光器为例,讨论了泵浦光源在激光晶体中的分布模型,计算了泵浦速率分布函数的归一化,并对分布函数进行了数值模拟。     

LD端面泵浦固体激光谐振腔的研究

为了对激光谐振腔体进行优化设计，采用ABCD光学传输矩阵理论．计算得到具有普适性的三镜折叠腔内高斯模式束腰的解析解．对一典型平-平热透镜腔进行计算分析，结果表明；在针对其进行优化设计的泵浦范围内．腔体稳定性很好．激光光斑半径基本不随泵浦功率变化而波动．实验中以808nm尾纤输出的激光二极管端面泵浦Nd：YAG晶体产生连续1064nm激光．激光输出结果与理论模型值能够较好地相符．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to