行列式的计算方法探讨

行列式计算的技巧性很强。理论上,任何一个行列式都可以按照定义进行计算,但是直接按照定义计算而不借助于计算机有时是不可能的。本文在总结已有常规行列式计算方法的基础上,结合历年数学专业硕士研究生入学考试试题特征性进行分析,对行列式的计算方法和一些技巧进行了更深入的探讨。总结出"定义法"、"化三角形法"、"用行列式的性质转化为已知的行列式"、"滚动消去法"、"拆分法"、"加边法"、"归纳法"、"利用递推降级法"、"利用重要的结论与重要公式"、"特征值法"等10种计算技巧和途径。     

"四构件装配式钢筋混凝土管形通道"实用计算方法研究

文章对"四构件装配式钢筋混凝土管形通道"结构体系的工作状态进行了较深入的研究.针对目前计算方法和计算模型存在的不足,提出以可变联合作用体系、有限弹性工作状态、有限联合界面粘结和近似弗拉曼条件解为核心的基本假定.在此基础上,将桩基计算"m法"与结构计算"有限元法"结合,提出用于土中复杂结构计算,始于弹性初始状态的"有限元...     

介子圈图传播子重整化有限量的有效计算法(I)

采用中性介子与核子(反核子)相互作用的Lorentz不变耦合模型,对计算"介子单圈图传播子与链图传播子"在动量重整化方案中的"有限量"涉及的通常解析计算方法(即Feynman高维收敛积分计算方法)作了详尽分析、讨论与研究,发现可以从"大动量积分"计算角度出发建立起一种更为有效与实用的计算方法--"大动量积分极限法".采用这种有效方法,对介子圈图传播子重整化"有限量"作了具体降维积分计算,获得了这个"有限量"的"一维积分严格解析表达式".     

光子圈(链)图传播子重整化有限量的严格解析计算(I)

采用光子与电子(反电子)相互作用的最小电磁耦合模型,对"光子单圈图传播子与链图传播子"在动量重整化方案中的"有限量"的通常解析计算方法--Feynman高维收敛积分计算方法作了详尽分析、讨论与研究,发现可以从"大动量积分"计算角度出发建立起一种更为有效与实用的计算方法--大动量积分极限法.采用这种"有效计算方法",对光子圈图传播子重整化"有限量"作了具体降维积分计算,获得了这个"有限量"的"一维积分严格解析表达式".     

在化学实验教学中培养学生的"记忆、操作、计算"能力

"记忆、操作、计算"能力是化学实验教学中培养的三项基本能力,其中"操作"能力为三项能力之首.用"操作"巩固"记忆",用"操作"强化"计算",使学生真正达到记忆快准、操作稳准、计算精准.     

油气资源评价方法的分类、内涵与外延

根据计算基础、计算方式、计算过程的不同,可将油气资源评价方法分为成因法、统计法、类比法3大类,并且这3类评价方法可进一步细分。通过对不同油气资源评价方法的实质与关键问题分析,认为成因法实质上是一种"模拟法",不同成因法的计算侧重点有所不同,计算过程可看做"递减"模式;统计法通过分析各种统计数据来计算油气资源量,实质上是一种"数据法",计算过程可看做"递增"模式;类比法通过与刻度区的相似性来确定预测区中油气资源的富集程度,其计算结果往往会受一些敏感参数的影响,实质上是一种"主观认识法",计算过程可看做"中值"模式。对不同评价对象与不同勘探程度地区需要选择适用的评价方法,以提高可靠程度。本文还讨论了一种新的资源量结果综合法,即结果区间法,可更直观地分析资源量计算结果的分布范围,提高最终结果的准确度。     

三种计算层次分析法中权值的方法

分析了几种计算权值的常见的方法,在分析最小二乘法的基础上,分别以"残差平方之和最小"、"残差绝对值之和最小"和"最大残差绝对值最小"准则的建立了计算权值的三种新方法。通过实例给出了计算方法和结果。     

介子圈图传播子重整化有限量的有效计算法(II)

采用"复变函数积分法",对中性介子与核子(反核子)相互作用的Lorentz不变耦合模型中的"介子单圈传播子与链图传播子",在动量重整化方案中的"有限量"--由"大动量积分极限法"所计算导出的"一重积分",作了严格解析计算,获得了这种"传播子"重整化"有限量"的最终严格解析计算结果.同时,还对这种微小的"辐射修正"作了具体数值计算处理和相关讨论.     

利用公式计算方向导数问题的讨论

阐述了计算方向导数时应注意"夹角"与"转角"的问题,并举例说明如何利用公式计算方向导数。     

“研究式”教学法在计算方法实验课程教学中的应用

基于"计算方法"实验课程的特点,针对传统教学法存在的不足,结合具体实例,探讨了"研究式"教学法在"计算方法"实验课程教学中的应用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.