基于 PLC 信道相关性的分集合并技术研究

研究电力线信道(power line channel,PLC)相关性对提高电力线通信系统的性能具有重要意义.基于电力线信道的多输入多输出(multiple input muliple output,MIMO)模型和信道本身的物理特性,可知电力线载波通信系统中信道间存在一定的相关性.详细分析了电力线信道单输入多输出(single input multiple output,SIMO)系统中子信道之间相关性及计算方式,同时也分析了电力线单输入多输出系统在分集合并技术下,采用二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying,BPSK)调制方式时的最大比合并和等增益合并的系统误码率,比较了2种分集合并技术在不同的信道相关性下的误码率.通过仿真得出,相关性会影响分集合并的误码率,进而影响系统的性能.     

多径衰落的空间相关性及其对空间分集接收机的影响

给出了一个蜂窝通信中基站空间分集接收的信道模型,并采用此模型通过仿真研究了不同天线上信号衰落的相关性及其对接收机性能的影响。此外,还给出了在已知相关矩阵的条件下,分集接收机平均误码率的数值计算方法,与通常计算误码率采用的蒙特卡罗仿真方法相比大大地降低了运算量。     

LMSC的六状态Markov模型的平均BER的理论分析与仿真

 理论上分析了陆地移动卫星信道(LMSC,Land-MobileSatelliteChannel)在采用六状态马尔科夫(Markov)模型情况下的平均BER(Bit Error Rate,误码率),并分别得到了没有采用分集和采用L分支的MRC分集(Maximal Ratio Combining,最大比合并)情况下平均BER的闭环表达式.在不同环境条件下,并考虑采用分集接收和不采用分集接收时,对BPSK(Binary Phase-Shift Keying,二进制相移键控)调制下的六状态和两状态的平均BER进行仿真比较.通过仿真验证了六状态Markov模型的有效性.     

舰船激光通信中大气湍流对信道的影响

舰船激光通信中大气对通信的信道有重要的影响.基于Kolmogorov大气湍流理论,结合舰船通信的物理条件得出了影响舰船激光通信信道的湍流的特征函数,此时的大气处在强湍流环境下;同时分析了在相应湍流强度下大气湍流对信道的影响如光束闪烁、光斑畸变等,并通过仿真对其进行了验证.     

基于模式分集的大气湍流补偿技术研究

针对空间光通信系统中大气湍流对系统性能影响较大的问题,提出了基于模式分集结合最大比合并 ( MRC: Maximum Ratio Combining) 算法的大气湍流补偿方案,采用不同模式作为独立信道进行空间分集接收, 利用最大比合并算法实现多模式信道的分集合并。其中在最大比合并算法实现方面,把不同支路的信噪比测 量问题转化为数字域的信噪比权重系数计算问题,简化了硬件实现难度。应用VPItransmissionMaker 仿真平台 并结合Matlab 编程,搭建仿真系统,验证了该方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,该方法能很好地补偿大气湍流对 空间光通信系统性能的影响,而且对强湍流的补偿效果略好于弱湍流,模式分集数量越多,补偿效果越好。     

对流层散射信道下多天线分集OFDM系统研究

将OFDM技术应用于对流层散射通信可以提高散射通信容量,但子载波间干扰(ICI)成为降低系统性能的主要因素,为此引入天线分集技术以抑制ICI的影响。在建立散射信道模型基础上,分析与求解了OFDM系统的ICI数学统计特性,然后引入天线分集技术,分析与推导了系统的误码率,通过仿真,对比了采用天线分集技术前后OFDM系统的误码率性能。结果表明:ICI随归一化多普勒扩展的增大而迅速增加,从而使OFDM系统产生误码平台,分集技术可以克服以上问题,在归一化多普勒频移0.02,信噪比20dB时,2重分集能使误码率降低2个数量级以上,3重分集使误码率降低4个数量级。     

对流层散射信道下多天线分集OFDM系统研究

将OFDM技术应用于对流层散射通信可以提高散射通信容量,但子载波间干扰(ICI)成为降低系统性能的主要因素,为此引入天线分集技术以抑制ICI的影响。在建立散射信道模型基础上,分析与求解了OFDM系统的ICI数学统计特性,然后引入天线分集技术,分析与推导了系统的误码率,通过仿真,对比了采用天线分集技术前后OFDM系统的误码率性能。结果表明:ICI随归一化多普勒扩展的增大而迅速增加,从而使OFDM系统产生误码平台,分集技术可以克服以上问题,在归一化多普勒频移0.02,信噪比20 dB时,2重分集能使误码率降低2个数量级以上,3重分集使误码率降低4个数量级。     

采用四重分集接收技术抑制信号衰落

把二重空间分集和二重频率分集组成的四重分集接收技术应用于抑制信号衰落。介绍了分集接收的概念,比较分析了多重分集合并误码性能,从合并方式,合并位置、以及相关性设计探讨如何有效实现分集接收。在耒通信系统工程实践中表明,采用四重分集接收技术有效抑制了信号衰落。     

临近空间Ka频段信道建模

构建了一种临近空间Ka频段小区制覆盖的通信信道模型。首先,讨论了临近空间信道的几何特性,将通信覆盖区域根据不同仰角分为高仰角区、中仰角区和低仰角区;其次,分析了影响信道特性的5种因素:大气吸收衰减、对流层闪烁衰减、云雾衰减、降雨衰减以及地面反射体造成的多径效应,总结出降雨衰减和多径效应对临近空间Ka频段通信信道的影响要远大于其他3种因素;最后,分析了不同仰角情况下,地面反射体、雨衰对信道的影响,并且根据Ka频段静止卫星通信信道在各种天气条件下信号的概率分布参数,对临近空间Ka频段小区制覆盖的通信信道模型进行了仿真,分别给出了不同仰角区的误码率性能仿真曲线。对于临近空间通信平台的开发与研究具有指导意义。     

分布式空时码协作分集系统的性能分析

提出了一种基于分布式空时码的非正交协作分集(DSTC-NOCD)系统.利用译码转发(DF)中继信道模型,推导了BPSK星座调制下系统误码率的理论值,并分析了协作用户上行信道和用户间信道质量对系统性能的影响.仿真结果表明:与直接传输系统相比,DSTC-NOCD系统能获得显著的性能增益,在用户间信道高信噪比条件下能获得完全分集增益;且在可接受的性能损失条件下能够获得比OCD系统更高的频谱效率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.