铁基粉末的恒流电致快速烧结

采用恒流电致烧结方法对铁基混合粉末进行了快速烧结,通过对不同通电时间烧结样品的显微组织、断口形貌进行分析,并对其电阻、密度及各项机械性能进行测试,研究了粉末的电致烧结行为.结果表明：在较低的测量温度下,粉末中出现了烧结颈,并发生了铁-碳的互扩散,且颗粒界面有局部熔化的迹象,证实电致烧结初期在颗粒接触区域存在局部高温;随着烧结过程的进行,烧结体的密度、横向断裂强度和显微维氏硬度均呈上升趋势,电阻则逐渐降低.     

新型碲镍铬合金粉末材料显微组织分析

在镍铬合金粉末中加入微量的碲,均匀混合后置于6 mm×200 mm的石英管中烧结,制备碲镍铬合金.通过扫描电镜、电子探针、X-ray分析等方法研究碲对镍铬合金显微组织的影响;用HBRV-187.5布洛维硬度仪、HV-1000显微硬度测试仪和MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机检测新型碲镍铬合金粉末材料的洛氏硬度(HRC)、显微硬度(HV)和抗磨损性能.结果表明:在镍铬合金粉末中加入微量的碲,镍铬合金材料生成新的相,起到稳定镍铬合金粉末材料硬度和磨损性能的作用.     

粉末烧结体热复压变形力的工程计算

阐述用机械压力机进行粉末热锻时Fe-0.22C粉末烧结体热复压变形力的工程计算.在相同温度下进行粉末烧结体热复压,锻造力的增加往往使锻造密度也增加.介绍了粉末烧结体热复压试验用的设备、材料及方法.通过热复压变形测定了一定锻造温度下的真实屈服应力σs.根据Kuhn关于多孔预制坯的屈服准则和热复压时的应力应变关系提出复压力的理论公式,可导得简化的热复压变形力的工程计算公式.本公式对粉末锻造实际生产有一定的实用意义.     

钼制品粉末热锻模具设计的研究

以钼制品粉末热锻实验为基础,研究和讨论了粉末热锻模具的材料选择、结构设计和型腔径向尺寸的精确计算.着重讨论以往铁制品粉末热锻模具设计的理论和经验公式对难熔金属钼粉末热锻模具设计的适应性.变换C.L.Doweny理论公式并应用于模冲芯杆尺寸的计算,其结果令人满意.分析了经验公式中经验参数β值的物理意义及其应用.     

镍基F105Fe粉末选区激光烧结试验

针对选区激光烧结金属零件致密度低、机械性能差等问题,分析了金属粉末选区激光烧结的工艺特点,讨论了扫描路径对金属粉末烧结成形的影响以及金属粉末直接烧结成形的基本机理.选用镍基F105Fe粉末进行选区激光烧结成形金属零件,采用扫描电镜、显微硬度测量、阿基米德定律等方法,研究了扫描路径对选区激光烧结制件微观组织、显微硬度和致密度的影响.结果表明,扫描路径的不同不会改变制件的微观组织,但对组织的均匀化和细化有一定的影响;扫描路径对制件的机械性能影响显著,变向扫描制备的制件显微硬度比较高,致密性最好,短边同向扫描制备的制件显微硬度最高.     

纳米晶W-Ni-Fe复合粉末烧结过程中的致密化与显微组织演变

采用溶胶喷雾干燥-热还原法制备纳米晶93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe复合粉末,利用高温热膨胀仪测定和研究纳米品复合粉末的烧结收缩动力学曲线特征,计算纳米晶W-Ni-Fe复合粉末的固相烧结激活能,并利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜分析致密化过程中显微组织的演变规律.研究结果表明:纳米晶W-Ni-Fe复合粉末的开始收缩和剧烈收缩温度分别为900℃和1 120℃,其最大的线收缩率达0.097 ％/℃;在1 200℃以下的固相烧结阶段,压坯便发生显著的致密化,其致密化程度可达98％以上,固相烧结的表观激活能为154.83 kJ/mol,比传统粉末烧结激活能大大降低;在固相烧结期间,W晶粒尺寸长大缓慢,在1 380℃以上液相烧结时W晶粒长大急剧加快.     

粉末粒度对Ti（C,N）基金属陶瓷组织与性能的影响

采用细碳化物粉末来提高金属陶瓷的抗弯强度，达到细化增韧的目的，研究表明，细粉表面能大，对烧结过程提供的驱动力大，并由于硬质相ＴｉＣ粉末的粒度分布范围窄，且较均等，颗粒之间容易接近热力学上的平衡，可获得细小而较均匀的显微组织，其线收缩率比粗粉的高，烧结体的密度也高于粗粉的，使金属陶瓷的抗弯强度明显地得到提高。     

镍基粉末高温合金FGH95的组织和性能

论文讨论了FGH95氩气雾化粉末颗粒的凝固组织，合金相组成，表面化学成分；粉末经过热等静压后的显微组织与相组成，原颗粒边界碳化物的本质和形成机制，热等静压坯再经热挤压后合金组织的改善，以及用改进的最终热处理使合金获得良好的显微组织，以提高合金的高温的拉伸，持久断裂，低周疲劳性能。     

高能球磨纳米镍粉制备块体材料的研究

采用高能球磨法制备了纳米晶Ni粉末,对纳米晶粉末进行预压烧结,获得纳米晶镍块体材料.采用显微分析方法研究了纳米晶粉末和块体材料的显微组织结构.试验结果表明,高能球磨所得镍粉平均晶粒尺寸为10 nm;预压烧结块体的平均晶粒尺寸在100 nm以下;块体相对致密度在烧结温度为0.6Tm时达到最大值.     

纯铜粉末包套-等径角挤压工艺实验研究

针对粉末材料低塑性的特点,在室温条件下采用包套-等径角挤压工艺(PITS-ECAP)将纯铜粉末颗粒直接固结成高致密度块体细晶材料.结果表明,包套-等径角挤压工艺对粉末材料具有有效的致密和细化效果.4道次PITS-ECAP工艺变形后,试样X、Y、Z面均受到剧烈剪切作用,晶粒尺寸得到明显细化,显微组织呈细长条带流线状,且分布较为均匀;试样整体组织达到完全致密,平均显微硬度高达1 470 MPa.在PITSECAP工艺变形过程中,剧烈塑性剪切变形、较高静水压力和有效应变积累是保证粉末材料致密度大幅度提高以及显微组织有效细化的主要原因.     

ZrO_2颗粒增强生物陶瓷TCP材料的研究

介绍了ＺｒＯ２颗粒增强生物活性陶瓷ＴＣＰＦ［Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２］材料的制备方法；分析了粉末及烧结体的相变和显微结构；探讨了粉末特性及不同制备工艺对材料力学性能的影响；考察了在模拟体液中的生化反应动力学过程，研究发现，亚微米ＺｒＯ２粉末对ＴＣＰ有较大的增强作用，材料在模拟体液中的失重将随浸蚀时间延长而减缓。     

烧结页岩清水砖抗冻性能研究

广西科技大学新型建筑材料课题组前期试验数据作为理论依据,以烧结页岩砖的原料物理性质为基础,研制开发烧结页岩清水砖。为了进一步研究烧结页岩清水砖的抗冻性能,通过将烧结页岩清水砖与普通烧结页岩砖试件的理化成分与微观结构进行对比分析,再进行冻融循环对比试验,以及砖体在饱水状态下的导热系数测定,得出清水烧结页岩砖抗冻性能要优于普通烧结页岩砖。试验结论为:烧结页岩清水砖抗冻性能达到《墙体材料应用统一技术规范》GB 50574-2010相关指标。为后续试验提供相关数据,为烧结页岩清水砖的推广奠定基础,并建议将饱水状态下的砖体导热系数作为砖体抗冻性能指标之一。     

Effect of sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of doped AgSnO_2 contact materials

AgSnO_ 2 electrical contact materials doped with Bi_2O_3,La_2O_3,and TiO_2 were successfully fabricated by the powder metallurgy method under different initial sintering temperatures.The electrical conductivity,density,hardness,and contact resistance of the Ag Sn O_2/Bi_2O_3,AgSnO_2/La_2O_3,and AgSnO_2/Ti O_2 contact materials were measured and analyzed.The arc-eroded surface morphologies of the doped AgSnO_2 contact materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The effects of the initial sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of the doped AgSnO_2 contact materials were discussed.The results indicate that the physical properties can be improved and the contact resistance of the AgSnO_2 contact materials can be substantially reduced when the materials are sintered under their optimal initial sintering temperatures.     

Effect of spark plasma sintering and reinforcements on the formation of ultra-fine and nanograins in AA2024-TiB2-Y hybrid composites

This study reports the influence of sintering mechanism and reinforcement materials on the formation of ultra-fine and nanograins in Al-TiB₂-Y nanohybrid composites. The mechanical properties of the composites and their corresponding micro and nanostructures are correlated. The experimental and characterization results revealed that despite the addition of TiB₂, the hard and brittle Al₃Ti phase formation in the composites was suppressed and hence, their ductility was retained. It was found that yttrium content of 0.3 ?wt% was the optimum amount which created advantageous spark plasma sintering conditions, and the addition of 0.3 ?wt% promoted the formation of bi-modal size grains (ultra-fine and nano) along with micro grains, Ω and other nano precipitates, resulting in a significant enhancement in the composite properties. The formation of ultra-fine and nanograins may be attributed to the combined effect of melting and rapid solidification at necking zones due to Joule's heating and thermo-mechanical fatigue. Among all the sintered composites, the highest hardness (137 HV), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (496 ?MPa), yield strength (YS) (438 ?MPa) with 15.7% elongation were obtained in the sintered sample reinforced with 1.0 ?wt% TiB₂ and 0.3 ?wt% yttrium.     

三点弯曲法测试微波烧结氧化锆陶瓷的断裂韧性值KIC^＊

本文采用三点弯曲法测量了微波烧结氧化锆陶瓷的断裂韧性，并与压痕法的测量做了比较．同时也比较了微波烧结与常规烧结陶瓷材料的性能．     

Effect of sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of doped AgSnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> contact materials

AgSnO₂ electrical contact materials doped with Bi₂O₃, La₂O₃, and TiO₂ were successfully fabricated by the powder metallurgy method under different initial sintering temperatures. The electrical conductivity, density, hardness, and contact resistance of the AgSnO₂/Bi₂O₃, AgSnO₂/La₂O₃, and AgSnO₂/TiO₂ contact materials were measured and analyzed. The arc-eroded surface morphologies of the doped AgSnO₂ contact materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of the initial sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of the doped AgSnO₂ contact materials were discussed. The results indicate that the physical properties can be improved and the contact resistance of the AgSnO₂ contact materials can be substantially reduced when the materials are sintered under their optimal initial sintering temperatures.     

AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料制备及其触变成形

采用近液相线半连续铸造技术制备AlSi7MgBe合金半固态坯料,研究制坯工艺以及二次加热温度和保温时间对半固态浆料微观组织的影响,通过组织与性能分析对AlSi7MgBe合金的半固态触变成形性进行了研究.研究结果表明,AlSi7MgBe合金采用近液相线半连续铸造,坯料具有均匀、细小的蔷薇状组织.当二次加热温度为595℃,保温15 min时,能够得到适合于进行半固态触变成形的球化组织.对近液相线半连续铸造AlSi7MgBe合金坯料进行半固态触变成形,可以获得轮廓清晰、组织致密的成形件,成形件的组织与性能得到改善,与液态模锻工艺相比,硬度提高20%.     

钢在温锻时的回弹

钢材经精密温锻后,可以显著提高其综合机械性能,减少加工工序。但钢料温锻后,由于回弹量和热弹量将引起锻件尺寸改变。本文针对回弹量的计算进行研究,导出公式,用以确定在指定温锻规范下的回弹量,并绘制成图,便于工程应用。     

Production of 316L stainless steel implant materials by powder metallurgy and investigation of their wear properties

In this study,the mechanical and wear properties of AISI 316L stainless steel implant materials,produced by powder metallurgy(P/M),were investigated.AISI 316L stainless steel powder was cold-pressed with 800 MPa of pressure and then sintered at 1200,1250 and 1300°C for 30 min as three sample groups.The microstructure,and mechanical and wear properties of the resulting steels were investigated.Light optical and scanning electron microscopiese were used to characterize the microstructure of the steels.Room temperature mechanical properties of the steels were determined by hardness measurements and impact tests.Wear was determined using the pin-on-disc wear test,and the results were evaluated according to weight loss.The results indicate that the sintering temperature,time and atmosphere are important parameters that affect the porous ratio of materials produced by P/M.Sintering at high temperature can eliminate small pores and make the residual pores spherical.The wear tests showed that the wear of the AISI 316L stainless steel implants changed depending on the sintering temperature and load.Spherical pores in the samples increase the wear resistance.Moreover,decreasing the porosity ratio of these materials improves all of their mechanical properties.     

TZ20钛合金的疲劳行为及其机制研究

金属及合金的疲劳性能和疲劳行为是影响其长期安全服役的一个重要的因素。本文主要研究了锻造态和退火态Ti-20Zr-6.5Al-4V(简称TZ20)的疲劳行为和疲劳机制。XRD结果表明,锻造态和退火态两种状态的TZ20合金均由α相和β相组成。微观组织分析表明,虽然两种状态下该合金都呈现出典型的网篮组织特征,但是其各相含量及其晶粒尺寸有较大的区别。疲劳实验结果表明,锻造态和退火态合金的条件疲劳极限σ0.1(107)分别为623 MPa和572 MPa。疲劳断口分析表明,锻造试样疲劳断口具有多个疲劳裂纹源,而退火试样的疲劳断口只有一个疲劳裂纹源。