广东低温阴雨年景预测

在广东省低温阴雨天气的特征和类型研究的基础上,采用气候场主分量逐步回归预报模型,通过相关分析和逐步回归,求得低温阴雨场主分量与高度场、海温场、环流指数以及副高面积指数等因子场主分量之间的联系,建立了广东低温阴雨场前15个主分量预报方程,对广东10个代表站的1990年低温阴雨总日数作预测,其结果平均绝对误差约为4d。     

主分量逐步回归在气温预测中的应用

以广东省冬季气温场为预报场,前一年的北太平洋海温场和北半球500 hPa高度场为因子场,分别对它们作标准化处理,然后进行主分量分析,得到主分量矩阵。通过相关分析和逐步回归,求得预报场的主分量与因子场的主分量之间的关系,对预报场的标准化主分量进行反算,得到原始场的拟合和预报。结果显示,广东省冬季气温场前4个主分量(对总方差的累积贡献达到97.5%)的预报方程都通过显著性检验,其方程复相关系数基本在0.9以上。对广东省48个代表站2001-2003年冬季气温进行预测检验,大部分预测结果的残余标准差比同期的样本标准差低,同时回归方程的预报误差略低于实际业务预报误差,因而回归方程对实际天气预报业务工作有一定的参考意义。     

方便面油分近红外漫反射光谱特征波长的确定

建立反映方便面含油率与近红外漫反射光谱（ＮＩＲＤＲＳ）数据之间关系的数学模型即定标方程,是利用ＮＩＲＤＲＳ技术检测方便面含油率的前提,其中定标方程选入的特征波长与方便面含油率关系最密切,因此特征波长的确定是建立定标方程的关键本研究采用４０个方便面定标样品,其ＮＩＲＤＲＳ数据分别经一阶和二阶导数变换处理,运用逐步回归分析方法建立了相应的两个定标方程,复相关系数分别为０．９７８、０．９８６,标准差分别为０．４２４、０．３４２判定５７６９ｃｍ－１、５７８１ｃｍ－１两个波长是方便面油分在近红外区的特征吸收波长为证实特征波长的可靠性,研究通过实验和理论分析比较了棕榈油、面粉—棕榈油、方便面、面粉和水分的近红外漫反射光谱的吸收特征,证明用逐步回归方法挑选出的如上两个特征波长是可靠的     

南海西南季风爆发的预测研究

利用多个气候场的主分量因子通过相关分析筛选 ,而后进行逐步回归预报。求得南海西南季风爆发的日期与高度场、海温场等因子场的主分量之间的联系。结果表明 ,南海夏季风爆发日期 (196 7- 1997)与上述主分量因子之间有较密切的关系 ,由 9个主分量因子组成的预报方程 ,通过α =0 0 1显著性检验 ,其方程复相关系数为 0 9392。其平均拟合误差为 2 896 ,试报 1998年南海北部和南部西南季风爆发的日期为第 135 6 9d (5月 16日 )和第 138 5 3d (5月 19日 ) ,与SCSMEX的观测结论 1998年南海北部夏季风爆发 (5月 17日 )的日期仅差 1d ,南海中南部夏季风爆发 (5月 2 5日 )的日期相差 6d。由此可见 ,利用相关和回归方法用因子场的主分量作为因子预报南海北部夏季风爆发的效果比较好 ,南部则相对较差。另外 ,研究发现南海北部夏季风爆发主要与海温场的影响有关 ,高度场对南海南部夏季风爆发影响较大 ,且厄尔尼诺与南海南部西南季风爆发偏晚有关 ,但与南海北部西南季风爆发关系不大。可以说 ,这一方法是对南海夏季风爆发预报的一种新的尝试。     

长江三峡水库兴建后库周地区辐射平衡与地面径流变化之探讨

从地球表面水量平衡、热量平衡两个基本方程出发，通过对其中一系列变量在三峡建库前后变化的分析，推导库周地区辐射平衡、蒸发量、年径流量等重要水热因素将会发生的变化，从而对整个库区环境的演变可窥豹一斑．库周沿江地区辐射平衡将增大约４２％～６７％，即（８０～１２６）×１０３Ｊ·ｃｍ－２·ａ－１，库周地表蒸发量平均将增大约２％～４％，其中重庆地区增加幅度大于宜昌地区，库周地表径流将减少约８％～１０％，即４５～５５ｍｍ·ａ－１，库区潜热通量将增加２％～４％左右，即（２９～５４）×１０３Ｊ·ｃｍ－２·ａ－１，库周地区地面与大气间的湍流显热交换将增加约１０％～１５％，即（４２～８·４）×１０３Ｊ·ｃｍ－２·ａ－１．     

有源滤波器的设计及其应用

介绍一种基于查表法与计算机辅助计算相结合的方法来设计一种带宽（０３～３１）ＫＨＺ的宽带有源滤波器．其带内波动约小于１５ｄＢ．在３１０ＨＺ以下的１／２倍频程处和３１ＫＨＺ以上的倍频程处的衰减均≥５５ｄＢ．还介绍一种在解调器中作滤波放大用的有源滤波器，其带宽为（４～６）ＫＨＺ，增益≥２５．     

嘉陵江西河赤眼鳟的生长研究

赤眼鳟属中小型经济鱼类，在筑坝河段生长较快．体长与体重的相关关系为：Ｗ＝００１３８９８Ｌ３０６６８（ｒ＝０９３２０７）；体长和体重生长方程为：Ｌｔ＝６７２１３１［１－ｅ－０１４６４（ｔ＋０９９２５）］，Ｗｔ＝５５９０４９２［１－ｅ－０１４６４（ｔ＋０９９２５）］３０６６８；体重生长拐点ｔｒ＝６６，拐点体重为１６４４１５ｇ．讨论了地方种群间的生长差异，探讨了资源利用状况和保护措施．     

广东省低温阴雨天气的气候特征和类型

利用主分量分析对广东省４７个测站,３７ａ的低温阴雨天气年总日数作统计分析,结果将广东省低温阴雨天气的空间分布分为全省性重（轻）,北重（轻）南轻（重）,东北—西南向轻重相间,北部、西北部和雷州半岛重（轻）其余地区轻（重）４种主要类型,它们占年总日数场总方差的８６６％,并逐年进行类型划分     

吗啡浓度与硬膜外自控镇痛的临床效果观察

以吗啡浓度作为设置依据,对６０例病人进行术后硬膜外吗啡自控镇痛的临床效应观察。结果表明：吗啡用量Ｉ组为（４６０±０４８）ｍｇ,Ⅱ组为（４５２±０８）ｍｇ,两组间比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。视觉模拟评分（ＶＡＳ）Ⅰ组为１１±０５,Ⅱ组为２４±０８,两组间比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５）。ＰＣＡ按压总次数Ⅰ组为（２６±３２）次,实进次数（１９６±２１３）次;Ⅱ组为（８５±１０６３）次,实进数次（６５３±６２４）次,总次数／实进次数比值（Ｄ总／Ｄ实）两组间比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５）。不良反应：恶心Ⅰ组２例（６７％）;Ⅱ组３例（１０％）。提示Ⅰ组吗啡配伍镇痛效果明显优于Ⅱ组,不良反应少,安全有效。     

离子浮选法从钨酸盐溶液中分离钨钼

利用作者试验室合成的捕收剂采用离子浮选法进行了钨钼分离．对于（ＮＨ４）２ＷＯ４溶液和Ｎａ２ＷＯ４溶液体系，每克钼捕收剂用量为６７６ｇ的条件下，对于含钼量为０４～１２ｇ／Ｌ的料液，其除钼率可达到９４％～９９％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.