沪苏皖主要非粮生物柴油能源植物资源的调查与含油量分析

通过对沪苏皖三地非粮生物柴油能源植物的调查及种子含油量的测定,初步了解了沪苏皖现有非粮生物柴油能源植物的资源特点和分布状况.结果显示:沪苏皖三地非粮生物柴油能源植物含油量在10%以上的有59科123属151种.其中高含油量(50%以上)的能源植物主要包括樟科的江浙山胡椒Lindera chienii、狭叶山胡椒L.angustifolia和红脉钓樟L.rubronervia,卫矛科的白杜Euonymus maackii,大戟科的油桐Vernicia fordi、蓖麻Ricinus communis和山茶科的油茶Camellia oleifera等.调查发现目前只有大戟科的乌桕Triadica sebifera被有效开发利用,山茶科的油茶和大戟科的油桐较少利用,山茶科的茶C.sinensis广泛种植但种子却没有被利用.最后,本文针对沪苏皖非粮生物柴油能源植物的资源状况与分布特点及其开发潜力提出了对应的建议.     

探索油桐的资源价值和开发应用潜力

现阶段在我国社会能源的利用和采集过程中，油桐是一种新型的能源．它是一种木本生物质的能源树种，原始产地位于我围武陵山地区，属于大戟科的植物，栽培和利用的历史已经有上千年。油桐属于一种边际性经济型的林树种，不与粮食等作物争夺土地，分布的区域比较广泛，具有非常重要的工业价值、社会经济价值、能源价值、药用价值以及生态价值，所以油桐存在着非常巨大的开发潜力空间。因此针对油桐的主要生物学特性、分布状况、资源价值、其开发利用的现状及国家发展战略进行分析和介绍，并且简单地阐述现阶段国内对于油桐的科学研究、种植以及其加工历史和发展前景。     

小桐子——生物质能源树种新秀

随着德国植物学家的一篇报道,“小桐子”一词就与“生物柴油”一起传开来。然而,小桐子是什么植物,分布在哪些地方,“生物柴油”又是怎么回事?2005年9月,我和北京林业大学副校长、林木育种专家陈晓阳教授带着这些问题开始了西南考察之行。9月5日,我们到了位于四川省东部大巴山区的达州。这里属亚热带气候,湿润温和、植被茂盛、物种报柴什柴我种始省热种丰富。到达州后,我们就赶往宣汉、达县考察油桐。油桐是一种大戟科的落叶乔木,高十几米,与小桐子一样,是很有利用前景的能源树种。达州曾大力发展过油桐,在宣汉甚至提出过“人人百株桐”的口…     

河南省发展生物能源产业的优势分析

能源安全和环境保护已成为制约经济发展的重要因素,生物能源作为一种可再生的洁净能源,越来越受到追捧。河南省是中国最早开发生物能源技术的省份之一,在发展生物能源产业方面具有政策优势、技术优势、资源优势。河南省应抓住难得的机遇,加快生物能源产业发展。     

浅议第二代生物燃料技术及其发展

阐述了第二代生物燃料技术产生的背景、优点及发展趋势,讨论了第二代生物燃料的关键技术——催化酶技术,分析了中国发展第二代生物燃料的巨大潜力,探讨了第二代生物柴油的生产与造纸业的＂契合＂,指出必须把开发生物能源置于我国能源产业发展的重要战略地位。     

开发生物燃气 助力绿色转型

针对化石能源几近枯竭、亟待新的国家能源战略的现状,讨论了发展生物质能源一举多得、有效处理城市生活垃圾变废为宝、促进生物燃气逐步替代天然气等问题,并对开发生物燃气提出对策性建议。     

当前中国生物质能源发展的若干战略思考

 国际能源署《2018可再生能源年度报告》首次指称生物能源是“被忽视的巨人”,预测在未来5年内,以供热/暖和车用生物燃料为主的生物能源将引领全球范围可再生能源的发展。结合中国生物质能源近年发展实践,对生物质能源的再定位、发展生物天然气的战略意义、开发生物质“二代原料”、以多联产提高竞争力,以及建设国家生物质油气田等战略提出思考。     

内蒙古自治区未利用土地可再生能源潜力评估

 内蒙古自治区的可再生能源丰富,在中国未来可再生能源发展版图中具有重要地位。结合空间分析技术和多准则分析评价方法,对内蒙古十二盟市未利用土地上的生物液体燃料、风能发电和太阳能发电资源潜力进行评估,并给出协调发展3类能源的空间布局建议。研究结果表明：阿拉善盟由于未利用土地面积较大,具备3种可再生能源同时进行资源开发的潜力;针对甜高粱燃料乙醇,除阿拉善盟外,鄂尔多斯市也具有较大的可开发潜力;对于风电开发,可优先考虑巴彦淖尔市和乌海市;光伏发电发展应聚焦在阿拉善盟和锡林郭勒盟。     

安徽省生物质能源产业发展现状及建议

安徽省生物质能源产业发展现状 安徽省是农业大省,具有丰富的生物质能资源,如玉米、油菜籽及各类农作物秸秆等.安徽省生物质能源的开发利用也较早,20世纪80年代就开始了生物柴油的研究开发,近年来,随着石油、煤炭等化石能源价格上涨,生物质能源的研发及产业化有了较快发展.中国科技大学、合肥工业大学、安徽理工大学等都在从事相关的研究开发,并取得了较大进展.丰原生化、国风生物能源、格林生物、天焱绿色能源等一批具有较强创新能力的企业开始从事生物质能源的工业化技术开发,有的已经达到规模化生产,总体水平在国内处于领先地位.安徽省生物质能转化技术产品主要有以下几大类.     

全球燃料乙醇生产推广进展报告

正燃料乙醇生产推广背景自20世纪中期以来,石油成为世界上最重要的能源物资。石油危机给世界经济发展投下了浓重的阴影,可再生能源发展成为大趋势。此外,汽车尾气对环境的污染也日益严重,成为人类共同面对的一大难题。生物质能源原料来源广、可大规模开发、廉价和清洁的属性,使之成为世界各国新能源竞相发展的战略首选。我国是世界生物质资源大国,加快先进生物燃料技术产业化及高值化综合利用,是加快新能源发展、缓解化石能源危     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-