不孕妇女生殖道沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体的感染分析

目的 了解无锡地区不孕妇女生殖道沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体的感染情况。方法 应用聚合酶链反应－酶免方法，对506例不孕妇女及60例对照进行沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体检测。结果 506例不孕妇女生殖道沙眼衣原体和解脲支原体的感染率分别为32.0%和34.0%，60例对照中沙眼衣原体、解脲支原体阳性率分别为6.7%和10.0%，两者相比有极显著性差异（P＜0.001)。结论 无锡地区不孕妇女沙眼衣原体、解脲支原体感染率较高，是导致妇女不孕的重要因素之一。     

运用PCR技术检测育龄妇女宫颈分泌物中沙眼衣原体感染

运用ＰＣＲ技术检测育龄妇女宫颈分泌物中的沙眼衣原体。方法：根据国外报道的ＣＴ基因序列，利用计算机辅助设计选出一对寡核苷酸引物，扩增片段为５１０ｂｐ。结果：运用经改进完善后的ＰＣＲ技术检测育龄妇女宫颈分泌物中ＣＴ的阳性率为１４．８％，扩增的灵敏度为０．１ｆｇ／μｌ，划性为１００％。结论：ＰＣＲ技术检测ＣＴ感染快、简便、特异性强、灵敏度高。     

加替沙星治疗淋病合并沙眼衣原体、解脲支原体感染的临床观察

目的：评价加替沙星治疗单纯性淋病合并沙眼衣原体和（或）解脲支原体感染的疗效与安全性。方法：病例总数72例,随机分为加替沙星组和对照组。加替沙星组35例,加替沙星片400mg,口服,每日1次,疗程10d;对照组37例,头孢曲松250mg,一次肌注,多西环素100mg,口服,一日2次。疗程10d。结果：加替沙星组和对照组临床有效率分别为91．4％、91．9％,临床痊愈率分别为85．7％、83．8％;淋球菌（NG）清除率分别为100％、97．3％,沙眼衣原体（CT）阴转率分别为94．1％、88．9％,解脲支原体（UU）清除率分别为84．6％、82．1％,差异均无显著性意义（P〉0．05）;不良反应发生率分别为5．7l％、24．32％（P〈0．05）,差异有显著性意义。结论：加替沙星治疗单纯性淋病合并沙眼衣原体和（或）解脲支原体感染与常规治疗方案相比,疗效相近,安全性和耐受性良好。     

异位妊娠与解脲脲原体及沙眼衣原体感染的关系

目的 :探讨异位妊娠与解脲脲原体 ( U U)及沙眼衣原体 ( CT)感染的关系。方法 :分别采用培养法及单克隆抗体法检测 46例异位妊娠患者宫颈分泌物中的解脲脲原体及沙眼衣原体 ,同时取同期体检的病例 43例作对照。结果 :异位妊娠组宫颈分泌物 UU阳性率 41.3% ,CT阳性率 15 .2 % ,明显高于对照组 UU阳性率 18.6 % ,CT阳性率 2 .3% ( P<0 .0 5〉。结论 :异位妊娠与生殖道 U U及 CT感染有关。     

应用快速斑点免疫结合试验检测泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体

目的：泌尿生殖道标本的沙眼衣原体检测。方法：采用新型免疫层析技术，以特异性沙眼衣原体单克隆抗体的快速定性检测方法，对178例性病门诊患者泌尿生殖道标本的沙眼衣原体检测。结果：总CT检出率10．1％(18／178)，男性CT检出率8．1％(3／37)，女性CT检出率10，6％(15／141)。结论：提示泌尿生殖道的CT感染在本地区存在，且构成流行，应引起高度重视，并建议将CT检测作为性传播疾病(STD)常规检查项目。     

宫颈HPV感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性

为了研究湘西地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性,为宫颈癌的早期预防提供科学参考,选取692例湘西籍患者为研究对象,所有患者均行宫颈HPV检测,以其中HPV检查结果阳性的234例患者作为观察组,阴性的234例患者作为对照组,均在阴道镜监视下进行宫颈多点活检及宫颈管搔刮病理学检查,病理检测结果分为癌前病变（CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ）、宫颈癌、慢性宫颈炎.结果显示：湘西地区女性中HPV感染以HPV16（25.64%）类型最多,其余依次为HPV52,HPV51,HPV58,HPV18,HPV53为常见;CIN的加重程度随HPV感染率升高,CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ两两比较差异具有统计意义;HPV阳性率为33.81%,HR-HPV（+）31.74%,其中单一感染HR-HPV（+）21.97%,双重或多重感染11.99%,LR-HPV（+）感染1.88%.说明在宫颈癌的筛查中高危HPV检查具有临床价值,多途径切断高危HPV感染对本地区妇女宫颈癌的一级预防具有重要意义.     

痰和咽拭子PCR及血清学联合检测肺炎衣原体急性呼吸道感染

了解成人呼吸道感染患者急性肺炎衣原体感染的发病情况。呼吸道感染患者１１０例,同时采集痰和咽拭子标本,应用聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）检测肺炎衣原体ＤＮＡ及采静脉血检测肺炎衣原体抗体。本组患者１７例（１６％）有肺炎衣原体近期感染的急性抗体,１２例（１１％）痰和（或）咽拭子肺炎衣原体ＰＣＲ检测阳性,联合应用两种方法的阳性率为２３％（２５／１１０例）。肺炎衣原体急性感染以哮喘急性发作、肺炎、ＣＯＰＤ急性加重和急性支气管炎患者多见（分别为５７％、３５％、２６％和２５％）,其临床表现无特征性。本组成人呼吸道感染患者肺炎衣原体急性感染的发病率较高,提示肺炎衣原体是呼吸道感染的重要致病原。     

宫颈HPV感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性

为了研究湘西地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与宫颈瘤样病变的相关性,为宫颈癌的早期预防提供科学参考,选取692例湘西籍患者为研究对象,所有患者均行宫颈HPV检测,以其中HPV检查结果阳性的234例患者作为观察组,阴性的234例患者作为对照组,均在阴道镜监视下进行宫颈多点活检及宫颈管搔刮病理学检查,病理检测结果分为癌前病变（CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ）、宫颈癌、慢性宫颈炎.结果显示：湘西地区女性中HPV感染以HPV16（25.64%）类型最多,其余依次为HPV52,HPV51,HPV58,HPV18,HPV53为常见;CIN的加重程度随HPV感染率升高,CINⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ两两比较差异具有统计意义;HPV阳性率为33.81%,HR-HPV（+）31.74%,其中单一感染HR-HPV（+）21.97%,双重或多重感染11.99%,LR-HPV（+）感染1.88%.说明在宫颈癌的筛查中高危HPV检查具有临床价值,多途径切断高危HPV感染对本地区妇女宫颈癌的一级预防具有重要意义.     

人乳头瘤病毒基因分型检测在宫颈癌早期筛查中的应用

目的探讨女性生殖道感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因检测与颈癌前病变的关系。方法采用HPV分型基因检测系统对妇科门诊就诊的妇女进行宫颈细胞HPV DNA检测（同时检测5种低危型和18种高危型HPV亚型）。结果827例标本中共检出HPV阳性210例（25．4％）,共检出20种HPV亚型,其中单纯低危型HPV亚型感染45例（5．4％）,单纯高危型HPV亚型感染142例（17．2％）,高危、低危亚型共同感染13例（1．6％）;检出感染单一HPV亚型187例（22．6％）,感染两种亚型以上23例（2．8％）。低危型主要为HPV11,其次为HPV43、6;高危型主要为HPV16、其次为58、31、33、18等亚型。结论女性生殖道HPV感染者较易发生颈癌前病变,提示早期发现及防治HPV感染对预防子宫颈癌的发生具有重要意义。     

人乳头状瘤病毒基因型与宫颈病变的关系

了解莆田地区女性感染人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）基因型分布情况及其与宫颈病变的关系。采用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因分型芯片（HybriMax）和液基薄层细胞学（LCT）技术对345例女性宫颈脱落细胞进行HPV基因分型和细胞学检测;同时用基因序列测定检证HybrMax技术的可靠性;对LCT结果为HSIL及以上细胞学异常的患者161例在阴道镜下行组织病理学活检。结果表明,莆田地区女性患者感染HPV阳性率为40．6％,且HPV基因型具有一定的区域性特点;宫颈病变各组之间高危HPV感染率的差异具有显著性统计学意义（x^2=16．040,P=0．003〈0．01）,且高危型HPV感染与宫颈病变程度呈正相关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to