SA浸种对黄瓜幼苗耐冷性的影响

用２５０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１的ＳＡ溶液对黄瓜种子进行浸泡试验,结果表明：浸种后的黄瓜幼苗的茎粗与株高比明显地高于对照,幼苗生长健壮;而且当幼苗经４℃低温胁迫７２ｈ后,叶片内细胞膜透性降低,ＣＡＴ活性降幅减少,耐冷性增强。     

低温胁迫下嫁接对西瓜光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数影响的研究

研究了低温胁迫下自根及二种嫁接幼苗叶片光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明，耐冷性强的黑籽南瓜/小兰嫁接植株叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度降幅最小，耐冷性弱的自根苗降幅最高，耐冷性较强的超丰F1/小兰表现中等；自根及二种嫁接苗叶片Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ值均降低，说明PSII原初光能转换效率受到抑制及光合机构遭到破坏；耐冷性弱的自根西瓜幼苗受抑制和破坏程度显著高于耐冷性强的嫁接苗黑籽南瓜/小兰和超丰F1/小兰；自根苗光化学猝灭系数和非光化学猝灭系数降幅高于二种嫁接苗。以上说明低温下耐冷性强的嫁接苗抵御低温对光合机构伤害的能力及碳同化能力高于自根苗。     

5-azaC处理对低温弱光胁迫下黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响

为了研究5-azaC处理与植物耐冷性机理之间的关系,本实验以黄瓜幼苗为试材,研究了不同浓度5-azaC处理对低温弱光(10℃/6℃,300(μmol/m~2)/s)胁迫下黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,喷施500~800μmol/L的5-azaC处理可以显著降低幼苗叶片内MDA含量(P0.05),在低温24 h时分别降低了19.45%、19.83%,低温48 h时分别降低了12.19%、16.20%;提高SOD、CAT、APX和GR抗氧化酶活性,有效降低了黄瓜幼苗在低温弱光胁迫下活性氧(H_2O_2和O_2~-)的产生和积累;但随着浓度的升高,1000~5000μmol/L的5-azaC处理导致黄瓜叶片膜脂过氧化产生,使抗氧化酶活性显著降低,导致植物产生氧化损伤。     

不同产地麻疯树的抗冷性研究

对三个不同产地的麻疯树用8℃的低温胁迫处理,以研究麻疯树的抗冷性.结果表明低温胁迫对麻疯树造成明显伤害,使麻疯树幼苗叶绿素含量减少,根系活力降低,生物膜的通透性增大.但各产地的麻疯树受冷伤害的程度不同,说明其抗冷性不同.三个产地的麻疯树幼苗的抗冷性永胜的最强,攀枝花的次之,红河的最弱.     

水稻生育前期游离脯氨酸的低温效应

本文研究了水稻生育前期,不同品种、不同器官在低温处理下游离脯氨酸的含量变化。所得结果表明:在芽期和一叶期,不同品种、不同器官低温处理后的游离脯氨酸含量趋于增加,且增加的幅度在抗冷性不同的品种间有所不同,抗冷性强的品种其增加幅度大于抗冷性弱的品种,地上部分脯氨酸积累效应大于地下部分、即地上部分的脯氨酸代谢对低温更为敏感,在三叶期和分蘖期,低温处理后的游离脯氨酸含量趋于减少,减少的幅度同样具有品种间差异,即抗冷性强的品种减少的幅度大于抗冷性弱的品种,根与叶同时存在减少的趋势.因而可以认为水稻生育前期的不同阶段是以不同的代谢机制适应和抵抗低温胁迫的。其转折点在一叶期到二叶期的过渡时候。     

两种耐寒性不同的小麦低温处理后ATPase同工酶的变化

正常温度条件下（２５±１℃）培养的冬小麦京农Ｓ５１００、临远７０６９和春小麦津春４号、津春９号幼苗叶片内均显示出６条ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶谱带，芽鞘内则为９－１０条，表明ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶不能反映出两种类型小麦在耐寒性上的差异。１－４℃低温处理１－４周后，冬小麦和春小麦幼苗叶片及芽鞘内ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶谱均有所减少，叶片中由６条减至１条（ＡＴＰａｓｅ５），芽鞘由９－１０条减至２条（ＡＴＰａｓｅ６，ＡＴＰａｓｅ７），将１－４℃低温处理１－４周后的小麦幼苗转入正常条件下再培养１周，使其幼苗生长恢复正常，检测叶片及芽鞘内的ＡＴＰａｓｅ同工酶，发现各自均基本恢复到低温处理前的水平。     

不同南瓜品种嫁接黄瓜耐冷性指标的研究

对 9个南瓜品种与黄瓜嫁接后幼苗的生理生化指标进行了试验研究。结果表明 :嫁接苗的POD、SOD活性提高 ,嫁接使黄瓜抵抗低温能力增强。初步认为日本杂种南瓜、6 7号、长媳为耐冷性较好的黄瓜砧木     

黄瓜幼苗温度胁迫及其抗性测定研究

本试验采取温度胁迫手段及电导百分率法测定黄瓜抗性。研究结果表明:(1)黄瓜幼苗的苗龄对其抗性(抗热性、抗寒性)有极显著影响,而品种影响不显著。(2)环境因素对黄瓜的抗性影响远比品种遗传性和环境工作作用大的多。(3)胚芽低温锻炼能在短期内提高其抗性,其中对抗寒性的影响要比抗热性深刻一些(持续时间略长);幼苗低温锻炼能增强其抗寒性,但对抗热性影响不大。(4)-2.5℃处理15分min与处理12h小时之间有极显著的相关。可用前者替代后者减少测定时间。(5)黄瓜品种存在有不同程度的“滞后现象”,这是造成不同时期抗性变幅不同的原因之一。     

四个水稻品种幼苗耐冷力比较

4个水稻品种的7d龄幼苗经过室内低温培养箱(温度0℃，光照)处理2d后，结果表明：琼农占4号、奇源占对冷胁迫反应敏感，表现在根系电解质泄漏显著增加、叶绿素含量和幼苗存活率下降。Ⅱ优128、广优4号的根系电解质泄漏和叶绿素含量变化少，幼苗成活率高，结果说明Ⅱ优128、广优4号的耐冷性较前两者强。此鉴定方法可靠可行、方便、快捷，可用于水稻品种抗冷性的鉴定。     

不同早籼稻品种幼苗期的耐冷生理鉴定

为了解4个早籼稻品种幼苗期耐冷性的生理特点,在人工气候箱内经26℃(对照)、12℃、10℃和6℃处理4 d后,测定分析水稻幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、抗坏血酸(AsA)含量、可溶性蛋白质含量及电解质渗漏率6个生理指标的变化及其与抗冷性的关系.结果表明,在相同低温胁迫条件下,株两优120和金优L2两个早籼稻品种幼苗期POD活性、CAT活性、AsA含量及可溶性蛋白质含量均高于准两优143和湘早籼45号,而MDA含量及电解质渗漏率均低于准两优143和湘早籼45号.上述结果说明两系法杂交稻株两优120的耐冷性最强,三系杂交水稻金优L2次之,两系法杂交稻准两优143和常规水稻湘早籼45号耐冷性稍差.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the