Ant-Q算法在矩形件优化排料中的应用

矩形件优化排料问题是一类具有NP完全难度的组合优化问题,该优化问题可用与或树描述,即把矩形件优化排料问题变换为寻找一棵面积比率最大的二叉树问题.使用Ant-Q算法能够有效实现这种树搜索,从而求得矩形件优化排料问题的优化解.     

求解矩形件优化排料蚁群算法

介绍了一种使用蚁群算法求解矩形件优化排料问题的新方法。矩形件优化排料问题可以用与或树来描述，这样有关的优化问题就变成寻找一棵面积比率最大的二叉树，用蚁群算法实现这种树搜索，是把一定数量的蚂蚁分布在与或树的根节点，蚂蚁间通过使用信息素相互交流，完成从与或树到二叉树的选择，从而得到矩形件优化排料问题的优化解。     

基于非等值初始量蚁群算法的矩形优化排料

为提高矩形排料的板材利用率并节约求解时间,提出了非等值初始量蚁群算法,并应用于矩形优化排料问题。在蚁群算法初始信息素量赋值过程中引入矩形面积和长宽比因素以增大各矩形初始信息素的差别,加快算法收敛速度;同时对传统蚁群算法的信息素更新规则作适当改变,以便于信息素快速更新,缩短求解时间。采用改进的最低水平线法作为排料方法,能充分利用已产生的闲置区域,减少板材浪费。对比实验的结果表明,与传统蚁群算法和其他几种典型算法相比,本文算法能进一步提高板材利用率,且求解时间较短。     

融合蚁群算法和遗传算法的矩形件排样问题研究

提出融合蚁群算法和遗传算法来求解矩形件排样问题.考虑到蚁群算法和遗传算法各自的优缺点,该融合算法前阶段采用遗传算法获得排样问题的部分优化解,把它作为蚁群算法的初始信息素分布,后阶段利用蚁群算法求得最优排样序列,最后求得最优排样图.计算实例表明:与单一遗传算法相比较,该融合算法可达到更好的排样效果.     

计算机辅助板材排料系统的研究

分析了板材排料问题的实质，提出了一种板材排料的算法，并在此基础上开发出计算机辅助板材排料系统的软件。结果表明，该系统软件能很好地解决板材排料中矩形件板材的利用率、排料速度和加工工艺等有关问题。     

广义分配问题的一种小生境遗传蚁群优化算法

提出一种小生境遗传算法与蚁群优化算法相结合的小生境遗传蚁群优化算法用于求解NP难的广义分配问题,以避免经典求解算法存在的易陷于局部最优的缺陷.以典型的广义分配问题——火力分配为例,对该算法进行实验,并将实验结果与其它算法进行分析比较.结果表明:新复合算法优化效率高,运行时间短,对其它的NP问题同样适用.     

基于Rough集和蚁群算法的属性约简方法

属性约简是个NP难问题,目前已有很多解决方法,但是每种算法由于其自身的局限性,只适用于特定条件下的求解。蚁群算法是较新的仿生优化算法,在解决各类组合优化问题中都取得了很好的效果。提出一种基于Rough集和蚁群算法的属性约简方法,能够克服传统蚁群算法在前期收敛速度慢的问题,并通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于启发式搜索和背包算法的分布式排样系统

针对理论上属于NP完全问题的二维矩形件优化排样问题,构建了一个排样效率高、计算速度快和排样效果好的一种近似算法.并结合计算机网络的大量应用,将算法应用于分布式排样系统.算法的主要思想是采用启发式搜索和背包算法,使每次排样都达到局部最优,从而得到近似最优解.并与其它2种近似算法进行了比较,指出了它们的不足之处,还给出了一个排样实例.     

基于蚁群算法的并行任务分配与调度

蚁群算法是近年出现的一种新启发式算法,在求解NP完全问题中具有较大优势.针对如何在满足任务约束关系的条件下用蚁群算法求解任务分配与调度问题,首先对任务的分配与调度问题建立数学模型,然后在满足子任务之间的约束关系的条件下用蚁群算法求出最优解,最后把用蚁群算法与遗传算法的最优解进行比较.通过仿真实验表明,蚁群算法比遗传算法在任务分配与调度求解中有较高的解的质量,但蚁群算法的求解速度要慢于遗传算法.     

求解MDVRP问题的混合蚊子追踪算法

针对现实生活中应用广泛的多车场车辆路径优化问题,建立相应的数学模型。根据"就近原则"将MDVRP问题分解为VRP问题,再根据约束条件的限制将VRP分解为TSP问题,提出一种蚊子追踪算法对TSP求解,详细介绍了蚊子追踪算法的理论基础和求解模型。仿真结果表明,该算法是有效可行的,并优于遗传算法、禁忌搜索和蚁群算法,且证明了该算法对求解这类NP完全问题有一定的指导意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.