LED光源气溶胶探测雷达光学准直结构优化设计

针对LED光源气溶胶探测光学雷达光能利用率偏低的问题,设计一种新型的雷达结构。它由双自由曲面准直匀光透镜和带有非球面镜的Kepler系统二级准直系统构成。准直透镜和Kepler系统前组单透镜使光聚焦于光阑处,再由带有非球面镜的透镜组准直出射。设计的仿真结果表明:光束发散角控制在3°以内,光能利用率达到43.027%,机械总长为207mm,与现有结构相比,光能利用率提高了12%,结构更为紧凑。     

用于气溶胶探测光学雷达的LED光源的研制

LED作为遥感探测光源具有波长丰富、体积小、价格低等优势。本文针对气溶胶探测光学雷达的应用,研制了一款新的LED光源。设计了LED的脉冲驱动电路,使其发出重复频率为100kHz、脉宽为200ns、单脉冲能量为30nJ的脉冲光束。利用ZEMAX软件建立了全内反射式准直器的仿真模型,并结合开普勒望远镜结构设计了两级准直光路,将光源发散角压缩到5.7mrad~22.9mrad范围内。分析了发散角对雷达几何重叠因子的影响规律,雷达系统的盲区不足3m,仿真结果和初步实验表明,雷达系统的探测距离可达210m。验证了LED光源用于气溶胶探测光学雷达的可行性,适用于城市内的近程气溶胶探测。     

基于自由曲面设计的LED光源系统光束准直研究

为了提高LED灯具效率和照明系统光效,提出了一种对光源光束进行准直设计的自由曲面透镜设计方法。基于LED的朗伯型光强分布特性,采用MATLAB进行全内反射(TIR)透镜自由曲面的数据计算,将获得的样条曲线导入SolidWorks中生成三维TIR结构,最后利用TracePro对TIR透镜进行光线追迹。准直模拟结果表明,光源的能量利用率在90.5%以上,光束的发散半角控制在±1.9°以内,得到了较好的准直效果,实现了较高的能量利用率。     

紫外光通信LED阵列光源的设计

为了解决当前单个紫外LED功率较低的问题,设计了一款紫外LED阵列光源系统,对其中的相关问题进行了探讨。该系统由恒流驱动模块、大功率LED阵列模块和光学设计等组成,实验结果表明,该光源系统能发出均匀稳定的紫外光,实现了空间能量的累加,光学和散热设计效果良好,为实用化紫外光通信光源的设计提供了参考。     

基于电子自准直仪的大口径准直波前检测系统

为测量大口径准直波前的准直性,开发了基于电子自准直仪的准直波前检测系统.介绍了大口径准直波前检测原理及检测装置,分析了主要误差源.采用800 mm口径参考面测量系统误差并进行校准,校准后,该系统的精度从0.91″提高到0.36″.用该系统测量610 mm口径相移干涉仪的准直波前,实验结果表明:该干涉仪的准直波前处于发散状态,最大发散角为24.53″.开发的波前准直检测系统能够满足大口径干涉仪准直波前的检测要求.     

刀具柱面二维条码识读发光二极管照明均匀度仿真分析

为了预测刀具柱面条码图像的光源设计能否达到照明均匀度要求,通过计算机辅助光学照明软件,在实际发光二极管(LED)光源实体模型、发光特性、光强分布分析的基础上建立仿真光源模型,根据实际应用要求进行拓展模型设计.分析了3种关键因素对LED照明均匀度的影响规律,对仿真和实验结果通过拟合曲线进行对比分析,验证了仿真模拟的正确性和指导性.研究结果对刀具柱面二维条码识读时的光学系统设计具有指导意义.     

MAXWELL鱼眼微球透镜准直性能的研究

球对称梯度折射率(Gradientrefractiveindex,GRIN)微球透镜具有体积小、光路短、外形易加工、使用易调整,且无螺旋光线、像差小等优越光学性能[1],在微型光学系统和集成光学中具有诱人的应用前景。本文研究了MAXWELL鱼眼微球透镜对由光纤端部出射的发散光束的会聚作用。计算结果表明,若将该种透镜用于光纤耦合准直器,其准直效果将优于由均匀介质球构成的相应系统。     

基于微元能量映射的汽车LED近光灯透镜设计

针对常用汽车LED投射式照明系统近光灯光能利用率低的问题,根据非成像光学原理,研究了LED近光灯近光配光特性与光源光能量、光学自由曲面透镜参数之间的关系,在此基础上提出基于微元能量映射的LED汽车近光灯自由曲面透镜设计方法.为了验证该方法的可行性,利用切面迭代曲面构型法Rhino软件设计了汽车LED近光灯透镜,运用Tracepro光学软件构建了汽车LED近光灯照明系统,然后对该系统进行了计算机仿真.结果表明,所设计的LED近光灯自由曲面透镜产生的光型不但能满足近光灯法规要求,而且光能利用率较常用的汽车LED近光灯照明系统提高23.5%.     

用于裂隙光源的侧面发光塑料光纤散射点设计

设计一种侧面发光塑料光纤表面正四棱锥形微结构散射点，使侧面发光塑料光纤可用作裂隙灯显微镜的裂隙光源，以减小裂隙光源的体积.采用光学仿真软件分析光纤上表面(有散射点)和光纤下表面(无散射点)的散射率，当塑料光纤直径为1 mm时，得到优化后的正四棱锥散射点的底边宽度和深度均为80μm.仿真结果表明，光纤下表面散射光的光束发散角在垂直于光纤方向约为40°,在平行于光纤方向约为110°,经过焦距为50 mm的投射镜会聚后的光带宽度约为0.3 mm,可以满足裂隙灯显微镜的要求.     

神光-Ⅲ3ω光路自动准直系统设计

介绍了某大型激光器3ω光源自动准直系统的设计与实现,分析了系统的工作原理,阐述了系统的控制算法和软件控制流程。该系统具有开发周期短,可靠性高等优点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.