中国经济增长与能源消费的协整分析

研究能源消费与经济增长之间的均衡关系具有重要的理论意义和实际意义.利用我国1980-2010年的年度数据,采用协整分析和误差修正模型,对我国能源消费和经济增长之间的关系进行了检验;结果表明,在这一时间段内,能源消费与经济增长之间存在协整关系,且经济增长会促进能源的消费.     

山东省能源消费与经济增长关系实证研究

文章通过山东省1980-2009年数据,运用协整与误差修正模型和Granger因果关系分析对其进行实证研究,建立了山东省的能源消费与经济增长关系模型,并对其进行分析。结果显示山东省的能源消费与经济增长之间存在协整关系,并且存在经济增长对能源消费的单向因果关系。     

贵州省能源消费与经济增长关系的实证分析

基于贵州省1985～2010能源消费总量与经济增长数据,运用协整检验、误差修正模型及Granger因果关系分析方法,建立贵州省能源消费与经济增长的关系模型;分析结果表明贵州省能源消费总量与经济增长之间存在协整关系,且两者之间具有单向因果关系.     

河南省经济增长与常规能源消费的协整分析

利用河南省统计年鉴1980-2008年的数据,对河南经济增长与常规能源消费(EC)之间的关系进行实证分析.协整检验表明,河南省GDP和EC之间存在长期协整关系,可以建立长期协整方程和短期误差修正模型;对河南能源长期需求的预测表明,经济增长目标的实现必须有大量的能源为支撑;格兰杰因果检验表明河南能源消费是GDP的格兰杰原因,即河南省能源消费的增加直接导致GDP的增加,但GDP并不是能源消费的格兰杰原因.河南省要实现节能降耗和经济增长的双重目标,政府努力的关键在于转变经济增长方式和调整经济结构.     

基于状态空间模型的中国能源消费与经济增长关系研究

以能源消费为分析主线,建立了中国1978—2010年能源消费与经济增长之间的变参数状态空间模型,并运用Granger因果检验、协整检验、脉冲响应等多种方法,检验能源消费与经济发展之间的动态关系,从而得出中国能源消费与经济增长之间的运行规律及其启示.     

东盟五国能源消费与经济增长关系——基于双模型面板协整检验

基于生产型与需求型双模型,采用面板协整检验和完全修正最小二乘法估计方法,对东盟五国1971—2007年能源消费与国内生产总值之间的关系进行实证分析。结果表明,两个模型所检验因果关系结果基本上一致,即能源消费与经济增长之间在短期和长期都存在单向的格兰杰因果关系。东盟五国每增加一个单位人均能源消费或人均资本存量投资,其人均国内生产总值就相应地分别增加50.1%和38.2%。     

我国煤炭消费和国民经济增长特征及其关系研究

煤炭是我国的主要能源,它对我国经济发展起到了重要作用,研究煤炭消费与经济增长特征及其相互关系,对于发展经济和制定经济可持续发展战略具有重要意义。对我国1957年以来的煤炭消费和经济发展数据进行了统计与分析,应用协整和格兰杰(Granger)因果关系分析方法,对煤炭消费与经济增长两个变量进行了分析与研究。结果表明,煤炭消费在能源消费中占70%以上,煤炭消费增长率达6.0%,这些都高于世界平均水平,并且煤炭消费主要为工业;改革开放以来国内生产总值增长率平均为9.9%,与煤炭消费增长基本同步。煤炭消费与经济增长之间存在着长期的均衡关系和协整性,并且煤炭消费是经济增长的格兰杰原因。这就说明要保持我国经济的持续增长,就要有煤炭能源的保障,并且提出了相应的政策建议。     

碳排放、能源消费与经济增长的实证研究

从经济增长与资源环境的关系入手,构建经济增长、能源消费和碳排放的向量自回归模型（VAR）,运用脉冲响应函数研究三个变量之间的相互关系,并分别建立能源消费和二氧化碳排放为自变量的协整方程,结果表明: 经济增长与能源消费和碳排放具有长期的协整关系,经济增长每提高1%,能源消费增长增加0.240%,同时导致二氧化碳排放增加0.295%。这说明我国的高速经济增长过程中,付出了较大的资源环境自然代价。     

中国能源消费与经济增长关系的因果分析

文章从生产函数理论的新视角,利用多变量的协整检验和基于向量误差修正模型(VECM)的因果关系检验,实证分析了中国能源消费与经济增长之间的关系;结果表明,短期内中国能源消费与GDP增长之间不存在因果关系,长期内存在GDP到能源消费的单向因果关系;这一推断有重要的政策涵义,即节能政策在中国是可行的,在长期内不会影响经济的发展。     

内蒙古能源消费、环境污染与经济增长的关系研究——基于3E模型

选取内蒙古自治区1995年至2010年的GDP数据、污染物排放量以及能源消费总量作为研究样本,通过建立3E模型、运用向量自回归模型（VAR）、进行单位根检验、协整检验、脉冲分析和方法分解研究经济增长、环境污染和能源消费的关系。结果表明,三者存在协整关系,且经济增长是影响我区能源消费、环境污染重要原因,工业废气排放量对经济增长存在着反作用力,能源消费的增加将促进经济的增长。除此之外,经济增长指标对解释环境污染和能源消费指标排放的预测方差分解的贡献度较高,但环境污染指标和能源消费对经济增长指标的预测方差的解释贡献度较小。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to