SIR20型地质雷达在城市埋地管网探测中的应用

地质雷达在城市地下管道的探测工作中得到了广泛应用,取得了较好的效果。本文在实际城市地下管网探测的工作中应用SIR20型地质雷达,对管道埋深、管道材质和管道大小进行探测分析。将分析判断的结果与实际管道参数对比发现,SIR20型地质雷达的探测结果是基本可靠的。对于提高地质雷达的判断结果,本文也给予了一定的分析。     

探地雷达技术在地下管道探测中的应用

介绍了应用探地雷达探测地下管道的原理及技术,阐述了该技术的基本方法及其数据图像处理过程.通过长沙市某处下水管探测应用,表明该技术对管道探测是可行的,且探测效果良好,其测量误差在10%之内.图2,参3.     

应用探地雷达的地下管道探测实例研究

该文作者通过多年实际应用加拿大EKKO100型探地雷达,对其应用于地下管道探测的效果进行了有益的探索与分析。区别于其他物探手段,天线的数字化功能、光缆传输、实时显示图像、设备便携、无损探测及剖面连续等是探地雷达的技术优势。论文首先分析了探地雷达进行地下管道探测的可行性,进而列举了3个具体的探测实例,相信对从事相关工作的同行能有所裨益。     

压制干扰条件下雷达探测区域研究

在研究雷达天线方向图模型的基础上,推导出无干扰、SSJ(self screening jamming,自卫式干扰)、单SOJ(stand-off jammer,远距离支援干扰)、多SOJ情况下常规雷达、频率捷变雷达的最大探测距离计算公式,针对不同情况给出不同的计算机仿真方法,可有效地对雷达在干扰条件下进行效能评估.利用该方法对多种情况下的雷达探测区域进行仿真,得到雷达探测区域分布图和盲区系数,对仿真结果进行分析,得到如下结论:SSJ条件下雷达探测区域减小严重,基本无法正常探测,但形状规则;SOJ条件下雷达探测区域不规则,在干扰方向上探测距离减小显著,在其他方向上仍可达到较大的探测距离,频率捷变雷达可有效对抗压制性干扰.由多干扰条件下雷达探测区域的研究和仿真可见,干扰布局不同盲区系数差别明显.     

多普勒天气雷达对雾的探测能力研究

根据2006年江苏省气象局多普勒天气雷达探测到的雾天回波资料,利用雷达二次产品平台处理获得的强度、速度、谱宽等产品,分析雾的回波基本特征以及雷达性能参数对探测雾回波的影响,研究天气雷达对雾的探测能力,为天气雷达对雾的探测提供了新信息.     

基于捷联惯导的蛇形管道机器人定位算法

为解决蛇形管道探测机器人因处于地下管道,难以定位的问题,本文基于牛顿第二定律为蛇形管道探测机器人设计了一种高精度的捷联式惯性导航定位系统（Strap-down Inertial Navigation System SINS）。本系统搭载九轴惯性测量器件（IMU）对蛇形机器人的加速度及角速率信息进行测量,融合卡尔曼滤波算法对定位系统进行误差补偿,采用四元数法构造捷联式惯性导航系统姿态矩阵进行姿态更新,再积分得到速度和位移。利用MATLAB软件根据上述算法对机器人的速度、位移进行分析计算,并与机器人真实的速度位移做比较,验证算法的可靠性。实验结果表明,该算法的定位误差最大不超过4.7%,能够为管道探测机器人提供准确地速度和位置信息,具有较高的实用价值和意义。     

概率分析的机载预警雷达探测效能

机载预警雷达探测效能是指其完成预警探测使命的程度,探测效能的高低受雷达作用距离和发现概率的影响。在概率分析的基础上提出了一种度量机载预警雷达探测效能的方法:该方法首先构建了雷达发现概率与最大作用距离间的数学模型;其次对发现概率随作用距离变化曲线逐点归一化,得到发现概率的概率密度函数;对发现概率的概率密度函数积分得到概率分布函数,该函数具有实际物理意义,反映了预警雷达的探测效能,由此将作用距离的远近量化为探测效能的高低,从而得到了预警雷达探测效能随作用距离变化的曲线;最后以美军E-2C和E-3B预警雷达为例,对比分析了2种机载预警雷达对斯威林Ⅰ型和斯威林Ⅱ型起伏目标的探测效能,验证方法的有效性。     

地质雷达在隧道拱架后空腔探测中的应用

介绍了地质雷达的工作原理,地质雷达是一种广泛用于地质探测的高频电磁脉冲波技术,结合江边电站引水隧道实际工程,阐述了地质雷达在拱架后空腔探测中的应用,简述了侧线布置、数据采集、图像处理步骤,并对典型的雷达图像进行分析,证明地质雷达在空腔探测方面能取得了较好效果。     

浮空雷达高精度探测分析

浮空雷达探测精度主要受平台姿态变化引起的定位误差和传感器自身的探测误差影响。文章针对2类误差的影响因素进行了分析,提出了采用宽信号发射波形和高精度定位的方法来降低雷达探测误差,结合高精度船舶自动识别系统(automatic identification system,AIS)信息自动校准进行误差补偿,实现浮空雷达高精度探测。工程实测数据分析表明,该方法取得了较好的效果。     

基于雷达组网的探测概率仿真模型研究

本文从单部雷达的探测概率分析入手,利用空间分割法计算出搜索雷达组网在有无干扰条件下对其搜索区域内目标的探测概率,对于提高雷达组网的作战效能具有一定的参考价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-