海藻Caulerpa sertularioides中的甾醇化合物

报道应用ＧＣ－ＭＳ技术从海藻Ｃａｕｌｅｒｐａ ｓｅｒｔｕｌａｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ中分离鉴定出７种甾醇：胆甾醇，胆甾烷醇，２４－甲基－轩－５，２２－，二烯－３β－醇，２４－甲基－胆甾醇，２４－乙基－胆甾醇，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，７，２２－三烯－３β－醇，２４－乙基－胆甾－５，２３－二烯－３β－醇，３种甾酮：２４－乙基－胆甾－４－烯－３－酮，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，７－二烯－３－酮，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，２２     

海绵Phyllospongia sp.化学成分的研究（Ⅱ）

运用波谱及ＧＣ－ＭＳ等方法从海绵中分离鉴定出十四酸，十六酸，２４－甲基胆甾醇，胆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５，２２－二烯－３β－醇，胆甾３，５，－二烯－７－科角甾－５－烯－３β－醇，（２４－Ｓ）－豆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５α－３，６二酮。     

溴素的有机化学——Ⅶ.2，2—双（溴甲基）—1，3—丙二醇和多溴代酚的环状

由2，2－双（羟甲基）－1，3－丙二醇开始，经溴ZA人，磷酰氯化，和酰基化等步骤，合成三种新的2，2－双（溴甲基）－1，3－丙二醇和多溴代酚的环状磷酸酯，即：5，5－双（溴甲基）－1，3－二氧－2－磷酰基－2－（2，4，6－三溴苯氧基）环乙烷；5，5－双（溴甲基）－1，3－二氧－2－磷酰基－2－（2，3，4，5，6－五溴苯氧基）环乙烷；双[5，5－双（溴甲基）－1，3－二氧－2－磷酰基]－2－（2，3，5，6－四溴苯氧基）环乙烷。通过对产物元素分析，IR和质子NMR测定，对其结构进行了鉴定。     

4-苯基-4-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-3-丁烯-2-酮及其衍生物的合成

4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－酮可由3－溴－4－氯－4－苯基－2－丁酮在碱性条件下与1，2，4－三唑反应以71．4％的产率制得。其反应机理由实验和质谱证明是一个先消除氯化氢的三步反应过程，制备出了其衍生物4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－醇和和4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－2－甲氧基－3－丁烯。测试结果表明，这些化合物具有较好的杀菌活性。     

3[3‘（4“—吡啶基）—4’—苯基—1,2,4,—三唑—5‘—硫亚甲基]—…

在氢氧化钾中，处理３（４＇－吡啶基）－４－苯基－１，２，４－三唑－５－硫乙酰肼６和二硫化碳，接着肼解得到３［３＇（４＂－吡啶基）－４＇苯基－１，２，４－三唑－５＇－硫亚甲基］－４－氨基－１，２，４－三唑－５－硫醇，同时还制备了另一个化合物２［３＇（４＂－吡啶基）－４＇－苯基－１，２，４－三唑－５＇－硫亚甲基］－１，３，４－恶二唑－５－硫醇。文中还讨论了不同化合物生成的机制。     

乙酸［α－烷基－β－（2，2，3－三甲基－3－环戊烯基）乙基］酯的合成

以α－蒎烯为原料，经环氧化等一系列反应，将α－烷基－β－（２，２，３－三甲基－３－环戊烯基）乙醇酯化得到乙酸［α－烷基－β－（２，２，３－三甲基－３－环戊烯基）乙基］酯（烷基为Ｍｅ，Ｅｔ，ｎ－ｐｒ，ｉ－Ｐｒ，ｎ－Ｂｕ，ｉ－Ｂｕ，ｓ－Ｂｕ，ｎ－Ａｍ，ｉ－Ａｍ）共９个新化合物，通过波谱及色谱确定了它们的结构及含量。     

海绵Phylospongia sp.化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

运用波谱及ＧＣ—ＭＳ等方法从海绵中分离鉴定出十四酸，十六酸，２４－甲基胆甾醇，胆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５，２２－二烯－３β－醇，胆甾－３，５－二烯－７－酮，麦角甾－５－烯－３β－醇，（２４－Ｓ）－豆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５α－３，６－二酮     

铜的四氮杂环十四烷二烯配合物的溶剂配位行为

本文测定了Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）的三个四氮杂环十四烷二烯配合物ＣｕＬ１Ｂｒ２．２Ｈ２Ｏ，ＣｕＬ２Ｂｒ２．２Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣｕＬ３．Ｂｒ２．２Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｌ１代表５，４－二甲基－７，１２－二苯基－－１，４，８，１１－四氮杂环十四烷－４，１４－二烯；Ｌ２代表５，１４－二甲基－７，１２－二对氯苯基－１，４，８，１１－四氮杂环十四烷－４，１４－二烯；Ｌ３代表５，１４－二甲基－７，１２＝－二甲氧苯基－１，４，８，１１－四氮杂环十     

a—炔醇的合成及性质

报道了在低温条件下，以邻二酮和a－环烯酮为原料与炔钠反应，合成了2，3，4，5－四甲基－1－乙炔基－2－烯－环戊醇、1，2－二苯基－2－羟基－3－丁炔－1－酮、3，4－二苯基－1，5－已二炔－3，4－二醇和3，4－二苯基－3－环戊烯－1－酮4种化合物。通过元素分析、^1HNMR和IR等手段对3种新的a－炔醇及一种双键迁移产物的结构进行了 表征，并对双键迁移反应机理及性质进行了研究。     

1,1‘—联—2—萘酚双醚的合成

报导在ＫＦ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３存在下，１，１’－联－２－萘酚与一元卤代烷，溴乙酸乙酯的反应得到Ｏ－双取代１，１‘－联－２－萘酚双醚和１，１’－联萘－２－，２‘－双氧乙酸乙酯。后进一步氨解或水解以高产率制得相应的１，１’－联萘－２，２‘－双氧乙酰胺和１，１，’－联萘－２，２‘－双氧乙酸。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.