导电材料在膜分离领域中的应用

 膜分离技术是20 世纪60 年代迅速崛起的一门分离新技术。导电材料多应用于特殊分离,但现在开始应用于传统分离中。导电聚合物的发现,使导电材料在制备分离膜方面获得迅速发展。导电聚合物复合膜具有导电聚合物的特性,又具有绝缘聚合物膜的柔韧性及易加工性。本文综述导电材料制备分离膜的方法、分离膜性能的改进及应用的研究进展。     

有机无机复合温差电材料的无机掺杂剂

有机导电高分子因其低的热导率在温差电方面受到广泛的关注,但低电导率限制了其发展.掺杂无机半导体或CNT等纳米材料可有效改善有机导电高分子的热电性能.以PEDOT/PSS有机高分子为代表介绍有机无机复合温差电材料的无机掺杂剂的最新进展,并展望有机无机复合温差电材料未来的发展与应用.     

导电高分子在光电材料领域中的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外导电高分子材料在光电材料领域中研究进展情况．论述了聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚噻吩、聚对苯乙烯撑(PPV)及其衍生物等导电高分子材料作为非线性光学材料所具有的优良性能，介绍了导电高分子电致发光材料和发光材料在实际领域中的应用．     

导电聚合物聚苯胺的研究进展

聚苯胺是一种典型的导电聚合物,因其具有多样化的结构,较高的电导率,独特的掺杂机制,优异的物理性能,良好的环境稳定性,且原料廉价易得,合成方法简便等优点,而成为最具有应用前景的导电高分子材料之一.较全面地介绍了聚苯胺(PAn)的合成方法、性质及其应用.     

Self-organization of supramolecular helical dendrimers into complex electronic materials

The discovery of electrically conducting organic crystals and polymers has widened the range of potential optoelectronic materials, provided these exhibit sufficiently high charge carrier mobilities and are easy to make and process. Organic single crystals have high charge carrier mobilities but are usually impractical, whereas polymers have good processability but low mobilities. Liquid crystals exhibit mobilities approaching those of single crystals and are suitable for applications, but demanding fabrication and processing methods limit their use. Here we show that the self-assembly of fluorinated tapered dendrons can drive the formation of supramolecular liquid crystals with promising optoelectronic properties from a wide range of organic materials. We find that attaching conducting organic donor or acceptor groups to the apex of the dendrons leads to supramolecular nanometre-scale columns that contain in their cores pi-stacks of donors, acceptors or donor-acceptor complexes exhibiting high charge carrier mobilities. When we use functionalized dendrons and amorphous polymers carrying compatible side groups, these co-assemble so that the polymer is incorporated in the centre of the columns through donor-acceptor interactions and exhibits enhanced charge carrier mobilities. We anticipate that this simple and versatile strategy for producing conductive pi-stacks of aromatic groups, surrounded by helical dendrons, will lead to a new class of supramolecular materials suitable for electronic and optoelectronic applications.     

聚噻吩类导电聚合物修饰电极在分析化学中的应用研究进展

由于聚噻吩类导电聚合物具有诸多优点，其制务和应用已经引起人们的广泛关注，应用领域主要是电子元器件、流动体系、电分析化学等方面．本文拟就聚噻吩类导电聚合物修饰电极在分析化学中的应用研究进展做一简单评述，以便于广大分析工作者对其有更多的了解．     

木质素基丙烯酸系吸水性树脂研究进展

吸水性树脂是一种功能高分子材料,它具有很强的吸水性能。它由低分子物质经聚合合成的高聚物或者由高聚物经化学反应所制成。20世纪70年代后期以来,它的开发取得了巨大进展,在工业、农林业、医疗卫生、日常生活等领域得到广泛应用。本文总结高吸水性树脂的发展历史,应用领域、分类,分析目前高吸水性树脂的研究与开发中存在的问题,阐明木质素基吸水性树脂的研究意义。     

Micro- and nano-structured conducting polymeric materials

Conducting polymeric materials with micro-/nano-structures have potential applications in fabrication of various optical, electronic, sensing and electrochemical devices. This Is mainly because these materials not only possess the characteristics of conducting polymers, but also have special functions based on their micro-or nano-structures. In this review, we summarize the recent work on “soft” and conducting polymers and open up the prospects of the main trends in this field.     

Ionic conductivity in crystalline polymer electrolytes

Polymer electrolytes are the subject of intensive study, in part because of their potential use as the electrolyte in all-solid-state rechargeable lithium batteries. These materials are formed by dissolving a salt (for example LiI) in a solid host polymer such as poly(ethylene oxide) (refs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and may be prepared as both crystalline and amorphous phases. Conductivity in polymer electrolytes has long been viewed as confined to the amorphous phase above the glass transition temperature, Tg, where polymer chain motion creates a dynamic, disordered environment that plays a critical role in facilitating ion transport. Here we show that, in contrast to this prevailing view, ionic conductivity in the static, ordered environment of the crystalline phase can be greater than that in the equivalent amorphous material above Tg. Moreover, we demonstrate that ion transport in crystalline polymer electrolytes can be dominated by the cations, whereas both ions are generally mobile in the amorphous phase. Restriction of mobility to the lithium cation is advantageous for battery applications. The realization that order can promote ion transport in polymers is interesting in the context of electronically conducting polymers, where crystallinity favours electron transport.     

高掺杂导电聚合物的输运模型

导电聚合物材料具有准一维链状结构,在高掺杂区域可视为若干金属岛组成,电子在金属岛上自由运动。我们在混合布洛赫——瓦尼尔表象给出了电声子互作用哈密顿,认为电子通过吸收或放出声子实现到邻近链上金属岛的跳跃。链间跳跃是平行和垂直链方向共同的电导机制。应用线性响应理论,我们计算了输运系数,可以定性地解释材料温差电势率随温度变化的金属性和电导率随温度变化的半导体性.     

神奇材料与2000年诺贝尔化学奖

讨论了神奇材料——导电聚合物又称“合成金属”的发现与 2 0 0 0年诺贝尔化学奖的关系 ,介绍了导电聚合物的广泛应用及其前景 ,说明了这一伟大发明是科学家通力合作研究的结晶 ,对美国科学家艾伦·黑格 (Alan Jay Heeger,1 936 -) ,艾伦·马克迪尔米德 (Alan Graham Mac Diarmid,1 92 7-)和日本科学家白川英树 (Shirakawa Hideki,1 936 -)授予 2 0 0 0年诺贝尔化学奖 ,也是对从事导电聚合物研究领域内所有科学家研究成果的肯定与认可 ,这一领域将是未来十分活跃的新材料研究领域     

制造太空缆的高强度聚合物材料

介绍了碳纳米管和现有的几种高强度聚合物材料的性能及碳纳米管的功能化.功能化的碳纳米管,尤其是以高强度聚合物接枝的碳纳米管,即“聚合物枝化碳纳米管”可能是今后超高强度材料的主要组分,是制备太空缆索的希望.     

Preparation and Properties of Cellutose-Alginic Acid Interpolymeric Complex Films

1 Introduction General synthetic polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene etc. have been produced and used in large quantities. They are very cheap, but their wastes are difficult to decompose in nature so to cause environmental pollution .In order to overcome such disadvantage, various kinds of biodegradable synthetic polymers such as polyactic acid, aliphatic polyester, polyvinyl alcohol complexes etc. have been researched~([1]). However, they are expensive, so cannot b…     

Thiol-yne click polymerization

The research on using thiol-ene click reaction to synthesize sulfur-containing polymers with topological structures and advanced functional properties is a hot topic. However, the application of the thiol-yne reaction in the functional polymer preparation is limited and the thiol-yne click polymerization is to be further developed. In this review, we summarized recent research efforts on using thiol-yne click polymerization to synthesize polymers with topological structures. The sulfur-containing polymers were facilely prepared by photo-and thermo-initiated, amine-mediated, and transition-metal-catalyzed thiol-yne click polymerizations. These polymers are promising to be used as drug-delivery vehicles, high refractive index optical materials, photovoltaic materials, and biomaterials etc.     

Progress in photonic and optoelectronic active polymers and organic solids

The progress of the researches in photonic and optoelectronic active polymers and organic solids in recent two decades is reviewed with particular attention to the excellent achievements of Chinese scientists. The recent progress in the areas of conducting polymers, organic light-emitting diodes, photoelectric conversion material, material for information storage, and nonlinear optical polymers is introduced. The peculiarities of organic photonic and optoelectronic active materials are briefly compared with those of inorganic photonic and optoelectronic materials.     

不饱和聚酯树脂固相磺化制备高分子导电材料

研究了用不饱和聚酯树脂磺化制备离子型导电高分子材料的方法，比较了磺化时间、磺化深度与单位重量导电率的关系，介绍了此种高分子材料在成型及磺化过程的特点．     

高性能高分子材料：从基础走向应用

 自20世纪初提出高分子的概念以来,高分子材料越来越多地走进人们的生活,成为材料科学中最具代表性和发展前途的一类材料。高分子材料现已成为现代工业和高新技术产业的重要基石,与材料科学、信息科学、生命科学和环境科学等前瞻领域的交叉与结合,对推动社会进步、改善人们生活质量发挥了重要的作用。本文从通用高分子、生物医用高分子及能源高分子等应用于不用领域的高性能高分子材料出发,简述其发展历程和应用前景,并指出其发展对国民经济水平提高的促进作用。     

配位聚合物材料中的稳定自由基

有机小分子自由基作为新型功能材料可能的构筑基元,与配位聚合物结合可以制备多种具有特殊功能的晶态材料. 利用配位聚合物的理性设计和构筑来调控自由基的活性及性质,有着重要的理论意义和应用价值. 文章首先介绍了多种在配位聚合物中能稳定存在的具有长寿命的自由基物种,包括紫精及类紫精衍生物、芳香酰亚胺类衍生物、氮氧类小分子自由基等. 这些自由基物种以配位聚合物主链骨架、配体侧基或客体的形式稳定在配位聚合物基质中,然后重点讨论了它们在配位聚合物中稳定存在的可能原因,并简要介绍了其在智能窗口、传感器、光热治疗和催化等方面的潜在应用. 最后总结了目前该领域发展的难点和不足,并提出未来的研究方向.      

Carbon nanotube and conducting polymer composites for supercapacitors

Composites of carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers can be prepared via chemical synthesis, electrochemical deposition on preformed carbon nanotube electrodes, or by electrochemical co-deposition. The composites combine the large pseudocapacitance of the conducting polymers with the fast charging/discharging double-layer capacitance and excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotubes. The electrochemically co-deposited composites are the most homogeneous and show an unusual interaction between the polymer and nanotubes, giving rise to a strengthened electron delocalisation and conjugation along the polymer chains. As a result they exhibit excellent electrochemical charge storage properties and fast charge/discharge switching, making them promising electrode materials for high Dower suDercapacitors.     

含咪唑类聚合物的电化学合成及电致变色

本实验通过电化学方法研究合成了一种不同的新型共轭聚合物PM1,相应的单体通过Still偶联反应合成了聚合物单体M1,合成得到的聚合物,具有多色电致变色现象,合成得到的电致变色材料亦被详细的表征.循环伏安法和紫外-可见光谱法被用来揭示聚合物膜的光电性能.