基于分析设计直接法的水下分离器结构总体塑性变形校核

借助欧盟压力容器标准EN13445-3分析设计直接法,研究水下分离器结构总体塑性变形,建立水下分离器数值模型,采用高压试验的方法对数值模型计算精度进行分析。结果表明:建立的水下分离器数值模型计算结果与试验结果平均误差不超过5%,具有较高的计算精度;水下分离器结构整体塑性能够通过校核,且具有一定的安全余量。     

井下旋流油气分离器流场数值模拟

鉴于现有油气分离器效率较低,为改善高含气井中井下多相混抽泵或电潜泵机组效率低下的问题,选择雷诺应力模型作为湍流模型,代数滑移混合模型作为多相流模型,对井下水力旋流油气分离器内的两相流场进行了数值模拟。通过数值计算得到了两相介质等浓度分布图和轴向速度矢量图,并将数值计算结果与同结构的水力旋流油气分离器样机的室内模拟试验结果进行了对比。研究结果表明,数值计算得到的各种图完全符合已知的旋流器流场分布规律。水力旋流器经过结构优化设计不仅可以进行井下油气分离,且分离效果较好,适用于较大流量和高含气率的油井条件。     

井下旋流油气分离器流场数值模拟

鉴于现有油气分离器效率较低,为改善高含气井中井下多相混抽泵或电潜泵机组效率低下的问题,选择雷诺应力模型作为湍流模型,代数滑移混合模型作为多相流模型,对井下水力旋流油气分离器内的两相流场进行了数值模拟.通过数值计算得到了两相介质等浓度分布图和轴向速度矢量图,并将数值计算结果与同结构的水力旋流油气分离器样机的室内模拟试验结果进行了对比.研究结果表明,数值计算得到的各种图完全符合已知的旋流器流场分布规律.水力旋流器经过结构优化设计不仅可以进行井下油气分离,且分离效果较好,适用于较大流量和高含气率的油井条件.     

采场底板岩体裂隙发育深度影响因素敏感性研究

底板突水过程实际上是水压驱动下岩层裂纹萌生、扩展、贯通,直到最后断裂导致失稳破裂的过程。本文通过正交试验法设计了9个计算模型,并对UDEC数值模拟结果进行极差分析,从而得出采场底板岩体裂隙发育深度影响因素的敏感性顺序为：隔水层强度〉原岩应力〉原生裂隙度〉采面长度〉承压水压〉采高。该结果对承压水体上采煤的底板裂隙发育能够...     

救生舱防水承压研究

为提高矿井突水后救生舱综合防护能力,采用理论计算、数值模拟和现场试验相结合的方法,研究防水型救生舱外壳的承水压性能。基于潜艇设计理论,计算环肋圆柱壳承压性能的3个关键应力和2个稳定性临界载荷,得到外壳承压结构的关键因素(即壳板厚度、加强筋间距、加强筋型材)对其应力及稳定性的影响规律,提出一组防水型救生舱外壳设计的最优方案,并通过ANSYS数值模拟和现场试验进行验证。研究结果表明:制造的防水舱能承受水深300 m(3 MPa)静水压力,最大应力为288.6 MPa,最大形变量为3 mm。     

井下气液分离器的数值研究

应用雷诺应力模型,对用于井下气液分离器进行了数值模拟.在数值模拟与室内试验结果的对比分析的基础上确定了井下分离器结构.通过现场试验表明所选用的湍流模型和算法是可行的,这为井下分离器的结构优化设计提供了参考.     

基于PFC~(3D)单轴压缩下含2条裂隙试样力学行为的数值分析

基于离散元数值分析软件PFC3D中的颗粒接触黏结模型,以校核试验数据的方式获得数值模型的细观参数,进一步建立含有2条裂隙的数值计算模型,分别设定岩桥倾角为15°,30°,45°,60°,75°和90°。研究岩桥倾角对裂隙试样的峰值强度、起裂应力、峰值强度时刻轴向应变、弹性模量和破坏模式的影响。研究结果表明:岩桥倾角对含2条裂隙试样弹性模量的变化影响极小,但对峰值强度和起裂应力具有较大影响;随岩桥倾角的变化,裂隙试样单轴抗压强度与起裂应力有相似的变化关系,岩桥倾角影响裂隙试样在峰值应力时的应变。另外,岩桥倾角影响单轴荷载下裂纹的扩展方式,60°岩桥最容易贯通,15°和90°岩桥最难贯通。     

断续节理岩体尺寸效应的数值模拟研究

基于细观统计损伤数值模型,通过统计宏观节理分布,建立包含随机节理的岩体模型。在不同尺寸的模型中,通过改变节理倾角、围压等,建立不同数值试样,试验研究岩体的节理倾角和应力水平对尺寸效应以及岩体力学参数的影响规律。结果表明:在随机节理岩体中,裂纹的萌生与贯通更容易发生在节理密集的薄弱面内,即优势破坏面;节理倾角对岩体的尺寸效应影响巨大,不同倾角下的节理岩体的特征尺寸与特征强度有很大差异,节理倾角β为60°、45°、30°时影响较为明显,β为75°、15°时影响较弱;模型尺寸为0.5 m×0.5 m时极限强度离散较大,随着尺寸的增加逐渐集中,整体的破坏模式由脆性破坏向渐进劣化转变,同时应力-应变曲线更加平缓;围压施加后,节理岩体仍然具有明显的尺寸效应,特征尺寸与特征强度均有所提高,降低主次优势破坏面之间的差异,会使更多裂纹在次优势破坏面中发育。     

油船水下破舱原油泄漏模型试验设计

本试验模型以油船水下破舱油品泄漏过程机理研究为目标.运用流体力学相似准则进行试验模型舱尺寸的确立及实验油品的选择,并在统计以往油船水下破舱原油泄漏事故的基础上进行破孔尺寸和破孔位置的设计.本试验采用液位传感器、压力传感器和高清摄像机组成的测试系统,进行液位和压力实时监测和记录,获得研究模型舱中油品与水运动行为的必要数据.通过对试验数据的初步分析,验证了油船水下破舱油品泄漏模型试验符合基本物理规律,说明试验模型可以实现研究目的.     

轴入式旋风分离器分步湍流模型的 数值模拟与试验

针对轴入式旋风分离器的气相流场,提出了一种基于RNGκ-ε模型和雷诺应力模型的分布湍流模型并进行模拟研究.首先对5种分离器模型的气相流场采用RNGκ-ε模型进行模拟.待气相场趋于稳定时,加入离散颗粒相,对气相改用雷诺应力模型模拟;根据已得到的流场对颗粒相采用随机轨道模型,分析分离器阻力与效率性能.最后将典型模型的模拟结果与试验结果进行比较,二者吻合良好.基于分步湍流模型的数值模拟方法在研究轴入式旋风分离器的气相流场是可靠的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.