玄武岩纤维与抗车辙剂复合改性沥青混合料路用性能研究

为了探索玄武岩纤维和抗车辙剂复合添加对沥青混合料的增强效果,本文通过室内试验研究复合改性沥青混合料的路用性能,并与单掺一种改性剂的沥青混合料进行对比。试验表明与单掺玄武岩纤维沥青混合料相比,复合改性沥青混合料动稳定度提高320%,冻融劈裂强度比提高5%,疲劳破坏寿命提高14.6%;与单掺抗车辙剂的沥青混合料相比,复合改性沥青混合料低温抗弯拉应变提高53%,冻融劈裂强强度比提高8%,疲劳破坏寿命提高31.5%。玄武岩纤维与抗车辙剂复合改性能明显提升善沥青混合料路用性能。     

玄武岩纤维与抗车辙剂复合改性沥青混合料路用性能

为了探索玄武岩纤维和抗车辙剂复合添加对沥青混合料的增强效果,通过室内试验研究复合改性沥青混合料的路用性能,并与单掺一种改性剂的沥青混合料进行对比。试验表明与单掺玄武岩纤维沥青混合料相比,复合改性沥青混合料动稳定度提高320%,冻融劈裂强度比提高5%,疲劳破坏寿命提高14.6%;与单掺抗车辙剂的沥青混合料相比,复合改性沥青混合料低温抗弯拉应变提高53%,冻融劈裂强强度比提高8%,疲劳破坏寿命提高31.5%。玄武岩纤维与抗车辙剂复合改性能明显提升善沥青混合料路用性能。     

冻融循环作用下橡胶颗粒沥青混合料耐久性试验研究

以AC—13连续型密级配为基础,以橡胶颗粒代替部分集料的形式加入到沥青混合料中,制备橡胶颗粒量掺量为1%~3%的橡胶颗粒沥青混合料。在冻融循环条件下测定混合料的空隙率,并进行冻融劈裂试验,研究冻融循环作用下橡胶颗粒沥青混合料的耐久性。试验结果表明:随着冻融循环次数的增加,沥青混合料的劈裂抗拉强度逐步降低,空隙率逐步变大,两者相关性较大;同等条件下,随着橡胶颗粒掺量的增加,沥青混合料的劈裂抗拉强度逐渐降低,空隙率逐渐增大。橡胶颗粒的掺加在一定程度上降低了沥青混合料的劈裂抗拉强度,2%掺量下的橡胶颗粒沥青混合料劈裂抗拉强度比最优。     

RAP掺量对热再生沥青混合料水温耐久性能的影响

采用多重冻融循环模拟水温循环作用,对不同旧料(RAP)掺量的热再生沥青混合料的耐久性能进行试验评价,分别进行了0,1和3次冻融循环后的劈裂试验、动态蠕变试验、半圆弯曲试验和间接拉伸疲劳试验.试验结果表明:利用1次冻融循环后的冻融劈裂强度比评价再生沥青混合料的水稳定性能具有一定的局限性;多重冻融循环作用下,与新沥青混合料相比,再生沥青混合料水稳定性的低温性能、高温性能和疲劳性能都有了较大程度的下降,再生沥青混合料在长期水温循环作用下的耐久性能较差,且RAP掺量越高,耐久性能衰退越明显.     

基于加权灰靶理论的纤维沥青混合料综合性能评价

为了研究纤维沥青混合料的综合性能,对掺加了聚酯纤维、木质素纤维、玄武岩纤维和海泡石纤维等4种纤维的试件进行了车辙试验、低温弯曲试验、冻融劈裂试验以及小梁弯曲疲劳试验.基于动稳定度、低温弯曲应变、冻融劈裂强度比、疲劳寿命和每平方米造价为评价指标,应用加权灰靶模型,对掺加4种纤维沥青混合料的方案进行了多指标评价,优选出基于路用性能和成本效益的最佳方案.结果表明:利用熵权法对传统灰靶模型加以改进,能够有效地解决评价模型中的等权问题,提高了评价的准确性;在同等条件下,玄武岩纤维沥青混合料的路用性能和经济性较好.     

玄武岩纤维在沥青混合料中的作用机理

玄武岩纤维具有较高的强度和弹性模量,与沥青和集料有较好的亲和力,在混合料中分散性好。为分析其在沥青混合料中的作用机理,对玄武岩纤维沥青胶结料进行动态剪切流变（DSR）试验和表观粘度试验,并利用浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验来评价纤维对沥青混合料水稳定性的改善效果,采用动态蠕变试验及车辙试验研究纤维对混合料高温抗剪切性能的提高作用。试验结果表明：在SBS原沥青中加入玄武岩纤维后,纤维胶浆的抗车辙因子值得到显著提高,其表观粘度曲线随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增加呈上升趋势;玄武岩纤维沥青混合料的稳定度和浸水马歇尔稳定度值明显增大,且随着纤维掺量的增加而递增;玄武岩纤维的加入显著提高了动态蠕变试验沥青混合料的流变次数,其对混合料动稳定度有明显的增强作用。     

冻融循环下纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料损伤演化

为了研究季冻区玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料的性能劣化规律,首先,通过沥青黏温曲线分析和直接拉伸性能测试,初步确定纤维长度和掺量,并对比纤维改性前后的环氧沥青混合料(EAC)的路用性能,进一步确定最佳纤维长度和掺量,形成玄武岩纤维增韧型环氧沥青混合料(FEAC)的设计流程。随后,进行低温弯曲试验,测试不同冻融损伤程度沥青混合料的弯拉强度、弯拉应变、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度。研究结果表明：6%(质量分数)玄武岩纤维掺量的FEAC具有较好的高温性能和低温抗裂性,并保持了与EAC相当的水稳定性。随着冻融循环次数的增加,EAC和FEAC的弯拉强度、弯曲劲度模量和弯曲应变能密度逐渐降低,而弯拉应变的变化趋势则与之相反。相较于EAC,FEAC表现出更高的弯拉强度、弯拉应变和较低的弯曲劲度模量。FEAC和EAC的弯曲应变能密度冻融损伤变化均呈现明显的3段式性能下降。S形逻辑函数能够有效地描述冻融循环的损伤变化规律,其中模型参数a、k和x_c显示出玄武岩纤维对延缓环氧沥青混合料冻融损伤增长具有积极作用。     

生活垃圾焚烧炉渣沥青混合料的耐久性能

采用马歇尔试验方法设计掺加不同质量、不同粒径范围生活垃圾焚烧炉渣集料(BAA)的炉渣沥青混合料,分析BAA对马歇尔试验参数及路用性能的影响,并采用冻融循环劈裂试验、老化试验和疲劳试验研究混合料的耐久性能.研究表明:随着BAA质量分数增加,AC-20、SMA-13的设计沥青掺量、稳定度及流值提高,高温稳定性降低,但水稳定性能与低温抗裂性能的变化规律则不同;BAA替代天然集料的质量分数分别为10%的AC-20和10%~15%的SMA-13经3次冻融循环后,其劈裂强度、冻融劈裂强度比均提高,但老化后冻融劈裂强度比降低幅度较高;AC-20中BAA替代天然集料的质量分数为20%、SMA-13中为5%~10%时可降低老化对低温抗裂性能的不利影响,混合料疲劳寿命较高.综合试验结果,AC-20、SMA-13中BAA替代天然集料的质量分数均宜在10%左右.     

橡胶热再生混合料低温性能与细观特征研究

以橡胶沥青再生混合料为研究对象,对冻融前后的小梁试件分别进行低温弯曲试验,研究不同胶粉掺量(6.4%,9.2%和14.1%)、不同胶粉细度(20目,40目和80目)和不同RAP掺量(25%,35%和50%)条件下的橡胶热再生沥青混合料的低温性能.基于工业CT无损检测技术,对冻融前后的橡胶热再生混合料试件分别进行扫描,并定量表征冻融前后试件体积指标的变化.研究结果表明:RAP掺量为25%,胶粉细度为80目,胶粉掺量为9.2%的橡胶热再生沥青混合料冻融后的低温性能下降幅度最小;相较于基质沥青热再生混合料,橡胶沥青热再生沥青混合料具有更好的耐久性及低温性能;通过对比工业CT扫描结果发现,冻融后的橡胶热再生沥青混合料试件闭口空隙率增大了20.3%,且在0~25mm3体积范围内的空隙数量减少了13.8%,在25~50 mm3体积范围内的空隙数量则增加了62.9%.     

冻融循环作用下玄武岩纤维混凝土抗压和抗折性能分析

通过掺加纤维的方法可有效改善混凝土在寒冷或者低温地区的冻害情况.基于此,本文通过控制变量法设计了5组不同冻融循环作用次数和4种玄武岩纤维掺量下的正交试验,并以此探究了不同冻融循环作用和不同玄武岩纤维掺量下混凝土的力学性能.研究结果表明：1)掺加玄武岩纤维可有效提高混凝土抗压强度、抗折强度以及抗冻融性能,且当掺量为2 kg/m³时其强度提高幅度最大;2)随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增加,混凝土抗折强度提高率增大,而抗压强度提高率则先增大后减小;3)当玄武岩纤维掺量为2 kg/m³时,不同冻融循环作用下混凝土抗折强度降低率随着冻融次数的增加而增加,抗压强度降低率则不明显.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.