体外预应力RPC箱梁受弯加载试验研究

进行体外预应力RPC箱梁模型两点对称受弯加载试验,研究了荷载-挠度曲线、截面应变、裂缝分布和破坏模式等问题,并对模型梁跨中正截面抗弯承载力进行了计算分析.结果表明,模型梁属于整体受弯破坏,采用预制节段拼装的施工方法是可行的;模型梁中混凝土对开裂弯矩的贡献明显大于同类普通混凝土梁,开裂时跨中受拉区边缘RPC应变约为普通混凝土的4~6倍;采用体外预应力提高了模型梁的开裂弯矩和增加了其延性,模型梁开裂弯矩为极限弯矩的55%;开裂时梁的跨中挠度仅为跨中极限挠度的20%;体外预应力RPC箱梁进行正截面承载力计算时应考虑RPC的受拉作用,并且可参照本文算法进行设计计算.     

无粘结部分预应力钢筋混凝土迭合梁的试验研究

对无粘结部分预应力混凝土迭合梁的试验过程和取得的成果进行了阐述和分析．并就荷载预应力、非预应力纵向受拉钢筋应力超前和后浇层混凝土应变滞后、平均截面应变、荷载-挠度关系、纯弯段梁顶混凝土的压应变分布及破坏特点做了详尽分析，为无粘结部分预应力混凝土迭合梁正截面承载能力计算提供试验数据。     

CFRP配筋活性粉末混凝土梁延性和变形性能

在对不同参数CFRP配筋活性粉末混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究的基础上,对CFRP配筋活性粉末混凝土梁的延性和变形性能进行了研究,并采用数值分析对CFRP配筋活性粉末混凝土梁的延性性能进行了参数分析.试验和分析结果表明:与CFRP配筋普通混凝土梁相比,CFRP配筋活性粉末混凝土梁具有良好的延性和变形能力;提出的荷载-挠度曲线下降段斜率公式能较好地反映出结构实际受力情形,由此计算的基于能量定义的延性指标与试验值吻合较好;采取增大混凝土极限压应变、增加预应力筋无黏结长度、增大受压钢筋的配筋率或降低有效预应力均能有效增大发生混凝土压碎破坏CFRP配筋RPC梁的延性和变形能力.     

曲线配筋无粘结部分预应力混凝土连续梁极限状态非线性分析

根据曲线配筋无粘结部分预应力混凝土连续梁的特点，将梁分成若干微段，每个微段的刚度、曲率均可变．各个微段的普通钢筋及混凝土的应力应变可以根据平截面假定计算，无粘结预应力钢筋的应变、应力可以根据整体变形协调条件计算．编写的计算程序能够对曲线配筋无粘结部分预应力混凝土连续梁进行极限状态非线性分析，能够对预应力作用、荷载作用、无粘结预应力钢筋的应力增量变化进行足够精确的描述．应用上述研究方法，对１６根试验梁进行了计算分析，给出了无粘结预应力钢筋的应力增量、预应力次弯矩及荷载弯矩塑性内力重分布状态的描述，计算与试验结果吻合较好     

无粘结预应力RPC梁疲劳性能试验

目的研究对比两种试验梁的静力及疲劳破坏形态.方法采用静载和等幅疲劳试验的方法,通过测量仪器采集和分析两种RPC梁挠度、裂缝宽度、钢筋应变和RPC应变.结果在出现概率为98%的桥梁应力幅作用下,两种试验梁的疲劳寿命都在200万次以上;对于无粘结预应力RPC梁,梁裂缝宽度﹑受压区边缘应变﹑跨中挠度﹑钢筋应变分别为0. 08 mm﹑814×10~(-6)、7. 6 mm、484×10~(-6),对于普通钢筋RPC梁分别为0. 12 mm、1 147×10~(-6)、10. 3 mm、1 226×10~(-6),远小于静载破坏对应值.结论两种试验梁都体现出了较好的耐疲劳性能,其中无粘结预应力RPC梁的耐疲劳性能强于普通钢筋RPC梁.     

纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁正截面性能的研究

试验研究表明,纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁荷载挠度曲线以截面初裂为界限点分为两个线性阶段.正截面开裂前,荷载挠度曲线基本为线性,截面刚度较大;正截面开裂时,裂缝先在纯弯段出现,荷载挠度曲线出现转折点.随着荷载增加,纯弯段正裂缝发展,剪跨段斜裂缝产生并向梁的受压区加荷点扩展,梁的刚度较截面开裂前减少,荷载挠度曲线基本为线性直到梁破坏.在试验研究的基础上,探讨了纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁的非线性全过程数值分析方法,用计算机模拟了试验梁的跨中弯矩-挠度关系曲线,并用试验数据进行了验证.     

不同预应力度RPC工字梁抗剪性能试验研究

为研究不同预应力度RPC工字梁的抗剪性能,通过4根RPC工字梁的受剪试验,分析不同预应力度下试验梁的破坏形态、荷载—挠度以及荷载—预应力增量曲线的关系,研究不同预应力度对RPC工字梁的抗剪性能的影响。结果表明,预应力度从0增加到0.31、0.44和0.6,试验梁开裂荷载分别提高38.78%、58.86%和115.35%,抗剪承载力分别提高5.68%、13.11%和41.18%;预应力增量越大,梁破坏时的挠度越大;梁开裂前,预应力的增加使其刚度有所提升,但对开裂后梁的刚度影响甚微。最后通过对预应力RPC梁抗剪承载力的影响因素分析,提出RPC梁抗剪承载力建议公式,以为同类研究提供参考。     

倒T形预应力预制构件叠合梁受弯性能试验研究

为了解倒T形预应力预制构件叠合梁的受弯性能及破坏特征,设计制作了2根叠合梁和1根整浇对比梁,分别进行静载试验,观测叠合梁和整浇梁的正截面开裂荷载、承载力极限荷载、挠度变形、裂缝开展、破坏特征等,并将叠合梁和整浇梁的受弯性能作了比较分析,配筋适当的预应力混凝土叠合梁与对比整浇梁的整体破坏特征基本相同.图8,表4,参4.     

RPC叠合梁受弯性能试验研究

为研究RPC叠合梁的受弯性能,对叠合简支梁进行抗弯承载力试验,分析了叠合梁的破坏特征、受力性能及承载力。结果表明:叠合梁与整浇梁均发生适筋破坏,叠合梁的延性较整浇梁有所降低,随着预制高度的降低延性系数也减小,表明叠合梁预制高度对延性有一定影响;由于存在"应力超前"现象和受截面有效高度比的影响,叠合梁在荷载作用下产生的受拉钢筋应力、跨中挠度和最大裂缝宽度等都显著大于整浇梁的相应值,并均具有相似的变化趋势;叠合梁的开裂荷载、正常使用极限荷载和极限荷载主要受截面有效高度比影响,且均随截面有效高度比的增大而增大。通过对试验叠合梁跨中挠度分析,提出RPC叠合梁挠度计算建议式,为同类研究提供参考。     

缓粘结部分预应力混凝土梁等幅疲劳性能试验研究

自行研制配制出满足后张法有粘结预应力混凝土的缓凝砂浆.根据12根缓粘结部分预应力混凝土梁静载以及等幅疲劳荷载作用下的试验结果,得到了钢筋和混凝土的应变增量、梁的裂缝宽度和挠度随重复荷载循环次数的增加而增长的规律,及部分预应力混凝土梁的疲劳破坏始于非预应力钢筋的疲劳断裂的结论.缓粘结部分预应力混凝土梁与同条件下通过灌浆浇筑的部分预应力混凝土梁相比,疲劳寿命较高.建议了预应力损失的计算公式和部分预应力混凝土梁疲劳验算的计算公式,对试验梁进行了结构静力计算和疲劳验算,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.